Mun gabatar da jerin sunayen matan da suka zakuɗa kan abubuwan da suka shafi abubuwan da suka shafi al'amuran da suka shafi al'amuran da suka shafi abubuwan da suka faru da tarihin duniya.
1. Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910)
Elizabeth Blackwell, dan ƙasar Ingila, ya zama mace ta farko don samun digirin Doctor na Medicine a Amurka. Elizabeth ta yi ƙoƙarin shigar da makarantun likita daban-daban, amma an hana ta a duk inda ake yin la'akari da jinsi: mata a wancan lokacin an dauki ƙananan ilimi, kuma matsakaicin da za su iya cimma a aikin likita ya shafi zubar da ciki. Amma har yanzu an yi ƙoƙarin yin kokari tare da gaggawa - an shigar da yarinyar a Kwalejin Kimiyya na Geneva a New York. Sai dai har yanzu ba ta fahimci yadda zai kasance da wuya a shawo kan dukkanin matsalolin dangi na dangi da kuma masanin farfesa wanda ya karanta tafarkin jikin mutum ba. A lokacin lacca akan haifuwa, farfesa ya tambayi Alisabatu ya yi ritaya, ya yi iƙirarin cewa duk wannan abu ne mai banƙyama ga tunaninta mai hankali. Halin da yaron ya ba shi damar ba kawai ya zauna a cikin masu sauraro ba, amma kuma ya canza tunanin mutane da yawa game da kanta.
To, a ƙarshe, daɗaɗa kan dukan matsalolin, Bet ya zama wata ungozoma mai shahararrun duniya.
2. Annie Smith Peck (1850-1935)
Mafi mahimmanci, ba za ka sami wani hotunan da ya fi dacewa da nuna hoto ba fiye da hoton dutsen hawa Annie Smith Peck. Ta ci gaba da cike da manyan tuddai na Turai, sannan ta Kudu Amurka, inda a 1908 Annie ya zama mutum na farko da ya ci nasara mafi girma a Peru, mai suna Mount Huascaran, wanda ya samu karfinta na duniya.
Kyakkyawan mai hawa da kuma masanin kimiyya mai tasiri - ta rubuta litattafan da yawa da kuma lacca a duniya. Annie ya ci gaba da shiga tuddai, har ma yana da shekaru tamanin da biyu.
Kuma, a hanya, ba ta sa tufafi ba, kamar yadda ya dace ga mace a wancan zamani.
Kuma mutane suna kama, "Oh, Annie ..!" Yaya aka hana ka! ".
Amma ya kasance a gare ta?
Shin, Annie?
Lol. A'a, ba haka ba ne.
3. Mary Lou Williams (1910-1981)
Mary Lou Williams, hoto na uku a gefen hagu, ya zama daya daga cikin mawaƙa mafi mahimmanci da masu mahimmancin jazz. Ta fara aiki a lokacin da yake da shekaru 12, yana da babbar tasirin tasiri da kuma biye-tafiye, ya ƙunshi kide-kide na nau'o'i daban-daban kuma ya kasance kashi ɗari bisa dari na kowane lokaci.
Kuma a nan shi ne sake, ba tare da so ku ciyar da na biyu a kan dukan kewaye kewaye da ku.
4. Yi Magana da Gaskiya (1797-1883)
Mata mai ban sha'awa mai nuna bambanci ga mata, Sojourner Truth, da zarar ya sadu da matasan da ke cikin karamin Harriott Stanton Blatch.
Harriot Stanton Bletch: "Sozhorner, menene ba za ka iya karantawa ba?"
Sozhorner Gaskiya: "Na'am, masoyi, ban karanta kalmomin da kyau ba, amma na karanta mutane sosai."
SODZHORNER.
5. Ƙaunar Aminiya (1815-1852)
Ada Lovelace wani mathematician (kuma wannan har yanzu ya zama mai daukar hoto), wanda aka sani da farko don halittar tsarin kwamfuta na farko na duniya. Ya yi aiki tare da Charles Babbage a kan samfurin wani kwamfuta na yau da kullum, "na'urar bincike". Babbage sau daya ya roƙe shi:
"Ka manta da duniya tare da dukan matsalolinsa da kuma masu yawa da yawa, duk da haka, duk abin da ya faru, sai dai ga masu yawan lambobi." Wanne, a gaskiya ma'anar:
"Ku yi komai akan kome."
6. Beatrice Potter Webb (1858-1943)
Beatrice Potter Webb ya kasance mai gyara, tattalin arziki da tarihi. Tare da mijinta ta shiga cikin yakin neman bunkasa yanayin rayuwa na matalauta, suka kafa ka'idoji na farko a kan ƙananan biyan kuɗi, suka fara aiki a Birtaniya, ya zama marubucin daruruwan littattafai kuma ya kafa cibiyar makarantar tattalin arziki a London, ba tare da nuna damuwa game da ra'ayoyin wasu ba.
