Bari mu fahimci mazaunin littattafan yara da yawa?
A lokacin yaro, kalmomin da suka fi so a cikin labarun da suka faru sun zama rayayyu a tunanin kuma sun zama abokai sosai. Ba'a fahimci hakikinsu ba ne kawai ta hanyar kwarewar kwarewar kwarewa ba, har ma da fasaha na marubuta na tarihin wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya halicci jarumi, bisa ga bayyanar da halin mutanenta.
1. Robin Hood
Prototype: Robin Locksley.
Akwai nau'i da yawa daga asali na ballads game da mai karfin fashi mai kayatarwa da wadata masu arziki don taimaka wa matalauci. Bisa ga ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi sani da shi, Robin ya haife shi a karni na 12 a ƙauyen Loxley kuma ya kasance mashayi (kyauta ne mai kyauta). Ko da a lokacin yaro, ya gina babban gungun, wanda ya yi amfani da shi a cikin daji na Sherwood. Gaskiya ne, manufar masu fashi sun bambanta da maganganu masu banƙyama, ƙananan 'yan ƙananan yara ne kawai suka sace su, kuma sun amfana sosai. Hakika, ba su ba da kuɗi ba ga kowa.
2. Christopher Robin da Winnie da Pooh
Prototype: Christopher Robin Milne da Winnipeg bear.
Alan Milne, ana iya ce, ko kwace ainihin labarun labarun game da al'amuran Winnie da Pooh daga dansa. Christopher ya girma da jin kunya da yaro, kuma abokinsa kawai shi ne wasan wasa mai suna Edward - mai nuna nauyin Teddy jerin Farnell. Marubucin bai canza sunan sunan yaron ba, sai dai abokinsa ne kawai aka ba shi suna, saboda girmamawa da bear Winnipeg daga London Zoo. An damu da hankali ga 'yan Adam cewa yara' yan gida, ciki harda Christopher, sukan ciyar da dabba da madara da aka yi da raunuka.
3. Alice a Wonderland
Prototype: Alice Liddell.
Lewis Carroll a cikin matashi yana abokantaka da dangin Liddell, wanda ya haifa mata da yawa. Marubucin ya shafe lokaci mai yawa tare da yaran, ya gaya musu labaran labarun game da yarinyar da ta taba ganawa da zomo akan tafiya. Lokacin da aka tara dukan jerin abubuwan da suka faru, Carroll ya rubuta tatsuniya, ƙara bayanai masu ban sha'awa da sababbin haruffa a cikinsu. Ya bai wa Alice Liddell littafin don Kirsimeti, wanda ta riga ya tsufa, ya sayar da kudi mai ban mamaki don biyan takardar kudi.
4. Snow White
Prototype: Maria Sofia Katarina Margareta von Ertal.
Wannan labari ya fara ne a shekara ta 1725 lokacin da aka haifi wani kyakkyawan 'yar'uwa don yin hukunci da Philip von Ertal da matarsa, Baroness Maria Eve von Bettendorf, ta hanyar, ta biyar a cikin iyali. Bayan shekaru 13, matar babban babba ya mutu a lokacin haihuwar yaro na goma. Alkalin bai dade na dogon lokaci ba, kuma bayan shekara daya ya yi auren "wanda ba a yarda da ita ba", amma mataccen gwauruwa mai arziki, Claudia Helene Elizabeth von Reichenstein. Matar tsofaffi (shekaru 36) a wannan lokacin ya yi fushi da Maria. Yarinyar ta tsufa kuma ta fi kyau a kowace rana, kuma kyakkyawa ta sabon matar mahaifinsa ya ɓace. Ba a san dalilin da yasa Claudia Helena vzelas ta kasance cikakkiyar 'yar yarima ta biyar ba, domin a cikin ɗakin masaukin ya zauna da yawa da yawa daga cikin aurensa na farko, amma Maria yana karuwa daga uwar uwarta. Wata rana yarinyar ta san cewa matar mahaifinta tana yin mãkirci don kashe ta, ta gudu, tana zaune a cikin gida na matalauta. Yarinyar alƙali ya dawo gida bayan mutuwar Claudia Helena, ya zauna a can har mutuwarta a 1796. Married to Prince Maria, ba shakka, ba ya fito, kuma a general don ziyarci auren aure ba ta faru ba.
5. Carlson
Prototype: Hermann Goering.
