Macrolide maganin rigakafi

Mun kasance muna tunanin cewa maganin rigakafi ne magunguna don mummunan yanayin, amma akwai wasu kwayoyi marasa lafiya wadanda zasu iya magance kamuwa da cuta a hanyoyi guda biyu kuma a lokaci guda suna da mummunar tasiri akan jikin mutum. Wadannan magungunan "fararen fata" sune macrolides. Mene ne na musamman game da su?

"Wa" wane macrolides ne?

Wadannan maganin rigakafi suna da tsarin sunadarai masu haɗari, da alamun abin da zasu fahimta, yaya zai zama mawuyacin idan baku kasance mai nazarin halittu ba. Amma za mu yi ƙoƙari mu fahimta. Don haka, ƙungiyar macrolides abu ne wanda ya ƙunshi nauyin macrocyclic lactone, wanda za'a iya samun lambobi daban daban na carbon atom. Bisa ga wannan mahimmancin, wadannan kwayoyi sun kasu kashi 14 da 16 da suka hada da macrolides da azalides, wanda ya ƙunshi 15 carbon carbon. Wadannan maganin rigakafi sune a matsayin mahadi na asali na halitta.

Na farko shine erythromycin (a shekarar 1952), wanda har yanzu likitoci ke girmama shi. Daga bisani, a cikin shekarun 70 zuwa 80, an gano macrolides na yau da kullum, wanda nan da nan ya sauka zuwa kasuwanci kuma ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin fadace-fadace. Wannan ya zama abin sha'awa don kara nazarin macrolides, saboda abin da yau jerin su yafi yawa.

Yaya Macrolides zai yi aiki?

Wadannan abubuwa sun shiga cikin kwayoyin microbe kuma sun rusa kira na gina jiki a kan ribosomes. Hakika, bayan irin wannan harin, wani kamuwa da cuta mai kamuwa da cuta. Bugu da ƙari, aikin antimicrobial, macrolides maganin rigakafi suna da immunomodulatory (tsara rigakafin) da kuma aikin anti-inflammatory (amma sosai matsakaici).

Wadannan kwayoyi sun fi dacewa da maganin cututtukan kwayoyin halitta, ƙananan microbacteria da sauran nakasa wanda ke haifar da pertussis, mashako, ciwon huhu, sinusitis da sauran cututtuka. Kwanan nan, an tabbatar da juriya (ana amfani da kwayoyi kuma basu ji tsoron maganin maganin rigakafin maganin rigakafi), amma sababbin macrolides suna riƙe da aikin su dangane da mafi yawan pathogens.

Menene macrolides aka bi da su?

Daga cikin alamun nuna amfani da wadannan kwayoyi sune irin cututtukan kamar:

Har ila yau, macrolides na sababbin tsararru sunyi maganin toxoplasmosis, kuraje (a cikin mummunan tsari), gastroenteritis, cryptosporidiosis da sauran cututtuka da cututtuka suka haifar. Ana amfani da maganin cututtukan magunguna na macrolide don prophylaxis - in dentistry, rheumatology, a cikin aiki a kan babban hanji.

Contraindications da sakamako masu illa

Kamar dukkanin kwayoyi, macrolides suna da jerin abubuwan da ba a ke so ba tare da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, amma ya kamata a lura cewa wannan lissafin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da sauran maganin rigakafi. Macrolides ana daukar su ne mafi yawan wadanda basu da guba da lafiya a cikin irin maganin. Amma a cikin lokuta masu mahimmanci, wadannan halayen da ba'a so ba zasu yiwu:

Shirye-shirye na rukuni na macrooids suna da alaƙa:

Tare da kulawa da wadannan kwayoyi kamata a bi da marasa lafiya tare da hanta hanta da aikin koda.

Menene macrolides?

Mun lissafa mafi yawan sanannun macrolides na sabuwar tsara, suna dogara da tsayayinsu.

  1. Halitta: oleandomycin, erythromycin, spiramycin, midecamycin, leucomycin, josamycin.
  2. Semisynthetic: roxithromycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycin, flurithromycin, azithromycin, rookitamycin.

Wadannan abubuwa suna aiki a maganin kwayoyin halitta, sunayen da zai iya bambanta daga sunayen macrolides. Alal misali, a shirye-shiryen "Azitroks" abu mai amfani shine macrolide-azithromycin, kuma a cikin ruwan sama "Zinerit" - erythromycin.