7. Lillian Bland (1878-1971)
Dan jarida da kuma direbobi, Lillian Bland, sun rayu ne da rayuwar da ke cikin kasada. A cikin 1910, a Ireland, ta tsara jirgin samanta. Kuma duk yana da kyau, amma halittunta ba su da tanadi na man fetur, don haka Lillian ya sanya shi daga kwalban wutsiya da ƙuƙwarar uwarsa. Jirgin ya tashi 30 yadudduka - nisa mai ban sha'awa da waɗannan matakan.
Wannan mata ta ƙaunaci zane-zane, motoci, ba su daina taba taba-wani ba, suna yin sutura da sutura kuma suna yin alkawuran dama da hagu. Bayan ya yi ritaya, sai ta koma Cornwall, inda ta kusantar da ita, ta buga caca da kuma sha sosai, kuma ba shakka ba ta damu da ra'ayoyin wasu ba.
8. Ethel L. Payne (1911-1991)
Ethel L. Payne ya kasance mai jarida mai jarida, yana gudanar da binciken kansa, kuma ya jagoranci kungiyar 'yan tawayen Amurka da' yanci na kasa da kasa. A matsayinsa na memba na 'yan jaridu a Fadar White House, ta yi watsi da shugaban kasar Eisenhower tare da tambayoyinsa game da ragamar tafiyar da yankuna, ya tilasta masa ya watsi da shi a taron manema labarai. Yayin da yake aiki a matsayin mai jarida, Ethel ya rubuta labarin game da duk abin da ke faruwa a duniya don kare kare dangi na Chicago, kuma ya zama dan jarida na farko a Afirka ta hanyar watsa labaran SIBIES a cikin 1970s. Wasu masu hikima sun yi kuka game da shaidarta a lokacin hira. Ya yi farin ciki, ba ta damu ba game da wauta.
9. Murasaki Shikibu (973-1025)
Murasaki Shikibu wata yar kotu ce a wata kotu a kasar Japan a lokacin tarihin tarihin Japan da ake kira Heian. An yi imani cewa ita ce marubucin littafin farko a cikin tarihin 'yan adam: "Tale na Genji."
Mahaifin Murasaki bai yarda da hankali ba, amma a lokaci guda yayi baƙin ciki cewa an haife shi yarinya. A cikin littafinta yarinyar ta rubuta cewa: "Na koyi harshen Sinanci, na sauraren koyarwar mahaifina ta hanyar kofa, saboda an hana mata su koyi wannan harshe ...". Duk da haka, ba ta damu da hakan ba.
10. Nellie Bly (1864-1922)
Nelly Bly jarumi ne kuma mai jarida mai jarida. Nellie bai ji tsoron rubuta manyan batutuwa game da cin hanci da rashawa da talauci ba. Da zarar ta gurbata takardu don zuwa wani asibiti a New York kuma ya rubuta wani labarin game da rashin lafiyar marasa lafiya a wannan asibitin, wanda ya haifar da mummunar tashin hankali a cikin al'umma kuma ya tilasta gwamnati ta dauki matakai masu dacewa don inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya. Masu haɗari masu fahariya sun kasance masu banƙyama game da aikinta, amma Nellie, ba shakka ba ya kula da waɗannan ƙwararru masu yawa.
Kuma, a hanyar, Nelli ya yi tafiya zagaye na duniya don yin rikodin kwanakin 72. Me ya sa? Haka ne, kawai saboda.
11. Zinga Mbandi Ngola (1583-1663)
Zinga Mbandi, Sarauniya Ndongo (Angola ta zamani), ta zama matsala. Ta fara mulki a shekara ta 1624 bayan mutuwar dan uwa Ngola Mbandi kuma ya sami karfin ƙasashen waje don samun matsala a diplomacy, dabarun soja da cikakkiyar damuwa. Gwaninta na yaki, jinginawa, cinikayya, ƙungiya da ra'ayi na addini sun taimaka masa ta hana mulkin mallaka na Portugal.
Zinga, kai hakikanin sarauniya.
12. Hedi Lamarr (1914-2000)
Wannan furci ne wanda ya sa dan wasan dan wasan Austrian (daga baya) Amurka kuma mai kirkiro Hedi Lamarr, idan ba ta damu ba. Kuma tun lokacin da ta ke yin kullun a duk komai, zaka iya yin mahimmanci na ƙarshe. Hedi ya kirkiro fasaha na "tsalle-tsalle", wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin tsarin sadarwa da kuma a cikin rediyo masu sarrafa radiyo a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu. Kamar yadda ya fito daga baya, wannan fasahar ya samo asali ne na abubuwan kirkiro na zamani kamar su maɓallin kewayon tauraron dan adam da Wi-Fi. Bugu da ƙari, duk abin da, ta kasance star star.
Kuma me yasa ba?