Rashin cigaba da kwakwalwa ta haɓaka shi ne maganin da ake ciki, wanda a mafi yawancin lokuta ana gano shi ba tare da bata lokaci ba a yayin da ake yin duban dan tayi. Bisa ga kididdigar, kimanin kashi 6 cikin 100 na yawan jama'a suna da irin wannan anomaly, yayin da yanayin da mata ke fuskanta dan kadan. Ana cigaba da ganowa a lokacin yarinya da matashi.
Mene ne cigaban kwarjin da ke cikin zuciya?
Zuciya - wani nau'i na famfo, mai tsabtaccen kwaya, wanda aka tsara don samar da jini na jiki duka. Rashin ruwa da kuma wurare dabam dabam na jini yana faruwa ta hanyar riƙe da wasu matsaloli a cikin cavities zuciya (ɗakunan). Cavities (akwai hudu daga cikinsu - biyu atria da biyu ventricles) an rabu da juna ta hanyar fuska mai ban sha'awa - shafuka, wanda, a Bugu da kari, shirya matakin matsa lamba kuma saita jagorancin da ya dace don yayyafa jini.
Kwamfutar da aka samo ta hanyar haɗin gwanon yana daya daga cikin ɓoye na tsakiya na hudu, wanda ya ɓoye atrium na hagu da hagu na ventricle. Wannan bawul din bicuspid ne, kuma ana amfani da gashinta ga bango na ventricle na hagu ta hanyar zane-zane na bakin ciki - ƙidodi waɗanda suka fita daga tsokoki na papillary. Duk waɗannan nau'o'in halittu suna aiki tare, tare da ƙidaya da kuma tsokoki masu tsirrai suna aiki a matsayin "marmaro" don "kofa" na baloli.
Tare da aiki na irin wannan na'urar a yayin rikitarwa na tsoka na zuciya, na baya (aortic) da na baya (ventricular) fannoni kusa da hankali. Godiya ga wannan, jini daga hannun ventricle na hagu a ƙarƙashin matsalolin shiga cikin jirgin, daga inda aka wadatar da oxygen, an ɗauka cikin jikin. A lokacin hutawa na zuciya, lokacin da kewayo ya cika kuma yana cike da jini, valve din yana buɗewa, kuma ana amfani da fuka-fayensa a cikin rami na ventricle na hagu.
Rashin cigaba da kwakwalwa na zuciya shine yanayin rashin aiki na kayan aiki, wanda yake nuna yadda za'a kwashe alƙalai na ɓoye a lokacin lokacin ƙaddamarwa, wanda zai sa wani jini ya koma baya daga ventricle zuwa atrium. Irin wannan canji na jini yana kira regurgitation . Lokacin da baftin ɗin ya rufe a wannan yanayin, daya ko biyu daga cikin rubutun labaru, i. E. Suna shiga cikin hagu na hagu, wanda ba ya ƙyale su su kusaci.
Shin karamin kwarjini na haɓaka shi ne rashin lafiya?
Koyo game da wannan ganewar, mutane da yawa marasa lafiya suna da sha'awar: cigaba shine cututtukan zuciya ko a'a? A gaskiya, wannan pathology za a iya dangana ga vices, i.e. lahani a cikin ci gaba da tsarin jiki, wanda zai iya rinjayar aiki na zuciya. A wannan yanayin, ƙaddamarwar da aka yi la'akari da shi sau da yawa ba shi da muhimmanci kuma ba zai shafi aiki na zuciya ba. Yawancin masana sun yarda cewa cigaba da rikice-rikice na septum ba zai kawo barazanar ba, amma ci gaba da rikitarwa a kan tushensa zai yiwu.
Sau da yawa ƙwayar bala'i mai ƙaura yana da yanayin yanayin rayuwa, wanda ke haɗuwa da rushewa a tsarin suturar launi na haɗin kai, wanda sakamakon abin da baƙullai suke daɗaɗɗa sosai, kuma ƙidodi suna ƙaruwa. Wannan shi ne saboda dalilan kwayoyin halitta. Har ila yau, akwai wasu nau'o'in ilimin cututtuka wanda ke haifar da wasu cututtuka da kuma abubuwan da ke haifar da kumburi ko ƙaddamarwa:
- rheumatism ;
- ciwo na kirji;
- cututtukan cututtukan zuciya ne ;
- rikice-rikice na ƙyama, da dai sauransu.
Prolapse - yadda ake hadari?
Rashin cigaba na zuciya zai iya kawo hadari idan akwai mai dawowa da jini (regurgitation) zuwa ga atrium, saboda mummunan hali ko na ci gaba na tasowa daga hawan jini, akwai yiwuwar kullun zuciya, jini zuwa kwakwalwa, da dai sauransu, an yanke shi.
- rashin isasshen gajartaccen fuska;
- adadin endocarditis;
- lafaɗar leaf leaf;
- arrhythmias, cututtuka na haɗari;
- bugun jini.
Ƙararrayi mai zurfi na cigaba - digiri
Don tantance yawan rashin ciwon zuciya na zuciya, yana da kyau a rarraba ilimin lissafi a cikin digiri da dama, bisa ga zurfin zalunci na baƙullai a cikin ɗakin shari'a na hagu da kuma ƙarar jini. A wannan yanayin, zubar da kwarjini na zafin jiki zai iya zama tare da busawa a cikin rami na bayanan na baya, na baya, ko na biyu. Ƙari yana yiwuwa ne kawai ta hanyoyi masu hanyoyi na ganewar asali.
