Shirye-shiryen da ke tattare da halayen jima'i na wucin gadi sune daya daga cikin hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da ita ga zamani ga mata. Amfani da kuɗi daga matakan da ba a so ba, idan aka yi amfani da shi, ya kai 99-100%. Amfanin irin wannan magungunan ya dogara ne da daidaitarsu.
Abun magunguna ga mata - nau'in allunan
Akwai nau'o'i biyu na kwayoyi da ake la'akari, kowannensu yana da halaye na kansa. Irin ire-iren maganin magance:
- Progestin (mini-sha). Amfani - kimanin 95-96%, ana nuna nauyin kariya.
- Haɗa (COC). Ƙarfi - har zuwa 100%, suna da contraindications, wani lokaci sukan haifar da sakamako mai tasiri.
Mini-saws
Kwayoyin maganin rigakafi a cikin wannan rukuni sun ƙunshi ƙananan asalin tsarkakakken progestin (progestagen), wanda shine ma'anar rubutun maganin kwayar cutar hormone (wanda aka samar a cikin ovaries). An yi amfani da maganin rigakafi ta maganganu da miyagun ƙwayoyi ga matan da ba a yarda su dauki nauyin COC ba. Progestin kwayoyi yi aiki a jikin jiki milder, amma kare kan rashin so ciki mafi muni.
Hada hada-hadar maganin bugun rai
Irin nau'in magani da aka kwatanta ya hada da kwayar cutar roba da kuma analogue na estrogen. Irin wadannan kwayoyin hana daukar ciki zasu iya zama guda ɗaya, biyu da uku, dangane da sashin jimmon. COC suna aiki tare da iyakar yadda ya dace, kai 100%, amma basu dace da dukkan mata ba. Yana da haɗari don zaɓar su da kansa, ƙwararren magungunan haɗin gwargwadon maganganu ne na kowane ɗayan ƙungiya.
Ta yaya kwayoyin kwayoyin haihuwa ke aiki?
Hanyar aiwatar da rigakafi na kananan yara da COC daban. Sharuɗɗa na asali game da yadda kwayoyin hana daukar ciki suka yi aiki tare da aiki mai tsabta:
- Gudanar da ƙuduri akan ƙwayoyi. Wannan yana hana jigilar maniyyi ga kwai.
- Canza mucosa (glandular regression) rufe cikin mahaifa. Ko da yake spermatozoon ya gudanar ya "karya ta" kuma takin kwai, ba zai iya haɗa kanta ba.
- Saukewar kwayoyin halitta na fallopian tubes. Sau da yawa, kwan ya mutu kafin hadi, kafin ta kai ga mucosa.
Kwayoyin maganin kamfanonin da aka haɗu suna haifar da irin wannan sakamako, amma suna da ƙarin ƙari:
- Dakatar da sakin jigilar kwayoyin halitta da kuma jituwa a cikin gland;
- toshe ayyukan ovaries;
- hana jigilar kwayar halitta .
Kwayoyin magani - wanda ya kamata in zabi?
Nada ƙwayar maganin maganin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ne aka gudanar da shi daga masanin ilimin likita. Kwararren likita ne kawai zai iya tsara takardar shayarwa na haihuwa - wanda ya fi dacewa ga mace ɗaya, an ƙaddara a kan wani tsari na sharudda:
- shekaru;
- Tsari na hormonal;
- Tsarin tsarin tsarin halitta (ci gaban, tsawon lokaci na juyayi, matsananciyar halayen jima'i da sauran halaye);
- miyagun halaye;
- kafin haihuwa ko zubar da ciki;
- ƙaddamar da sukari cikin jini;
- gaban cututtuka na haihuwa tsarin da endocrine pathologies;
- matakin karfin jini;
- jiki nauyi;
- fata yanayin;
- Hanyar gani;
- hanta aiki;
- Tsarin jini na aiki;
- gaban neoplasms a cikin gabobin na kananan ƙashin ƙugu da mammary gland;
- jima'i.
Yawancin mata suna da nauyin maganin haifa cikakku. Idan an gano magunguna ga amfani da su, likita zai bada shawarar zabar wani tsari na hana haihuwa, misali, inji (kwaroron roba, na'urar intrauterine), ko amfani da ƙaramin dangi:
- Ƙara;
- Charozette;
- Ovret;
- Continulin;
- Organometr da analogues.
