An kira filin ƙasa da ruwa daga ɓangaren halittu, wanda ya zama dole don rayuwa ga kowane irin kifaye. An yi amfani da shi don haifar da bayyanar cikakken jikin ruwa a gida: a matsayin factor na ma'auni na halitta, bai zama mahimmanci fiye da ruwa ko abincin ba. A cikin ƙasa mai yawa, an gabatar a cikin shaguna, yana da wuya a rasa mai siyar ba tare da kwarewa ba.
Kuna buƙatar ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye?
Bisa ga yawancin hanyoyin da za a zabi da kuma nauyin farashin matashi a cikin maigidan, mai yiwuwa zamu iya zaton cewa mutum zai iya yin ba tare da shi ba. Don fahimtar dalilin da ya sa kake buƙatar alamar mai gina jiki don aquarium, jerin ayyukansa zasu taimaka:
- kai tsaye a cikin rayuwar rayuwa mai zurfi;
- Tsarin ka'idojin tsarin nazarin halittu na tsarin kifaye;
- ƙarfafa tushen shuka, jinsin wanda zai iya bunkasa kawai a ƙasa;
- samun aquarium hydrophytes hadaddun na bitamin da kuma ma'adanai;
- samar da yanayi na al'ada don kifaye, wanda ya saba wa sauƙin kullun kayan lambu;
- nazarin sauti na jiki;
- A "storehouse" na halitta don caviar.
Wanne saiti na zabi don akwatin kifaye?
Ana iya ganin nau'o'i daban-daban a yau a cikin kantin sayar da kaya mafi kyau. Don neman kayan ado, kada mutum ya kula da wasu halaye waɗanda ke da alhakin ma'auni na tsarin muhalli. Don koyon yadda za a zaɓa na farko don akwatin kifaye, za ka iya, idan ka bi ka'idodin shawarwari na kwararru:
- Bayyana mahimmancin matakan albarkatu. Matsayin da aka yanke ba ya bari ruwa ya wuce ta haka ya zama da datti da sauri.
- Samar da jerin kifi da tsire-tsire masu zama mazauna. Rashin daidaituwa na iya zama m ga mutane masu mahimmanci.
- Zaɓin abubuwa da yawa wadanda ba sa rikici da juna. Idan an zabi manyan maɓuɓɓuka a matsayin mai shafa don rana, zasu iya haifar da rauni ga ƙananan kifaye. Don hana su, an yi amfani da maɓallin kayan kifaye daga ƙananan gauraya.
- Alamar sakamako a kan abun da ke ciki na ruwa. Ga daban-daban na ƙasa, matakin ph-bangaren da ke da alhakin acidity na ruwa ya bambanta. Marble, limestone, dolomite da sandstone ana daukar su matsala a wannan ma'ana.
Black primer na aquarium
Black substrate ne na duniya, domin a bayanta duk wani kayan ado yana da kyau. An yi amfani dashi a cikin manyan kwantena da kananan. Wannan inuwa yana da mahimmanci ga tsire-tsire a cikin akwatin kifaye, wanda aka sanya daga kayan kamar:
- Dark quartz. Yana da tsada, saboda ana la'akari da dutse mai zurfi kuma ana amfani dashi da yawa don jaddada girma ga mai mallakar akwatin kifaye maimakon ga amfanin mazaunan.
- Basalt na halitta. Saboda gaskiyar cewa yana kirkiro filin magnetic karfi da sauƙi mai sassauci, ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin ruwa na hydrophytes yayi girma a kanta. A cikin tanki tare da shi, ko da shrimp coexist daidai.
- Shungite. Tare da farashin ƙididdiga masu yawa, an saba sabawa. Dukkanin kaya mai launi da na halitta mai shungite ya nuna gefuna.
- Basalt. Rashin sa shi ne faduwa cikin ruwa bayan watanni 2-3 na amfani. Bayan wannan lokacin, basalt ya zama launin toka kuma yana fara lalata ruwa.
Ma'adini na farko don akwatin kifaye
Ma'adini na nau'i daban-daban suna dace da amfani da ruwan sanyi ko ruwan ruwan sanyi. Yana da kyau a cikin cewa bazai ƙara yawan ruwa ba kuma ana iya tsaftace shi ta sauƙaƙe. Tsire-tsire, idan ana tsammanin ci gaba, zai buƙaci lakabin akalla wani nau'i na jikin bitaminized. Ma'adinan farko na akwatin kifaye yana da ƙwayoyi masu yawa:
- tasiri mummunan tasiri akan kifaye;
- Har ila yau, ƙananan juzu'i na ma'adini yashi;
- tasiri mummunan akan ci gaba da tsire-tsire tare da babban tsarin tsarin.