Ƙararrawa ta karamin digiri na digiri na farko
A wannan yanayin, cin zarafi na rubutun takarda shine 3-6 mm. Rashin cigaba da mataki na 1 shine sauƙaƙan sauƙi, kuma tare da irin wannan sauƙi, rashin gazawar aiki na tsarin kwakwalwa ba zai yiwu ba. Hakanan bayyanuwar ta asibiti yawanci babu. Idan gurbin gyaran kafa na gyare-gyaren kafa na farko da aka lura da shi, an tabbatar da wasu jini, wanda ba zai shafi jini ba.
Mitral valve yana cigaba da digiri 2
Sakamakon binciken da aka samu na digiri na biyu shine halin da ake yi na "ƙofar" na bawul din, ta kai 9 mm. Tare da irin wannan ɓatawa, wanda zai iya magana game da rashin jinin jini wanda ya ba da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, amma yana da haɗarin rikitarwa. Tsarin fadar basalt din tare da gyaran tsari a wannan yanayin yana haifar da wani jini na yanzu, wanda zai iya kai rabin rabi.
Mitral valve yana kara digiri 3
Bambanci mai tsanani shine cigaban sa na 3, tare da raguwa tsakanin ɓangaren valve wanda yazo ta 9 mm ko fiye. Ƙananan canje-canje a tsarin tsarin zuciya, wanda aka yi amfani da gado mai ɗaukar hoto, da ganuwar ventricle suna ƙarfafawa. Rawan jini na baya yana da tsanani sosai wanda zai fita daga bango na tsakiya na katanga. Hoton hoto yana bayyana fili, ci gaba da rikitarwa ba tare da magani ba.
Ƙarƙwasawa na Valve - bayyanar cututtuka
Kamar yadda masanan suka lura, tare da ƙaddarar ƙwararrayar motsa jiki ta hanyar ƙwararrakin kwayoyin, marasa lafiya suna da irin waɗannan siffofi kamar yadda tsayi, tsintsiya, dogon ƙarfe da ƙafafu, fata mai laushi. Sau da yawa akwai motsi mai mahimmanci na gidajen abinci, rashin gani. Tare da matsanancin mataki na lahani, a mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya ba su da wani gunaguni. Lokacin da regurgitation ya kai gagarumin girma, yanayin bayyanar cututtuka na iya haifar da haka:
- raunin gaba daya;
- dizziness;
- zafi a kai;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
- suma;
- rashin tausayi a zuciya;
- Nausea;
- tremor;
- ƙãra yawan zuciya;
- kwance;
- rashin jinin oxygen;
- ƙananan ƙaruwa a yanayin jiki.
Zuciyar zuciya ta ciwo tare da bazawar bawul?
Zuciyar zuciya a ciki tare da gyare-gyaren bawul din ne ba wajibi ne ba, amma sau da yawa yakan lura da alama, musamman ma kashi 2 da 3 na lalacewa kuma a lokuta na cigaba na biyu na ɓangaren valve. Sau da yawa ana jin zafi a bayan damuwa da damuwa, damuwa, tsoro, motsa jiki, amma ba a cire shi a cikin hutawa. Yanayin rashin jin daɗi yana da bambanci: tingling, aching, latsa, da dai sauransu. Idan haɓakawa na bawul din yana haɗuwa da ciwo mai zafi, wannan yana nuna matsala mai tsanani da kuma rikitarwa.
Mitral valve prolapse - ganewar asali
A lokacin binciken likita a yayin da ake da hankali (sauraron zuciya tare da tsinkaye), gwani zai iya gano wani kararrawa ta hanyar buɗewa da rufewa da ɗakunan. Wannan na iya zama dalilin da aka tsara wani cikakken bincike, kuma a irin waɗannan lokuta yana da kyau don yin duban dan tayi (echocardiography). Ta hanyar duban dan tayi na zuciya, haɓaka kwarjin gyaran kafa yana iya dogara da ita, kuma wannan hanya ta kimanta daidai da nauyin pathology. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya sanya irin waɗannan hanyoyin bincike:
- Hanyar sadarwa;
- Kulawa mai kula da ECG.
Mitral valve prolapse - magani
Yawancin mutanen da suka ci gaba, ba a buƙatar magani. Idan babu bayyanuwar asibiti, mai haƙuri ba zai damu ba, jarrabawa ba ya bayyana rashin ciwon zuciya, kawai kallo tare da kwakwalwa na yau da kullum da kuma salon lafiya suna bada shawarar. Tambayar da za a iya yin aiki ta jiki za a tattauna a kowannensu a kowane mutum.
Tsarin fadar basus din, wanda yake dauke da mummunar bayyanar cututtuka da kuma ciwon ƙwayar cuta na zuciya, yana ƙarƙashin farfadowa. Magungunan ƙwayoyi na dogon lokaci, na iya hada da ƙungiyoyin magunguna masu zuwa:
- beta-blockers;
- bitamin na rukuni B, PP;
- shirye-shiryen magnesium;
- ƙaddara;
- tranquilizers.
Baya ga magungunan maganin magunguna, ƙwayar mahimmanci yakan haɗa da wasu hanyoyi: aikin motsa jiki, physiotherapy, physiotherapy, zubar da hankali, psychotherapy. Ana bada shawara ga marasa lafiya don maganin sanatorium. Idan akwai mummunan hauka, babban mataki na regurgitation ya kasance cikin hanyoyin sarrafawa. Wannan zai iya zama aikin gyaran gyare-gyaren kan valve na haɓaka (alal misali, suturewa da ɓaɓɓuka, rage raguwa), ko kuma hanya mai juyayi - amintattun alamu.