A cikin tarihin Burtaniya akwai abubuwa da yawa waɗanda suka kasance suna kiyaye su a dutse, ko kuma wajen - a cikin tsarin gine-gine. Hasumiyar Hasumiyar London ko Hasumiyar ("Hasumiyar" a Turanci da kuma fassara shi ne "hasumiya") daidai ne irin waɗannan wurare kuma yana nufin. Bugu da kari, wannan tsari mai girma ya kasance daya daga cikin alamomin Birtaniya, don haka sha'awacin baƙi na mulkin bai tsaya ba. Hasumiyar Tsaro a London yana daya daga cikin tsofaffi. Don fahimtar abin da Tower of London ya shahara ga, yana da kyau a yi tafiya a cikin tarihinsa, wanda aka ƙidaya kusan kusan ƙarni arba'in.
Tarihin zamanin d ¯ a
Bari mu fara da lokacin da aka kafa Hasumiyar London. Bisa ga takardun da suka tsira, an aiwatar da wannan tsari na karewa bisa umarnin Wilhelm I a 1078. Mai mulkin, wanda ya ci Ingila kawai, ya dauki nauyin gina wani sansanin soja wanda zai tsoratar da Anglo-Saxoni tare da irinsa. A kan shafin na katako na katako ya bayyana siffofin ban sha'awa (mita 32x36x30) gina dutse mai dadi, fentin da lemun tsami. Abin da ya sa aka lasafta shi a fadar White Tower.
Daga bisani, yawan ƙarfin nan ya karu ta hanyar gina gine-gine masu karfi da kuma hasumiyoyi masu yawa, wanda aka gina karkashin Sarki Richard "Lionheart". Har ila yau, akwai tsattsauran kariya mai zurfi. Idan muka yi magana game da wanda ya gina Hasumiyar London a London, to, William I da Sarki Richard na iya ɗauka sunan wanda ya kafa, yayin da ƙoƙarin su ya juya tsarin ya zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan waɗanda ba a iya samun nasara a Turai.
| | | |
Kasashen White Tower
Tarihin Hasumiyar Birnin London an rushe shi cikin mummunan abubuwan da suka faru a nan tun 1190. Tun daga wannan lokacin ne Hasumiyar Tsaro ta yi aiki kamar kurkuku. Amma fursunonin nan ba su ƙunshi masu sauki ba. Hasumiyar ta kiyaye garuruwan da suka shiga cikin kunya, masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, waɗanda suka kasance sarakuna da 'yan majalisa. Tsayawa zai iya wuce watanni da yawa, kuma shekaru da dama da yawa. Hukuncin kisa a nan, kuma, ba sababbin ba ne. A cikin ganuwar sansanin soja, sarakunan da dama, manyan jami'ai da manyan jami'ai sun kammala aikin. Fursunonin da aka kasa a matsayi sun kasance sun kai hari a kan Dutse Hill, wanda ya sanya kusa da sansani. Wannan wasan kwaikwayo ya janyo hankalin masu kallo. Shugabannin fursunonin da aka kashe, aka sanya su a kan gungumen azaba, bayan hakan ya zama abin ƙyama ga mazauna garin, tun lokacin da aka sanya su a kan hanyar London. An binne gawar a cikin zurfin cellars karkashin ɗakin sujada. A cewar masana tarihi, kimanin mutane 1,500 ne aka binne a cikin Hasumiyar.
| | | |
Amma akwai wani wuri na Hasumiyar London. Anan a karni na XIII akwai zoo. Mazaunan farko na zoo suna da leopards uku, da giwa da kwalliya. Waɗannan sarakuna sun karbi waɗannan kyauta. Bayan haka tarin ya karu, tun a 1830 dukkan mazaunan sun koma Regent's Park. Kuma fadar White ya zama sashin sashin sarauta. A nan, makamai na sojojin sarauta sun kuma gina su kuma an adana su.
Kotun ta dakatar da Sarki Charles II. Amma tun lokacin yakin duniya na biyu mutane suka fara sake mutuwa. An harbe su, suna zargin zarge-zarge ko cin amana. Kuma kawai a 1952 fadar White Tower ta rasa matsayin kurkuku.
Matsayin halin yanzu
Yau, yankin da Tower yake samuwa shi ne cibiyar kasuwanci da kuma yawon shakatawa na London . A cikin castle kanta tana aiki a gidan kayan gargajiya, amma babban manufar shi shine kare dukiyar Birtaniya. Masu yawon bude ido ba su haɗu da filin, suna jin dadin katangar ganuwar ganuwar, gine-ginen da aka sassaƙa da sanduna. Binciken mai ban mamaki da masu tsaron gidan, masu kula da hasumiya, da garken raguna. An ƙaunace su kuma suna ƙaunar da su a nan, domin labari na tsuttsauran Tower na London ya gaya mana cewa tare da ɓacewar tsuntsaye, bala'o'i za su fada a kan birnin.
| | | |