Na farko don akwatin kifaye - yashi
Sand ba shi da tsada, don haka za'a iya canzawa sau da yawa fiye da ma'adini ko shungite. Bai zama mai guba ba, wanda ya sa ya zama wani ɓangare na tsabtace muhalli don kifaye tare da ƙwayar narkewa da ƙananan matakai. Mafi kyaun ƙasa ga wani kifaye na yashi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin nau'o'in irin su:
- Kogi. Ana iya buga shi a cikin kogi, siffar da ƙirar ta cikin shukuka guda biyu tare da nisa masu yawa na ramuka.
- Marine. An girbe shi a kan murjani na murjani kuma an saka shi a cikin kunshe ba tare da bushewa na farko ba, wanda ya kare dukkanin microorganisms masu amfani a ciki.
- Black. Wannan ya hada da yashi daga magnetite, ilmenite da hematite. An samar da shi ta hanyar wanke kananan ma'adanai.
- Ƙararren fata. Cakuda na halitta na gutsutsi na mollusks da corals. Dukansu suna shafar ruwa, wanda zai iya cutar da lafiyar kifaye na waje.
Na farko don akwatin kifaye - pebbles
Matakan da aka sassare da ƙananan ƙanƙara za a iya amfani da su a matsayin tushen kasa ba tare da tsoron tayar da ƙumma da ƙutar kifaye ba. An yi amfani da su a cikin tankuna na ruwa masu budewa da kuma rufe halittu. Rashin ƙasa daga tsire-tsire mai bankin aquarium ya kasu kashi biyu:
- Girman bakin ciki. Kayan hatsi tare da diamita na 5 zuwa 30 mm an tattara a kan gangarar koguna kuma an ajiye su a cikin wani ɓoye mai kwalliya a matsayin tushe. Kowane irin dutse ne maraba, sai dai wadanda suka saki ammoniya da ammonium.
- Pebbles na teku. Ƙasa ta ƙasa wadda aka tsiro a bakin tekun. Yana da kyau don kiyaye kullun ruwa da kifi.
Farin fari na aquarium
Rufin kasafin launin launi ya zaɓi waɗanda suka yi mafarki na sake yin kwaikwayo na teku a wani ɗaki. Har ila yau, yana da kyau tare da farawa a cikin aquariums, waɗanda suka saya bashi da mahimman ƙari. Mutumin da ya zaba wa kansa launi mai mahimmanci ko ma'adini a matsayin amsar tambaya ta farko don sayan akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya tuna game da rashin amfani da shi:
- tara tarawa cikin ruwa;
- low substrate dace don gyara shuka;
- bayyanar koren kore ko rawaya a kan duwatsu;
- samin haske daga cikinsu daga launi na launi na abinci ko maganin kifaye.
Marble primer ga akwatin kifaye
Masana masu kifi sun damu da cewa sun hada da hada-hadar marmara a cikin yanayin yanayin mazaunin kifi. Ƙasa ta ƙasa don akwatin kifaye daga wannan ma'adinai yana kara yawan ruwa, wanda nan take ya zama sanadi saboda lalacewa a yanayin dabbobi da rage yawan ci. Iyakar abincin da zai gode wa high rigidity shine cichlid . Tana son yin amfani da lokaci a tsakanin gungu na dolomite turbaya a karkashin ma'adinai.
Aikin kifaye mai launi na launi
Jigon launin launi yana bada wuri mai ban sha'awa lokacin yin amfani da kowane irin kifaye. Saboda gaskiyar cewa an rufe shi da wani launi na dye, ba ya shiga cikin musayar ruwa, don haka an hade shi da duwatsu masu rai. Ana samuwa a cikin yashi, tsakuwa ko tsakuwa. Don sanin irin irin yanayin da ake buƙata don aquarium da kuma ko cutarwa, kana buƙatar kulawa da waɗannan halaye:
- alamu da suka gina ƙasa;
- ikon yin launi ko rashin ruwa;
- Mai sana'a yana da izini na doka don saki wannan matsin.
Yaya za a shirya nau'i na farko don akwatin kifaye?
