Yin watsi da gidan daga sanyi yana daya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na gine-gine ko gyaran gyare-gyare. Ko ta yaya cikakken tsarin wutar lantarki, ba tare da haɗari ga rufin ba, sanyi a cikin dakin zai yada a farkon digo a cikin taga.
Wani irin rufi don amfani da rufin?
Tsarin tsawan rufin yana kare da sanyi a cikin hunturu, da kuma lokacin rani - daga zafi. Zaɓin kayan abu da biyan kuɗi tare da tsarin shigarwa yana dogara ne akan iyawar gidaje don isasshen thermoregulation. Dole ne a zabi maɓallin haɓaka a kan rufin gidan, bisa ga halaye masu zuwa:
- Tsarewar wuta (idan akwai wuta, rufin ba dole ba ya yi haske, don haka idan aka samo shi, cellulose, bishiyoyi da guga man da ba a yi amfani dasu ba);
- Hadadden yanayi (zafi a lokacin zafi, aikin bai kamata ya kwashe magungunan mahalli masu haɗari);
- Rage juriya (rufin dole ne tsayayya da dusar ƙanƙara da kankara, sakamakon tasirin yanayin zafi da rashin zafi ba tare da hasara ba);
- Sautin murya (nau'in fasaha mai zurfi na rufin rufin rufin ruwan sama da ƙanƙara, don ya shirya ɗaki mai dakuna ko ɗakuna a saman bene);
- Ruwan ruwa mai lalacewa (evaporation daga danshi ba zai tara a cikin ɗaki ba, kuma ya sa bayyanar mold da fungi);
- Nauyin mafi kyau (tsabtataccen hasken rufi don rufin yana da bambanci, kuma nauyi - shi kanta yana taimakawa ga rushewa);
- Haske (wannan siginar ya dogara da yankin da yanayin hawan yanayi).
Wasan wasan kwaikwayo don kafa dutsen
Jerin ma'aunin ma'auni don zaɓar mai zafi don rufin ba zai zama cikakke ba tare da wani muhimmin mahimmanci kamar siffar rufin ginin ba. Matsayi mafi mahimmanci shi ne rabuwa a cikin sutura da sutura. Tsarin da aka gina zai iya kasancewa guda guda ɗaya , tsutsa , alfarwa da kuma rami hudu (an kuma kira shi hip). Duk wani daga cikin biyan kuɗi yana da amfani mai yawa: tare da rufin rufin ƙasa ya yi nisa, ba tare da jinkiri ba.
Ana yin amfani da wutar lantarki don rufin katako, wanda aka tsara bisa ga irin rami, an rarraba shi a cikin gidaje da ƙananan gida. Hanya mafi mahimmanci shine rufin "dumi": an saka kayan da ake so a kan rassan, tare da rufin rufin da tsakanin ɗakunan da aka ɗauka. Hanyar "sanyi" ita ce tattalin arziki, amma yana hana masu sufurin damar daman barci a ɗakin ɗaki: yana da mahimmanci don ya rufe ɓangaren rufin.
Wuta don rufin sama
Mai nuna alama game da ko zafi mai zafi yana wucewa ta cikin rufin ɗakin rufi shi ne yanayin. A cikin sanyi mai sanyi a yanayin zafi kadan, dusar ƙanƙara ba ta tsaya a kanta ba, amma melts. Wannan batu ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa iska mai zafi ta hanyar na'ura masu zafi suna shiga cikin ɗakiyar ruwa kuma yana cin rufin. Rashin rufin rufin tare da mai zafi don ɗakin jirgi yana da sauƙin yin da hannuwanku da godiya ga na'urar mai sauƙi ga wannan rufin:
- Akwatin jirgin ruwa yana buƙatar kayan abu guda biyu - yana kunshe da takarda mai laushi da kwaskwar zuciya;
- Ganuwar wadannan dakunan suna wakiltar sarari daya tare da rufin, saboda haka kowane kusurwa za a buge ta;
- Ana buƙatar gefen ɗakin ɗakin bango don rarraba wasu kwakwalwan iska don hana yaduwar ƙwaya.
Wasan kwaikwayo don rufin ɗakin kwana
Ɗauren rufi yana da wani rufe, wanda kusurwarsa game da bene na gidan bai wuce digiri 15 ba. Irin wannan rufin yana da tushe mai tushe wanda aka ba da ƙarfe, wanda ya ba shi damar iya cire mahaukaciyar mahaukaci daga cikin ciki da waje. Matsakaicin iyakar haɗin ƙimar da za a iya ɗauka don iskar gas mai zafi ga irin wannan ita ce kilo mita 200 da mita mita. A kan rufin, ba tare da goyon bayan haɗin ba, wannan iyakance na iya bambanta a cikin karami.
Mafi mahimmanci ga rufin gidan
Masu sana'a na yau da kullum suna samar da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na kauri, nau'in rubutu da farashi. Ƙimar da ake yin rufi don rufin yana kaiwa ta kayan, wanda kauri ba shi da ƙasa da 80-100 mm. Ta hanyar makirci ɗaya, an ɗaga su daga gefen rufin rufin ta hanyar raya kofa. Daga cikin masu sayarwa da suka dace da wannan bukatu, za mu iya suna:
- gilashin ulu;
- Jakar ma'adinai;
- mai karfin fiber;
- polyurthane kumfa;
- basalt;
- kumbura polystyrene kumfa;
- ma'adinai na ma'adinai;
- fadada yumbu.