Wild, amma kyakkyawa fatalwa tare da motar, ya fito waje, ba kawai mutum ne kawai ba, har ma daya daga cikin shugabannin Jam'iyyar Nazi, Reichsmarschall na babbar Jamus Reich da kuma Ministan Reich na Ma'aikatar Harkokin Jirgin Kasa. Astrid Lindgren, marubucin labarin da Karlsson yayi, yana da masaniya game da matukin jirgi tun daga matashi, kuma yana da tausayi sosai gareshi, da kuma na karshe a Sweden. Sabili da haka, Hermann Goering ya zama alama ta ainihin halin da marubucin ke yi, litattafan sun ambaci kalmomi na Reichsmarschall: "Ni mutum ne cikakke", "Ƙaddamarwa shine batun rayuwar yau da kullum". Kuma Carlson waje ne sosai kamar Goering, ba don ambaci ambato na sana'a a cikin hanyar mai propeller.
6. Shrek
Prototype: Maurice Tillieu.
William Steig, marubucin labarun kananan yara game da wata babbar kyan gani mai kyau tare da zuciya mai kyau, ya haifar da halinsa, wanda Maurice Tillieu ke sha'awa. An haifi wannan wanin Faransa a Rasha, a Urals. Yayinda yake yaro, ya kasance ɗan ƙaramin yaro tare da sifofi masu kyau, wanda ake kira shi Mala'ikan. Amma lokacin da ya kai shekaru 17, an gano Maurice tare da acromegaly, cutar da ta haifar da girma da kuma karar kasusuwa, musamman ma kwanyar. Mutumin da ya yi mafarki na zama lauya ya watsar da burinsa saboda ci gaba da zalunci da ba'a game da bayyanarsa. Sa'an nan kuma Maurice ya koma ga kokawa, kuma a filin wasa ya samu babban nasara. Masu zamani na Tiye sun bayyana shi a matsayin mai girma, mai kirki da mai karfin gaske tare da jin dadi. Tsarin Shrek, ba shine ba?
7. Douremard
Prototype: Jacques Boulemard.
Wanda ya sayo kayak a cikin labarun "Golden Key" a gaskiya ya kasance sananne da likitan Moscow na asalin Faransanci, mai suna Bulemard. Ya rayu a shekara ta 1895 kuma yana jin dadin girmamawa a cikin matsayi na Rasha. Gaskiyar ita ce, likita ya yi amfani da ita a wancan lokaci na hanyar maganin tare da taimakon kullun, da kuma gwaje-gwajen da su ya nuna kansa a kansa. Domin kada sauro ya buge shi a lokacin da aka kama "magunguna," Boulemard ya yi tsauri. Ƙananan, wanda ke kasancewa tare da likitan likita, yana lalata Jacques Duremar, yana ɓatar da sunansa.
8. Pinocchio
Prototype: Pinocchio Sanchez.
Idan kuna magana ne game da Pinocchio, yana da daraja a ambaci asalin wannan labarin, wanda Karl Collodi ya rubuta. Babban hali na littafin yara, ba shakka, babu wanda aka yanke daga log, ba ma yaro ba, kawai karamin girma. Ainihin Pinocchio wani jarumi ne wanda, bayan ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin, ya rasa ƙafafunsa, kuma bai dace ba, hanci. Na gode wa kokarin likita Bestuldzhi ya iya fara rayuwa mai zurfi, sai likitan likita ya sanya masa hakora don musayar jikin jiki. Ya kasance bayan ganawar da Sanchez da katakon katako wanda Collodi ya zo tare da Pinocchio.
9. Baron Munchausen
Prototype: Hieronymus Carl Friedrich von Munchhausen.
Mafi yawan mafarkin mafarki bai kasance ba, ya haife shi a 1720 a Jamus (birnin Bodenwerder, Lower Saxony). Hutun kofin kofin ya sa mutumin kirki ya koma Rasha, zuwa mahaifar matarsa ƙaunatacce, inda baron ya shiga soja a matsayin jami'in. Lokacin da har yanzu Jerome Karl Friedrich ya dawo gidansa, lokacin da yake tare da abokantaka, sai ya fara fada wa 'yan ƙasa game da abubuwan da suka faru da shi a Rasha. Tarihin Munchausen, da godiya ga tunaninsa, ya kasance cikakke da cikakkun bayanai da yanayi.
10. Pen Pen
Prototype: Michael Davis.
Masanin Yakubu Barry, marubucin wannan labarin game da wani yaron da bai so ya girma, da kuma Dinh-Dinh ba, ya zama dan uwansa, Sylvia da Arthur Davis. Little Michael ya kasance mai bincike ne, ɗan jarida da ɗan shekara 4, wanda ke kirkiro wasu labaru daban-daban. Ya ji tsoron tsofaffi kuma yana sha wahala daga mafarki mai ban tsoro, inda akwai mummunan jirgin ruwa (Captain Hook) da masu fashi mara kyau. Barry yana sha'awar wawa, ya ba Bitrus Pen mafi kyawun hali da kuma halin da ake ciki na halin Michael.