Yau, ana daukar mosaic ba tare da izini ba, amma kawai mutane masu arziki zasu iya samun damar. A lokacin da ba'a samar da takalma ba, mutane sukan yada zane da hannayensu, ta hanyar amfani da kayan ingantaccen abu da launuka masu launi.
A halin yanzu, masana tarihi suna da fasahohi hudu don yin mosaics: Roman, Rasha Alexandrian da Florentine. Mafi yawan abincin shine Florentine mosaic. Don yin hakan, masu sana'a suna amfani da duwatsu masu launin shuɗi: idon tiger, amethyst, malachite, agate, carnelian, serpentine, jasper, marble, lapis lazuli, sodalite, hematite. Lokacin yin hoto, ana amfani da duwatsu na wasu inuwõyi, wanda aka ba da siffar da ake so kuma a yanka. Bayan yin aiki, abubuwan dutse sun hada tare don samar da tsari. Don zaɓin jerin layi, da yawa ƙananan duwatsu ko ɗaya da aka yi amfani da shi a hankali an yi amfani dasu. Hoton da aka samo zai iya ba da cikakken bayani da cikakkun bayanai da haɓaka, wanda yake da wuya a cimma ko da man fetur.
Tarihin mosaic
Florentine mosaic ya samo asali ne a farkon karni na 16 kuma ya kasance sanannun shekaru 300. A cikin ci gaba da cigaban fasahar samar da "zane-zanen dutse", Ducan Ferdinand I de Medici ya taka muhimmiyar rawa. Shi ne na farko da ya kafa wani bitar don yin aiki tare da duwatsu masu daraja da na tsawa, wanda ake kira "Gallery of Dei Lavori." A nan magoya bayan Italiyanci sun fara gwadawa tare da tattara hotuna daga launin launi, wanda daga baya ya zama sanannun "pietra dura".
Jewelers sun ci gaba da tsarin kansu na mosaic da ake kira "commesso", wanda a cikin fassarar ma'anar "docked". Me yasa irin wannan sunan? Gaskiyar ita ce, duwatsu masu daraja, bayan yankan da kuma siffar siffar da ake so, an kara su zuwa wata alama don yadda layin da ke tsakanin su ya kasance marar ganuwa. Hanyar Florentine mosaic aka yi amfani dashi wajen yin tebur na sama, bangarori na bango, kwalaye kayan ado, kayan kaya, da kayan kayan ado. Abin baƙin ciki shine, a ƙarshen karni na 19, irin wannan fasaha ya daina zama dacewa, yayin da mutane suka sauya zane da zane.
Yau, zane-zane a cikin "pietra dura" za'a iya samuwa a tarihin gidan tarihi da ɗakunan sirri. Mafi shahararrun mosaic aiki: "Kotu ta Moscow", "Ƙungiyar ta da sunflower", "Sanar wari da kuma taɓa", "Kogin dutse".
Florentine mosaic da aka yi da dutse - masana'antu fasali
Italiyanci na Italiyanci yana da fasali da yawa waɗanda ke rarrabe shi daga wasu nau'i-nau'i:
- dukkanin sassa na adadi suna da matukar damuwa da cewa haɗin kai tsakanin duwatsu ba shi da ganuwa;
- dukkan abubuwa dole su kasance a hankali a ƙasa kuma a cikin wannan jirgin;
- ko da ainihin kwafin hoton ya bambanta da ainihin, saboda a yanayi babu tsararrun duwatsu;
- Tsarin mosaic guda ɗaya na iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa;
- sabanin zane a kan zane, hotuna daga dutse ba su dainawa kuma ba su ƙone shekaru ba.
A yau, "zane-zanen dutse" suna ado da kananan akwatuna ko kofofin gida. Ana amfani da kudi mai yawa don aiki, kamar yadda aka sanya kowane hoto bisa ga tsarin sirri.
Wasu masu zanen kaya suna amfani da fasahar Italiya don yin kayan ado na mata. Pendants, brooches da manyan 'yan kunne suna ado da faranti na bakin ciki na dutse dutse, wanda aka kara da cewa zuwa wani tsari. Ya kamata a lura cewa abubuwa guda daya a cikin samfurin daya suna iya zama daban-daban tabarau saboda bambancin dutse.
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