Mafi kyawun rufin ga rufin zai zama mara amfani, idan akalla daya daga cikin kuskuren da aka saba yi a yayin da aka zaɓa da kuma aikace-aikace. Insulator ba a dauke shi dalla-dalla na ciki ba, saboda haka yawancin masu son ƙoƙarin ajiyewa a ciki. A gaskiya ma, duk wani mai sana'a zai bada shawarar bada hankali ga sunan mai sana'a da shawarwari masu kyau.
Tsarin kumfa don rufin
Ana samo kumfa polyurethane ta hanyar cika nau'ikan filastik da gas. Rubutun wannan abu shine ƙananan ɗakunan ajiya wanda ke cike da freon kuma yana da nau'ikan haɓakaccen haɓakaccen haɓakar thermal. Ana samo shi daga cakuda man fetur da kayan kayan lambu. Kyau mafi kyau ga rufin kumfa ya kamata ya zama tsayayya ga laima da mota kuma yana da rancen rai mai rai na akalla shekaru 20. Akwai nau'o'in nau'in nau'i mai nau'i na kumfa:
- m;
- matsakaicin yawa;
- wuya.
A hantakar polyurethane kumfa mahimmanci babban amfani shi ne alamar farashi. Ana sayar da shi a cikin ruwa, saboda haka ya shiga lokacin aikace-aikacen a cikin dukkan fuka, ragi da kuma ɓoye. Daga cikin amfanar da kumfa polyurethane ne:
- Tsaran fuska na gama ciki na ɗakin bango (bayan aiki ba shi da wani bangaranci).
- Ba yana buƙatar ɗaukar (siffar shinge ba da kuma karfin gaggawa bazai buƙatar ƙarin goyan baya);
- Zaka iya yin ba tare da yin amfani da shiri ba (spraying dace da kowane nau'i na shafi);
- Samun iya tsayayya da matsanancin zafi (ƙuƙwalwar kumfa bazai rasa zaman lafiyarsa a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 2200).
Ƙunƙarar zafi mai zafi don rufi
Ana kiran jagoran da ke cikin makaman wuta tsakanin masu sintiri mai suna "ulu ulu" - basalt. Yana da na roba da na roba, sauƙi ya dawo da siffar kuma an yanke shi tare da wuka mai amfani. Yayinda ake yanke shawara game da irin yanayin da ake bukata don rufin gida, yana da daraja la'akari da gaskiyar cewa basalt shine kawai albarkatun kasa waɗanda ƙuda da bera ba zasu iya shiga ba. Vata yayi la'akari kadan kuma baya yin rigar a lokacin ruwan sama. Ƙarfin wannan fasaha ya bayyana ta hanyar abun da ke ciki na basalt: an samo firan daga ƙwayoyin da ba'a sanye ba.
Rikicin tsakanin pores na kayan abu ne wanda aka fadi, wanda ke tabbatar da cire tururi a matakin zafi mai zafi. Wutar da ba ta da mai konewa ba ta dauke shi da tsummoki mai sutura kuma tana da babban maƙasudin maɗaukaki: ana iya haɗa shi tare da wasu masu tayar da hankali don hana yaduwar wuta a cikin wuta. Rufin rufin da aka yi daga basalt yana dauke da kayan aiki, saboda haka ana iya amfani da su tare da layi da sloping model.
Ma'adinai mai tsabta don rufin
Akwai nau'i nau'i biyu a kan wani ma'adinai: gashi na auduga, wanda aka yi daga narkewar duwatsu ko tsummoki mai tsanani. Wannan rufi akan rufin gidan yana iya tsira da tasirin tsaftacewa da kuma canza launin abubuwa. Slabs na slag kafin shigarwa suna shanye da ruwa mai hana ruwa don hana ruwa don shigarwa a lokacin hazo. Za'a iya ɗaukar sayen cinikin da aka yi da ulu da auduga tare da kara da fiberglass.
Roof insulation - fadada polystyrene
Styrofoam shine mafi kyau ga ƙirar waje na waje na ɓangaren matsala - sasanninta, shinge da gidajen abinci. Roof insulation daga ciki yana da hadarin gaske idan suna da wannan ƙara yawan flammability da damshi juriya. Ma'adinan da aka cire a yayin shigarwa a wasu lokuta ya sake fitar da abubuwa masu guba: yayin da yake aiki tare da shi, maigidan gida dole ne tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na sararin samaniya. Idan ƙwayar ma'adinan polystyrene bayan 'yan shekarun amfani ya fara tashi a ɗakunan, an saka shi tare da maida takunkumi da hawan kumfa.
Don aikin ciki, wannan rufi ya dace da cewa ya zama gasket a cikin rufin rufi. Wannan wata hanyar da ta dace don kare rufin gida a cikin yankuna mai sanyi daga asarar zafi na ciki. Ana amfani da burodi da yawa a kan karamin tayakke da aka yi da katako mai launi, musanya kayan aiki a irin wannan algorithm:
- Tsarin sharadi;
- tushe don makomar gaba;
- hydroprotection;
- Basalt;
- fadada polystyrene;
- mirgina insulator tururi.
Rufi ga rufin - minvate
An samo asalin ma'adanai na ma'adinai na kayan dutsen mahimmanci ta hanyar narkewa da spraying. Yana da fifiko a kan sassan farar wuta na shinge - yana da sassauci. Rubutun rufin rufin rufin yana dauke da maganin maganin antiseptic, wanda ke tabbatar da rashin lafiyar kayan. Bayan gyaran gashin auduga a cikin ɗaki, ya kamata ku jira kwanakin nan kuma ku kiyasta sakamakon da aka samu lokacin da aka kammala shinge. Don haɓakawa daban-daban, zaka iya yin amfani da irin waɗannan nau'ikan insulators kamar:
- shimfiɗa-layered;
- lalata;
- tsaye-layi;
- salula;
- sarari.