Yawancin lambu suna girma a cikin zucchini, karkara da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bayan su basu da wuya. An ƙaunace su saboda rashin kulawarsu a cikin noma, dandano mai kyau da halaye masu cin abinci. Kayan samfurin duniya za a iya soyayyensa, ta dafa, gwangwani. Lokacin da kake girma da kula da kayan lambu, kana buƙatar la'akari da wasu nuances.
Mafi kyawun kayan aiki don bude ƙasa
Gonar zucchini ita ce al'adar herbaceous, tarinsa tare da sassan launi guda biyar suna kirkirar daji tare da yawancin mata da maza da ke kan giciye. Ana samun 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin dukan tabarau na launi na zaitun, bambaro, fari ko ragu. Girbi yana da sauri kuma a cikin yawa. Ayyukan aiki a nan gaba zai fara ne da zaɓi na kayan iri. Dole ne a san cewa zucchini suna ƙaunar lokacin da suke girma, wanda iri ne mafi kyau saya don kiwo a cikin yankunan kewayen birni. Mafi shahararrun su shine:
- Early - White swan, Zakariya, Anna, Zolotinka. Ana darajar su saboda yawan samfurin da suke da su. Tsukesh iri-iri ne sanannen fata na fata, dandano mai ladabi. Daji ne mai sanyi, yana da 'ya'yan itace a cikin nau'in 50 cm da nauyin nauyin 0,4-1.
- Tsaka-tsaka-tsirrai - Nasrite, kyakkyawa mai kyau, Kuand. Yawancin abu, matasan Macaroni na ban mamaki - a lokacin dafa abinci, jiki ya juya ya zama takarda, kamar spaghetti.
- Riga-ripening - Tivoli, Nut, Long-fruited. Lokacin da suka kammala shi ne watanni 3, sun yarda da adadin lokacin ajiya da kuma hunturu.
- Musamman alama zucchini - Aeronaft, Zebra. Suna janyo hankali game da saukowa, kare lafiyar tarin.
Shuka zucchini a cikin ƙasa
Idan ana so, a gida samun zucchini, dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude suna samar da seedling ko tsaba. Don ƙwarewa zaɓi rana, wanda aka ƙi daga iska, mafi kyau a kudancin kudancin. Ƙarin haske, mafi girma yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma da jimawa 'ya'yan itace farawa. Don tattara ganga mai karfi, dasawa da kulawa ana gudanar da su a kan shafin tare da kowane tsinkaya, maimakon dai kabewa. An ba da shuka a bayan su ba don kimanin shekaru uku ba. Kayan kayan lambu sun ci gaba a kan wani abu mai daraja, wanda ke da mahimmanci mai mahimmanci. Shiri na ƙasar:
- dandalin yana cike da taki daga kaka, idan ya cancanta, lemun tsami idan kasar gona ta yi yawa acidic;
- A cikin bazara, 10-15 kilogiram na takin gargajiya, 50-60 g na superphosphate, dintsi na itace ash ana kara da 1 m 2 .
Dasa zucchini seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude
Amfani da seedlings yana baka damar samun karin kayan lambu da kuma ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ka'idojin daji:
- Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da matsakaici mai tsaka-tsaki ko yin tarin da kanka, hada 50% na peat, 20% na sod sodium, 20% na busassun humus da 10% na sawdust. Don ƙara yawan acidity, za ku iya hada itace ash ko alli. Ana cakuda ruwan magani tare da wani bayani na manganese.
- Ana sanya tsaba a yanki daya a cikin kwanduna kwakwalwa 10 cm a fadin. Suna kara zurfafa da 2 cm 20 days kafin a nutse a cikin ƙasa, an rufe shi da gilashi, ana yin shi a yanayin da + 20-22 ° C.
- Samar da tsaba ga seedlings an shirya don kwanakin farko na watan Mayu.
- A lokacin da aka harbe harbe, ana juyo da tukwane a wuri mai sanyi. Yawan zafin rana zai kasance cikin + 15-18 ° C, dare - + 13-15 ° C. Yana da muhimmanci cewa seedlings ba su shimfiɗawa ba.
- Saki kamar yadda coma ya bushe tare da ruwan dumi.
- Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da ma'adinai ma'adinai: bayan kwanaki 10 bayan fitowar matasa harbe, 5-7 g na superphosphate da 2-3 g na urea da lita 1 na ruwa, cinye rabin gilashin saro a cikin tukunya. An yarda yin amfani da jiko na ruwa mullein 1:10 - 50 g da daji. Bayan mako guda, yi cakuda 1 tsp nitrofoski da lita na ruwa, ta yin amfani da gilashi guda 1 da tukunya. Chlorine don melons da gourds ne contraindicated.