Bayan sayan, ba a saka ƙasa a cikin ruwa: yana buƙatar shirye-shiryen farko, wanda wani lokacin yana daukan kwanaki da yawa. Dangane da girman ƙananan juzu'i, dole ne a ware shi ko kuma ta wuce ta sieve:
- Tsarin ƙasa mai kyau na akwatin kifaye a cikin yashi yana sieved sau biyu ta hanyar sieve tare da ƙananan ramuka.
- Rumbun ma'adinai da duwatsu suna da hannayen hannu, an goge su tare da raguri don cire turbaya. Daga cikin matashi bazai zama kwayoyin haɗari ba - sun kasance masu lalacewa.
Yaya za a wanke ƙasa don aquarium?
Mataki na biyu na gyaran kayan ado shine wanke. Yana taimakawa wajen cire kwayoyin cutar, sharan gona a kan launin shuɗi, ƙananan tarkace. Don fahimtar yadda za a tsabtace filin kifaye mai kyau, kana buƙatar bin wasu shawarwari:
- An saka dutse na kowane sashi da yashi a cikin kwandon filastik cike da ruwan sanyi.
- Soap da ruwa wadanda ba su dace da tsaftacewa ba - sun iya guba kifi.
- Ƙarin kayan kifin aquarium yana buƙatar buƙata a kan takardar burodi a cikin iskar gas.
- Sand don hana bayyanar jigilar gashi, wanke tare da bayani mai sauƙi na acid acid hydrochloric. Bayan haka, an wanke shi sau da yawa a cikin ruwa mai gudana.
A kauri daga cikin ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Tsayin da aka yi a cikin akwati ya dogara da girmansa da ado na ciki. Muhimmiyar mahimmanci sune tsawo na tsire-tsire da girman girman kashi na kowanne daga cikin abubuwan da aka tsara na cakuda benthic. Yi shawarar yadda yawancin ƙasa da kake buƙata a cikin akwatin kifaye, ɗaki mai sauƙi zai taimaka:
- Gilashin karamin buƙata na buƙatar rubutun substrate na 1.5-2 cm.
- A matsakaici sized akwatin kifaye na bukatar a mound na 4-5 cm.
- Babban kifi zai shirya wani launi na 7-12 cm.
Substrate karkashin ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye
Abubuwan da ake ginawa na gina jiki sun sanya su a karkashin wani nau'i na dutse, shungite ko yashi, saboda ba shi da abubuwa masu rai wanda zai iya satura tushen tsire-tsire tare da microelements. Sanin abin da ƙasa ke shuka shuke-shuke na kifaye, yana da muhimmanci a iya gane shi daga saba. A na gina jiki substrate kunshi granules impregnated da lãka da peat. Ta hanyar tushen tsarin, sun shiga tushe na tsire-tsire kuma suna tabbatar da yanayin yanayi na ruwa.
Yaya za a tsaftace ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye?
Daga tsarki na kasan akwatin kifaye ya dogara da inganci da kuma rayuwa na kifin da ke zaune a cikinta. Yawancin duwatsu suna da matukar damuwa ga ƙananan kwayoyin halittu, wadanda ke haifar da ci gaban cututtuka. Kowane ɗan kasan ya san cewa ana yin tsabtace kayan lambu a kowane makonni 2-3, kuma ya kamata a ba da tsaftace tsabta a kalla sau ɗaya kowace watanni 6-12. Hanyar kawar da matattun lalacewa, raguwar mazaunan tanki da ruwa mai mahimmanci dole su bi wasu algorithm:
- Zaɓi na siphon mai kyau. Wannan na'ura mai tsabta ce mai ƙasa don aquarium a cikin nau'i na wuyansa tare da tip don samar da ruwa a karkashin matsin. A sauran ƙarshen tiyo ne pear, an tsara shi don zub da ruwa a cikin bututu.
- Zaɓi makullin. A tip daga cikin bututun a cikin hayare ko igiya. A mafi yawan samfurori na siphons an shigar da "tsabtace tsabtace jiki", wanda aka ba da batura mai yatsa.
- Ana sanya shinge ko "tsabtace tsabta" a kasa na akwatin kifaye, don haka ruwan kwarara zai iya aiwatar da duwatsu daga gamsai da silt.
- Ta hanyar matsawa-daskantar da pear daga kauri daga cikin shafi, dukkanin lalacewa an tsaftace ta da wajibi.