Kwayoyin maganin haihuwa bayan aikin
Wannan rukuni na magunguna an tsara su a lokuta masu banƙyama, lokacin da ya wajaba don dakatar da zuwan ciki cikin sauri. Wadannan kwayoyin maganin hana daukar ciki sun karɓa bayan haɗin kai (nan da nan). A baya da aka fara amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa na gaggawa, mafi amfani zai kasance amfani da su. Suna tayar da mutuwar takin kwai (sunadarai "micro-zubar da ciki").
Dole ne a yarda da mai ba da labari na Postinor fiye da kwanaki 2 bayan da ba a tsare shi ba, kuma mafi kyau - a cikin 'yan sa'o'i na farko. Kwayoyi na yau da kullum suna aiki da softer kuma sun fi tsaro, amma sun fi tasiri. Dole ne ku sha irin wadannan kwayoyin hana daukar ciki bayan aikin cikin kwanaki 3-4:
- Wife;
- NorLevo;
- Tsarin kaya;
- Macegin;
- ElEva da analogues.
Monophase COCs
Wannan nau'i na kwayoyin kwakwalwa na haihuwar yana dauke da wani nau'i mai tsinkaye na progestogen da estrogen a kowane kwaya. Hanyoyin hormones da aka karɓa ba su canza ba dangane da tsawon lokacin juyawa. Abubuwa masu amfani da irin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa cikin tambaya su ne:
- araha mai araha;
- duniya;
- bisa tushen shekaru da dama.
Mafi kyawun kwayoyin kwakwalwa ta haihuwa daga ƙungiyar COC guda guda suna wajabta don kula da cututtukan cututtuka na gynecological:
- fibroids uterine ;
- polycystic ovaries ;
- endometriosis da sauran pathologies.
Kwararrun kwayoyin maganin haihuwa-lokaci guda-lakabi:
- Ƙari;
- Janine;
- Silhouette;
- Femoden;
- Lamba da analogues.
COCs biyu-lokaci
An tsara irin wannan nau'in kantin magani ne don kimanta adadin hormones na roba da aka dauka zuwa halayensu na jiki a cikin jikin mace a lokacin juyayi. A cikin kwayoyin hana daukar ciki da aka bayyana, kawai maida hankali ne akan estrogen ba canzawa ba. Kashi na progesterone ya bambanta da na farko da na biyu na sake zagayowar.
Mene ne kwayar hana daukar ciki daga ƙungiyoyi biyu da aka tsara ta masu binciken gynecologists:
- Femoston;
- Sequilar;
- Neo-Eunomine;
- Adepal;
- Bifazil da sauransu.
COCs guda uku
A kowace kunshin irin waɗannan shirye-shiryen akwai nau'i uku na Allunan da ke dauke da nau'i daban-daban na hormones. Hanya guda uku COCs na sabuwar ƙarni suna samuwa tare da sashi na progesterone kuma estrogen sun dace da haɓakan halittu a wasu lokuta na jujjuyawar hanzarin (juyawa, luteal, ovulation). Abinda aka gabatar don maganin hana haihuwa ba za a iya dauka mafi tasiri fiye da sifofi ba. Wasu mata sunfi dacewa da su a matsayin wakilan mono- ko biphasic.
Wadanne kwayoyin hana daukar ciki za a dauka (daga ƙungiyar da aka bayyana):
- Milvanes;
- Uku-tausayi;
- Uku-Regol;
- Marvelon;
- Trisilete da analogues.
Yaya za a sha maganin kwayoyin haihuwa?
Dukkan maganin ƙwayar maganin da aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar amfani da ita ana amfani da su sosai. Yana da muhimmanci cewa yin amfani da kwayoyin kula da haihuwa ya yi daidai da umarnin da su da shawarwarin da likitan ilimin likitancin suka bayar. Ka'idoji na asali:
- An dauki kwayar farawa a rana ta farko na farawar juyawa.
- Ya kamata a bugu da kwayoyi masu guba a kowace rana. Domin kada ku manta game da shi, to ya fi dacewa a ci gaba da ajiyewa a wani wuri inda wata mace ta yi amfani da ita - kwaskwarima, wani gida a cikin gidan wanka, kusa da madubi.
- Wata rana dauka 1 kwaya, zai fi dacewa a lokaci mai tsawo.
- Lokacin da Allunan a cikin ƙuƙwalwa sun ƙare (lambar su 21-28 ne), yi hutu don kwanaki 7. A wannan makon, akwai zubar jini, kamar haila. Wani bambance-bambance shi ne mini-dangi, ya kamata su bugu ba tare da katsewa ba.