- An dasa zucchini a cikin ƙasa a ƙasa tare da dunƙule na substrate, ta zurfafa zuwa cotyledons.
Dasa zucchini a cikin ƙasa tare da tsaba
Dokokin don dasa shuki tsaba:
- A cikin idon ruwa, an faɗo yankin, ana yin rami da zurfin minti 10. Ana sanya su a cikin dintsi na humus da ash, hadawa tare da ƙasa;
- Shuka zucchini a bude ƙasa yi haka kamar haka: ana saka tsaba 2-3 a rami daya, saboda haka suna cikin cikin raunuka 5-7 cm;
- Suna yayyafa ƙasa a bisa kansu, suna cike da ciyawa.
- bayan germination ne kawai mai karfi sprout aka bar, wasu suna transplanted ko cire.
Shin wajibi ne don jiƙa zucchini kafin dasa?
Don rooting, dole ne a shirya iri. Yadda za a jiƙa zucchini tsaba kafin dasa:
- bar wata rana a cikin lita na ruwa mai zafi wanda aka haxa da dintsi na itace (ko mafita na Zirkon , Epin);
- Hanya na biyu: dumi tsaba a cikin rana don 24 hours, to, bayan sunyi tsawon sa'o'i 24 a ruwa mai dumi, kunsa a cikin rigar zane don 3-4 days (rike a + 22-24 ° C);
- saboda sakamakon irin wannan tafarkin, tsaba suna karawa kuma wasu ƙananan sprouts suna kwashe su.
Dates na dasa shuki zucchini a bude ƙasa
Rigar da harbe ya yi wata daya bayan rassan firamare na farko - a cikin marigayi May - farkon Yuni, lokacin da dasa shuki zucchini seedlings a bude ƙasa ya rigaya lafiya. A wannan lokaci babu barazana ga rassan ruwa da ƙasa akan shafin yana da zafi - har zuwa 13 ° C zurfin zuwa 8-10 cm, kamar yadda agrotechnics ke bukata. Ana dasa shuka a lokaci guda (idan an zaɓi wannan hanyar namo). Don ƙyale 'ya'yan itacen da za a cire tsawon lokaci, ana shuka su sau da yawa tare da hutu na 5-6 days. Don kare kanka daga barazanar yanayin sanyi, ana iya rufe kowane daji da kwalban filastik.
Distance lokacin da aka dasa zucchini
An dasa gine-gine na courgettes tare da tsaba tare da tsarin al'ada: Tsakanin layuka a kan shafin ya zama 1-1.5 m, kuma a tsakanin ramukan - kimanin 1 m. Wato, ba za a sanya fiye da 3 bushes a kan 1 m 2 na shafin ba. Wannan wajibi ne don guguwa da kayan lambu zasu iya ingantawa, saboda babban shuka tare da rassan bishiyoyi yana tsiro daga tsaba na zucchini. Gaps a dasa shuki seedlings a yarda su yi kadan more.
Courgettes - girma da kula a cikin ƙasa bude
Don samun shafin yanar gizo na kyakkyawan zucchini, noma da kulawa ya kamata su kasance cikin ban ruwa na shafin yanar gizon, kayan haɓaka da gadaje, kayan abinci na yau da kullum, yayinda suke yin fada da su. Noma na da kyau yana kara karuwa a cikin ci gaban 'ya'yan itace da kuma girbin girbi mai girma. Zucchini - dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin filin bude da kuma nuances daga gonar su:
- tare da yin la'akari da matasa harbe shi wajibi ne don tsintar da tsire-tsire.
- don lalata pollinators, daji ne irrigated tare da aron kusa daga boric acid da sukari;
- a lokacin da furanni ya fara, kuma babu wata kwari a kan shafin, dole ne a taimakawa ta hanyar taimakawa injin don gurzawa - don cire hawan namiji guda daya (wanda babu ovary a baya) kuma yayi alama tare da tsinkaye 2-3 a cikin mata na mata;
- a cikin mataki na 4-5 zanen gado, daji ne a bit hilly, wannan ya fi dacewa da samuwar tushen asali;
- A ƙarshen kakar, ana girbi kayan lambu da aka tanada-da-ci a lokaci.
Nawa zucchini nawa a bude ƙasa?
Tsaba na al'adun germinate da sauri. Ka'idodin fasaha na aikin gona ya ba da amsa mai mahimmanci ta hanyar zucchini nawa a bude ƙasa:
- A ranar 5 bayan dasa, a + 15-16 ° C, ana iya ganin sabbin furanni;
- a karkashin yanayin + 12-13 ° C, za su yi proklyutsya ranar 7th;
- 'ya'yan itace daji bayan kwanaki 40-60 bayan shuka, dangane da nau'in.
