Hanyar bilirubin a cikin jarirai

A cikin kwanakin farko na haihuwar jaririn, launi na fata da fata na mucous mai gani zasu iya bayyana-jaundice na likita na jaririn ya bayyana. Wannan ya faru saboda gaskiyar cewa a farkon kwanakin rai na hemoglobin tayi na jini, ya sauya, ya maye gurbin da ya saba, kuma samfurin lalacewar haemoglobin shine bilirubin. A lokacin raunin hemoglobin, an kafa bilirubin ta kai tsaye, wadda ta danganta ga gina jiki a cikin hanta kuma an canza zuwa bilirubin mai kai tsaye. Rashin bilirubin mai kai tsaye ba shi da wata ma'ana, ba a ɓoye shi da fitsari, mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, an cire shi da bile.

Halin bilirubin a cikin jinin jariri

Tsarin bilirubin na yau da kullum ya ƙunshi fiye da 25% na bilirubin total. A cikin lalacewar haemoglobin fetal, matakin bilirubin na yau da kullum ya karu, wanda ba shi da lokaci ya ɗaure tare da albumin. Matsayinta mafi girma shine ranar 3 na rayuwa, bayan haka ya rage don 1-2 makonni. A wannan lokacin, jaundice na tsarin jiki ya bayyana kuma ya ɓace, wanda, ba kamar wanda yake ba da ilimin halitta, ya wuce ba tare da wata alama ba kuma baya buƙatar magani.

1. Lokacin da jaririn ya haife shi a cikin jini mai nauyin jini, matakin bilirubin a cikin jariri na al'ada har zuwa 51 μmol / l.
2. A ranar farko ta rayuwa, karuwa a matakin bilirubin kada ya fi yadda ya wuce 5.1 μmol / l a awa daya. Bugu da kari, yawan karuwa a matakin bilirubin a cikin yara masu girma ya kai 256 μmol / L har zuwa kwanaki 3-4 na rayuwa, a cikin jarirai na farko - ba fiye da 171 μmol / l ba.
3. Matsayin bilirubin a matsayi na farko a rayuwar farko ba ta wuce 103-137 μmol / l, kuma yawan karuwa ya kasance saboda bilirubin mai kai tsaye.

Lokacin da jaundice na physiological bai canja yanayin yanayin jariri ba, launi na fitsari da kuma feces, da kuma girman hanta da kuma yalwata, fata yana da launin orange, kuma jaundice bace ba tare da magani a cikin makonni 2-3 na rayuwa ba. Digiri na jaundice physiological:

• 1 digiri (launi icteric fuska da wuya kawai);
• 2 digiri (launi icteric na babban rabi na jiki zuwa ga cibiya);
• 3 digiri (siffar icteric fuskar, akwati da kuma ɓangarorin sama na hannunsa da ƙafafu);
• Digiri 4 (cikakken launin jiki a launin icteric, ciki har da ƙafa da goge).

Dalilin ƙara yawan bilirubin a jarirai

Bugu da ƙari, jaundice na physiological, akwai kuma jaundice mai cututtuka a cikin jarirai, inda za'a sami babban nau'in bilirubin da launin launi na fata da mucous membranes. Nau'o'in jaundice pathological:

1. Hemolytic. Saboda rushewar jinin jini a cikin rikice-rikice a kan jini ko rh factor tsakanin uwar da yaro, cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta - microspherocytosis, sickle cell anemia.
2. Parenchymal - saboda hanta lalacewa tare da cutar hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, gubobi.
3. Jigaba - a cikin yanayin matsala a cikin tsarin enzyme da kuma ɗaukar bilirubin mai kai tsaye.
4. Mechanical - a cikin lokuta na cin zarafi na bile saboda ƙaddamar da gallbladder ko ƙwayoyin hanta tare da irin abubuwan da ke ciki, misali, atresia.

A manyan nauyin bilirubin a cikin jini (fiye da 324 μmol / l), yana shiga cikin shamakiyar kwakwalwar jini da kuma yin kama da tsutsa a kwakwalwar jaririn (jaundice nukiliya). Wannan yana haifar da cututtuka mai guba tare da ragewa a dukkanin hanzari, rashin tausayi, lalatawa har ma mutuwar yaro. Rikici na jaundice na nukiliya zai iya zama ƙwayar cuta da kuma ɓarna, da tsinkayar lahani da kuma kururuwa.

Jiyya na karuwa na bilirubin a cikin jarirai

Jaundice na jiki ba yakan buƙaci magani ba, tare da launin fata na fata zai iya amfani da phototherapy, wanda shine hasken rana ya bunkasa haɗin bilirubin. Tare da jaundice masu ilimin lissafi, ban da phototherapy, likita yakan rubuta ka'idar detoxification har ma da musayar jini.