Hanyoyin cutar ciwon yara

Cutar da ke cikin jariri shine cuta da ke faruwa a lokacin da jini na mahaifiyar da tayin ba daidai ba ne. Wannan yanayin zai yiwu idan tayin ya gaji antigens jini daga uban, kuma a cikin mahaifiyar jini ba irin wannan antigens. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar tana tasowa lokacin da Rhesus antigen ba ya dace, amma zai iya zama sakamakon rashin daidaituwa tare da sauran antigens.

Hanyar ci gaban cututtuka

Dangane da sakamakon maganin antigens na fetal akan jikin mahaifiyar, kwayoyin cutar zuwa wadannan antigens an samar da su a cikin jini. Yayinda yake shiga cikin shinge a cikin ƙananan jini, ƙwayoyin cuta suna haifar da haɓaka (hallaka) na erythrocytes, wanda zai haifar da rushewar bilirubin metabolism. Halin da ake ciki ya kara tsanantawa da rashin yaduwar tsarin hanta na hanta a cikin tayin, wanda bai riga ya iya canzawa bilirubin mai ciwo mai guba zuwa kai tsaye ba, wanda ya ɓace ta kodan. Iyaye masu juna biyu zasu iya shiga cikin mahaifa yayin ciki da lokacin aiki.

Matsayin cutar cutar ta tayi da jariri ya dogara da adadin da aka samu daga mahaifiyar jini a cikin jaririn, kuma a kan yiwuwar wannan karshen. Kusan cutar za ta ci gaba a lokacin da ta fara ciki. Halin da ya faru ya ƙaruwa tare da kowane ciki na ciki, tk. akwai jari na kwayoyin cuta a cikin jinin mahaifiyar.

Hanyoyin cutar cututtuka na jarirai

Idan yaro ba ya mutu a utero, to an haife shi tare da daya daga cikin nau'in cutar:

• anemic;
• harshe;
• icteric.

Kullum alamun bayyanar cututtuka na nakasar da tayi da jaririn: anamia normochromic tare da kasancewar matasa erythrocytes a cikin jini da hyperplasia (ƙarawa) a cikin yatsun da hanta.

Anmic tsari

Mafi sauki daga cikin nau'i uku na cutar da ke faruwa a yanayin sauƙin ɗan lokaci mai nunawa ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin mahaifa ga tayin. An samo asali erythrocytes ta wurin mahaifa. A cikin jariri zaka iya ganin alamar fata, jaundice ba ya nan. Anemia ta nuna kanta a karshen makon farko na rayuwa.

Edema siffan

Kyakkyawan cututtukan cututtuka na jaririn, yana buƙatar magani a cikin farkon seconds bayan haihuwa. Yana faruwa a lokacin da mahaifiyar mahaifa a kan yaron ya ci gaba da dogon lokaci. A cikin utero, tayin zai tsira, saboda samfurori na shan giya yana ɓaci ta hanyar ƙara yawan ƙwayar. Tayin din ya dace da halin da yake ciki kuma yana da karin kariyar hematopoiesis. Endocrine gland, hanta da kuma yalwata muhimmanci ƙara. Cutar da ke cike da hanta na hanta, rage adadin sunadaran a cikin jini, akwai kumburi mai yawa na kashin mai, wanda ke tattare da ruwa a cikin jikin jikin. Sakamakon wannan nau'i na cututtuka na ƙananan yara shine m ga yaro. Kusan dukkan yara da aka haifa rayayyu suna mutuwa a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan ko hours.

Jaundice tsari

Yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar mahaifa na mahaifa akan tayin, wanda ya riga ya isa cikakke. An haifi yaro a lokaci tare da nauyin jikin jiki. Kwayar cututtuka na tasowa a rana ta farko. Kashegari akwai jaundice, wanda ke karuwa sosai. Tsarin ciki yana karuwa a girman. Akwai karuwa mai girma a cikin bilirubin, akwai alamomi na maye gurfanubin da kuma rushewa daga tsarin kulawa na tsakiya: yawancin hanzari sun karya, vomiting da tayar da hankali, kuma yiwuwar ci gaba da raunin bilirubin na kodan. Ba tare da dacewa da kuma maganin maganin yanayin rashin lafiyar yara ba, yaron zai mutu a rana ta biyu bayan haihuwa. Yaran yara masu tsira suna raguwa a cikin haɓaka tunanin mutum.

Jiyya na cutar cututtuka na jarirai

Jiyya na cututtukan hemolytic na jarirai ya kamata ya zama cikakke da kuma dace, ciki har da:

• kawar da maye a cikin gajeren lokaci;
• kawar da kwayoyin cutar daga jikin yaron, wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage yawan kwayoyin jinin jini;
• gyare-gyaren tsarin aiki na wasu kwayoyin halitta da kuma tsarin, musamman koda da hanta.

Hanyar mafi mahimmanci na jiyya shine musayar jini a lokacin farkon lokaci. Muna amfani da ilimin likita, da kuma hanyar da za a iya ingantaccen hanyar rage yawan bilirubin - phototherapy na kai tsaye (yaduwar ɗan yaro da haske mai haske da haske). Ciyar da jariri tare da madara mai ba da taimako, a kan nono don 10-12 days, tk. Uwar mahaifiyar tana dauke da kwayoyin cuta kuma zai iya haifar da karuwa a bilirubin.

Hanyoyin cutar na jarirai ne mafi alhẽri ba a bi da su ba, amma don gargadi. A matsayin prophylaxis, tsarin antiresus gamma-immunoglobulin zuwa mace nan da nan bayan haihuwar jariri na farko, tacewa ta hanyar replanting fata fata daga mijin, kawar da zubar da ciki, musamman a lokacin da farko ciki, ana amfani. Yara na farko ana haifar da lafiya.