Mene ne zafin jiki na zucchini a cikin ƙasa?
Yanayi don girma ma'aikatan sun haɗa da bin ka'idodin yanayin zafi wanda ke da iyaka daga + 18 ° C zuwa + 25 ° C. Cikin al'adu na iya tsayayya da sanyi zuwa + 4-7 ° C, amma ga wani ɗan gajeren lokaci. Idan tsarin rageccen yanayin yanayi yana da dogon lokaci, ci gaban 'ya'yan itace yana dakatar da bishiyoyi sun mutu. A cikin zafin rana, kayan lambu zasu bushe, ba a samar da ovary ba.
Yaya ruwa zucchini a cikin ƙasa?
Garden zucchini - fari-resistant, amma dasa da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude ya kamata a yi tare da isasshen ƙasa danshi. Ruwa da ruwa mai tsawo ba da ruwa ba daidai ba yana rinjayar yawan aiki. Watering zucchini a filin bude:
- moisten da bushes da yamma tare da ruwa mai dumi;
- watering yana da muhimmanci karimci, tsarin mulki - mako-mako a yanayin sauyin yanayi da kuma sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 2-3, idan akwai zafi;
- zuba ruwa a karkashin tushen, kada ku tsaftace ganye. Saukewa da kwance a ƙasa kayan lambu za a iya sanya su a kan wani shinge - jirgi, wani sashi, don haka baza su lalace ba;
- Yawan nauyin humidification shine lita 8-10 da m 2 , bayan daji yana cike da ciyawa;
- Kwana 10 kafin girbi, an dakatar da ruwa, don haka ba don rage yawan 'ya'yan itacen ba.
Kula da zucchini - saman miya
Don samun shafin yanar gizo na zucchini mai zafi, dasawa da kulawa a cikin ƙasa ya bada shawarar samar da karin samfurori uku a lokacin kakar wasa. A saboda wannan dalili, yana da kyau don amfani da jadawali na gaba:
- Shirye-shiryen farko. Anyi shi a cikin Yuni kafin flowering, an bada shawarar 10 grams na ammonium nitrate, 40 g na superphosphate, 20 g na potassium shirye-shirye da lita 10 na ruwa. Buckets sun isa su gyara 10 kofe.
- Zucchini - na biyu ciyar da grooming. Ana buƙata a lokacin flowering, al'ada shine 1 kopin itace na itace ta kowane guga na ruwa. Ɗaya daga cikin daji yana rasa rabin lita na bayani.
- Saukakawa na uku. An shirya a cikin mataki na fruiting: a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, ƙara rabin lita na diluted mullein da 1 tbsp. l nitrofoski. Yawancin bayani shine lita ta daji.
Kula da zucchini a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi - nadawa
Kulawa mai kyau na zucchini a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ya shafi nadawa a cikin nau'ikan iri. A farkon budding, sun yanke babban tushe a mataki na 1 m, barin 3 manyan harbe 70 cm tsawo tare da kayan lambu ɗaya akan kowane. A cikin nau'in bishiyoyi a cikin kullun babu bukatar. Amma irin wannan tsire-tsire ne mai ban mamaki, saboda haka ba za ka iya ɗaukar dasa ba. Don farawa a mataki na fruiting a kan harbe, 1-3 manyan zanen gado a tsakiyar sashi na bulala ana yanke. Wannan hanya zai kara samun iska da hasken wuta na harbe kuma kauce wa bayyanar rot.
Zucchini a kasar - cututtuka da kwari
Wani lokaci zucchini, dasa shuki da kulawa a hankali a cikin ƙasa bayan da aka samar da shi daidai, zai iya ci gaba da rashin lafiya ko kuma ya kai hari ta hanyar parasites. Suna sha wahala daga al'adun da girbi. Me ya sa zucchini ya bar rawaya a filin bude?
- Kullun da ba a iya cirewa ba yana shafi fungal, powdery mildew , wanda aka nuna ta launin ja. Dole ne a bi da shafin tare da bayani na 10% na Topsin fungicide.
- Rawaya rawaya yana nuna rashin nitrogen. Sa'an nan daji ya kamata a hadu da jiko na itace ash ko nettle.
Da cututtukan fungal a mako guda bayan dasa, ana biyan kasar gona tare da bayani na 1% na Bordeaux cakuda ko jan karfe chloride. Duka magunguna mafi kyau (aphids, whiteflies) zasu taimaka Carbofos magani, Kwamandan. Slugs kama a kan baits: Guga giya ana zuba cikin ramuka, lokacin da parasites crawl a kan delicacy - an cire. A cikin kaka an shayar da shafin sosai kuma a shekara ta gaba sun dasa sabuwar al'ada.