Jerin wuraren birane masu tasowa a duniya sun hada da manyan ƙauyuka, ilimin halayyar ilimin haɓaka wanda ke fama da mummunan haɗari ... Wannan matsala ita ce alhakin Blacksmith Institute - ƙungiyar bincike da ba ta riba ba a Amurka. Don haka, bari mu gano ko wane birni ya zama abin ƙyama a cikin shekarar 2013.
Birane 10 mafi kyau a duniya
- A karo na farko a kan gurbatawar muhalli shi ne ƙananan Chernobyl na Ukrainian. Abubuwa masu radiyo da aka jefa a cikin iska saboda sakamakon haɗari na fasaha a 1986 har yanzu suna da mummunan tasiri akan yanayin wannan yanki. Wani sashi na baƙi wanda ya kai kimanin kilomita 30 kusa da Chernobyl.
- A cikin Norilsk shine babbar ƙaddarar yanayin duniya, wadda ta jefa tons na abubuwa masu guba cikin iska. Cadmium, gubar, nickel, zinc, arsenic da sauran wassash na guba sama sama da birnin, wadanda mazaunan suna fama da cututtuka na numfashi. Bugu da ƙari, babu tsire-tsire da ke tsira a cikin radiyar kilomita 50 a kusa da yankin Norilsk, wanda ke jagorantar jerin jerin birane 10 mafi girma a Rasha (a karo na biyu Moscow ).
- Dzerzhinsk wani gari ne mai inganci a yankin Nizhny Novgorod na Rasha. A nan akwai masana'antu na masana'antun sinadarai, da tsaftace yanayi da ruwa na gida. Babban matsalar da ba a warware matsalar Dzerzhinsk shine amfani da sharar gidaje na masana'antu (phenol, sarin, dioxin), saboda, saboda yanayin yanayin yanayi, yanayin mutuwa a cikin birni ya fi girma fiye da haihuwarsa. Abin lura ne cewa Dniprodzerzhinsk yana daya daga cikin birane mafi ƙarancin a Ukraine.
- Gubar dabarun - matsala ta garin na La Oroya , wanda ke Peru. Sun kasance sau uku fiye da na al'ada, wanda ya shafi lafiyar mazaunan gari. Kuma, ko da yake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan watsi da ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin, yawan adadin abubuwa masu guba a kusa da shuka zasu shawo kan yanayi mai shekaru masu zuwa. Wannan ya kara tsanantawa da rashin matakan da za a tsaftace yankin.
- Babban birnin kasar Tianjin na kasar Sin yana cikin wasu manyan masana'antun masana'antu da ke kwarewa wajen samar da ƙananan ƙarfe. Rashin haɓaka yana da yawa kuma suna cikin ruwa da ƙasa a cikin manyan nau'o'in, wanda shine dalilin da yasa magungunan al'adu na wannan yanki sun ƙunshi nau'i mai yawa, sau da yawa fiye da na al'ada. Amma saboda adalci na adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa jihar tana kokarin yin amfani da maganin gurbata muhalli.
- Halin da ake ciki a Dutsen Linfien an ƙazantar da shi da kwayoyin sunadaran da aka kafa bayan konewar wuta. Wannan shi ne kuskuren ƙananan ma'adinai na ƙasa da na yanki wanda ke cikin yankin Linfyn. A hanyar, daya daga cikin biranen da aka fi lalata a kasar Sin shi ne Beijing, inda abin da yake fama da launin yellow smog.
- Mafi mahimmanci don yin amfani da ƙwayar wucin gadi a India shine Sukinda . Da yake kasancewa mai guba mai tsanani, hagu yana shiga cikin ruwan sha na wannan yanki, yana haifar da kamuwa da cututtuka a cikin mutane. Kuma abin da ya fi bakin ciki, babu gwagwarmaya da gurɓataccen yanayi.
- Wani birni Indiya, "shahararren" saboda gurbatawarsa, Vapi ne . An located a yankin masana'antu a kudancin kasar. Salts na ƙananan karafa ne ainihin abin kunya na wannan yankin, saboda abun ciki na mercury a cikin ruwa a nan shi ne daruruwan sau fiye da iyakar halatta.
- Kasashen duniya na uku kuma suna fama da rashin lafiyar ilimin kimiyya - musamman Zambia. Ƙungiyar Kabwe a wannan ƙasa tana da manyan gangami na gubar, ci gaban aiki wanda zai haifar da mummunan cutar ga jama'a. Duk da haka, halin da ake ciki yanzu ya fi kyau a wasu biranen, wanda aka sani da shi ne mai lalata, domin don tsaftacewa na Kabwe, Bankin Duniya ya ware kimanin dala miliyan 40.
- A cikin Azerbaijan, kusa da birnin Sumgait , wani yanki mai girma yana da alakar sharar gidaje. Wadannan sunadarai sun fara farfado da yankin masana'antu har ma a zamanin Soviet Union. Yau mafi yawansu ba su da aiki, amma sharar gida ya ci gaba da guba ƙasa da ruwa.
Bugu da ƙari, wannan goma, birane masu tasowa a duniya suna Cairo, New Delhi, Accra, Baku da sauransu, kuma a Turai - Paris, London da Athens.