- A karshen kwanaki bakwai, sake amfani da ƙwayar cutar.
- Idan nan da nan bayan shan kwaya, tofa yana faruwa, kana buƙatar sha ɗayan. A cikin sa'o'i 24 yana da mahimmanci don karewa ta hanyar kwakwalwa .
- Idan har ya rasa kwaya, ya kamata a dauki kwamfutar ta gaba kadan kadan. Yarda da kashi a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki ba zai yiwu ba, kawai ƙarin maganin rigakafi da aka hana shi.
- Lokacin amfani da wasu kwayoyin hormonal a cikin layi daya, tabbatar da tuntuɓi likita.
Kwayoyin maganin kwari - sakamako masu illa
Duk wani abu mai ban sha'awa da ke tattare da abubuwa masu ban mamaki suna rarraba cikin kashi biyu - ƙananan kuma mai tsanani. Kwayoyin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na haifar da sakamako masu tasiri mai kyau:
- Nausea;
- lalacewa na ci;
- ciwon kai;
- rage sha'awar jima'i;
- zub da jini daga farji tsakanin haila;
- riba mai nauyi;
- dizziness;
- kumburi daga ƙananan ƙarancin;
- flatulence;
- chloasma;
- rashes a kan fata;
- tausayi da tausayi na ƙirjin;
- cikakken aikin haila;
- ƙãra girma gashi a jiki;
- maimaitawa;
- photosensitivity.
Wani lokaci kwayoyin maganin haifa na haifar da mummunar sakamako:
- hemicranium;
- hijira;
- faɗuwa;
- lalacewar shafukan yanar gizo daga fagen ra'ayi, lalacewa da kaifi;
- glaucoma;
- urticaria;
- wahalar magana;
- matsaloli tare da numfashi na jiki (tsokawar tsoka, tsinkaye na tsutsi da tsummoki mai tsummoki, raɗaɗi);
- m zafi a kirji;
- Ƙin jini ya girgiza;
- thromboses;
- varicose veins;
- ciwo mai narkewa;
- myalgia;
- jaundice;
- girma daga cysts a kan ovaries;
- furta da ciwo mai zafi na kafafu a cikin maraƙi.
Kwayoyin magani - contraindications
Wasu mata ana hana su amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa. A game da COCs, bazai yiwu a sha kwayoyin maganin haihuwa tare da HB (lactation), a lokacin daukar ciki da kuma tsawon watanni 1.5 bayan haihuwar haihuwa. Wasu contraindications zuwa hade da kwayoyi:
- cuta na cerebrovascular;
- pathology na hanta;
- herpes;
- Shan taba, musamman a shekaru 35 da haihuwa;
- migraine na yanayi mara sani;
- cututtukan zuciya na zuciya;
- zub da jini daga sashin jikin jini;
- koda lalacewa;
- hauhawar jini 2-3 digiri;
- ƙarancin lokaci;
- ciwon daji;
- nauyi (fiye da 30% na al'ada);
- ciwon sukari mellitus;
- pathology na jini coagulation tsarin;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- mashayanci fuka;
- Gilbert ta ciwo;
- pigment retinitis da sauransu.
Lokacin da aka tambayi ko yana yiwuwa a sha kwayoyin maganin haihuwa tare da tsabtace tsabta a lokacin lactation, likitoci sun amsa gaskiya. Ƙananan kwayoyi ba su da tasiri akan madara kuma suna da ƙananan takaddama:
- ciki a cikin mahaifa ;
- oncology;
- babban ciwon hanta;
- pathology na zuciya da jini;
- idiopathic zubar jini na jini.
Cutar da kwayoyin hana haihuwa
Ma'aikata na cigaba zasu iya yin maganin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanyoyi na tsawon lokaci, da aka ƙidaya cikin shekaru har ma da shekarun da suka gabata. Na dogon lokaci, tsarin haifuwa ya dace da yin amfani da hormones daga waje, saboda haka bayan an soke su, za'a iya samun saurin yanayi, rashin kwakwalwar sake zagaye, ƙananan ciwon ciki da sauran cututtuka. Ba a haifar da kwayoyin rigakafi ga mata ba, amma ta hanyar dawowa jikin su zuwa aiki na jiki da kuma shirye-shiryen haɗuwa. Lokacin da yanayi na hormonal ya ƙarfafa, waɗannan alamu zasu ɓace a kansu.