Dokokin yin wasa da kaya

Idan baku san yadda abin farin ciki shine ku ciyar da maraice tare da dukan iyalinku, ku yi kokarin kunna chess. Domin ya mallaki wannan tsohuwar wasanni na ilimi, ba lallai ba ne don samun babban IQ. Yana da muhimmanci a koyi ka'idoji game da kaya - kuma tare da ƙananan ƙoƙari, za ku iya dawowa da sababbin motsa jiki ba tare da ya fi muni ba.

Manufofin wasan don farawa

Ƙarjin ya hada da murabba'in 64, inda farar fata suka canza tare da duhu. Lissafi masu layi suna ƙidayar daga ɗaya zuwa takwas, kuma haruffan Latin suna ƙira daga tsaye zuwa zuwa h. Kowace filin jirgin an sanya saitattunsa, wanda aka tsara daga sunan madaidaiciya ta tsaye da kuma lambar tsiri a kwance a kan jirgin, alal misali, a7, f5, da dai sauransu.

Kafin fara wasan ba kawai don koyi ka'idojin wasan ba kuma ku fahimci yadda za a yi wasa da ladabi, amma kuma ku sanya ginin a daidai. An saka don haka kowane mai halarta a gefen dama yana da filin kusurwar launi mai launi. Akwai 'yan wasa biyu: daya kula da launin launi mai launi, kuma na biyu - siffofin duhu (baki) launi. Dukkanin Figures suna da sunayensu na musamman: sarki, sarauniya (sarauniya), giwaye (jami'an), rooks (yawon shakatawa), dawakai da kaya. Wasan ya kunshi sarki guda daya (nau'in rikodi na Kr) da Sarauniyar (F), da jimloli guda biyu (K), biyu rooks (L), giwaye biyu (C) da kuma huɗa takwas (n.) A kowane gefe-16 a cikin duka.

Ka'idodin wasan kwaikwayo don farawa da yara: kawai game da hadaddun

Da farko, dukkanin guda a kan jirgin suna fallasa kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa.

Dukansu suna tafiya ne ta hanya ta musamman, ba ma kawai gare su ba:

1. Giwa yana haɗuwa ga kowane fili daga wurin da yake.
2. Ana iya motsa rago zuwa kowane filin a cikin wani gefe na tsaye ko a kwance, yana fara daga wurin da yake tsaye.
3. Sarauniyar tana motsawa kyauta a kowane filin a cikin sakonni, ko dai a tsaye ko a kai tsaye.
4. Mazan, suna faɗar ka'idojin kiɗa ga yara, ya kamata kula da gaskiyar cewa ba za a iya sake hawan giwa, ko roba ko sarauniya ba a cikin filin idan mutum yana cike da shi.
5. Doki yana cikin harafin "G", yana zaune daya daga cikin filayen kusa da wurinsa, amma bai kamata ya kasance a kan diagonal, a kwance ko a tsaye ba.
6. Ba za a iya ci gaba da tafiya ba a hanyoyi da dama. Daga matsayi na farko, wannan siffar za a iya motsa shi zuwa wurare 1 ko 2 a gaba daya a tsaye idan sun kasance daga wasu siffofi. A wani matsayi, majajin yana tafiya ne a hanya guda, amma a daya filin. Wannan adadi zai iya cire adadi na abokin gaba idan ya kasance a gaban fage a kan gefen tsaye a cikin jagorancin diagonal.
7. Bisa ga ka'idodin ka'idoji, ma'auni wanda ya kai matsayi mafi girman matsayi daga matsayinsa na asali ya canza zuwa giwa, rook, doki ko sarauniya na irin launi.
8. Sarki yana motsawa zuwa kowane filin da ke kusa, idan abokin adawar ba ya barazanar sa a sabon matsayi.

   Har ila yau, wannan maɓallin siffa za a iya motsa shi daga castling.

   Idan sarki ya yi amfani da wannan launi ya kasance wuri ne na farko, an tura su zuwa matsanancin sararin samaniya: daga filin farko an sake mayar da sarki zuwa wurare guda 2 zuwa ga yawon shakatawa, sa'an nan kuma yawon shakatawa "ya yi tsalle" ta hanyar sarki zuwa filin kusa kusa da shi.

Yin shah da mat

Shah shine harin da makiyan abokan gaba suka yi a kan sarki. A wannan yanayin, sanin ka'idojin wasan yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda za a koyi yadda za a yi wasa da ladabi. Ba za ku iya motsawa ta wani mutum ba, sai dai sarki, har sai kun dauke shi daga karkashin Shah. Tare da taimakon wani giwa na giya, zaka iya haifar da yanayi na shahovaya ga sarki fari, kamar yadda, duk da haka, kuma a madadin haka: wani babban jami'i yana barazana ga baki baki.

A cikin hotuna masu biyowa, shah an bayyana adadin baki, amma ana kiyaye su daga gare shi ta hanyar motsa giwaye zuwa c5.

Matsa shi ne shah wanda ba za a iya warware shi ba. Maganin da aka bayyana ya zama nasara. Harshen gargajiya: Sarauniyar ta kai wa sarki hari, wanda ba shi da hanyar da za ta gudu. Cire Sarauniyar daga cikin jirgi sarki baya iyawa, domin yana kare fadin farin.

Ana iya sanya matsi tare da taimakon rook: blackwning f7, g7 da h7 suna tsangwama tare da maɓallin siffa na baki daga tserewa.

Jerin wallafe-wallafen a kan koyon yin wasa da ladabi:

1. Levenfish G. Ya. "Littafin farkon wasan kwaikwayo" (1957).
2. Rokhlin Ya G. "Chess" (1959).
3. Podgaets OA "Yin tafiya ta wurin fararen fata" (2006).
4. Volokitin A., Grabinsky V. "Mai koyarwa kai tsaye ga yara" (2009).
5. Yudovich MM "Rashin Gwaninta" (1966).
6. Eyve M. "Littafin littafin wasan kwaikwayo" (2003).
7. Khalas F. "Kasancewa a cikin Chess Kingdom" (2016).
8. Kalinichenko NM "Darasi na kwarewa don samari na matasa" (2016).
9. Trofimova AS "Asirin cin nasara ga matasa 'yan wasa" (2016).
10. Chandler M. «Chess ga yara. Sanya mahaifi uwar! "(2015).

Har ila yau muna ba da shawara ka fahimtar kanka da ka'idodin wasan kwaikwayo na backgammon da masu bincike.