Bisa ga lura da cibiyoyin kwakwalwa, wani ciwon zuciya mai tsanani ya nuna magungunan da ake bukata na gaggawa. Mafi yawan mace-mace saboda wannan rashin lafiya ne saboda rashin ilmi game da bayyanuwar cutar. Ka yi la'akari da su, kiran abubuwan da ke haifar da ilimin cututtuka, algorithm na farko taimako.
Ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta
Kalmar "ƙananan ciwon zuciya na zuciya (myocardium)" a cikin kwayar cutar yawanci ana bayyana shi a matsayin cin zarafi, inda akwai canji a cikin jini, tare da raguwar haɓakar oxygen, wadda take kaiwa ga necrosis na zuciya. Sashe na cikin kwayoyin sun mutu. A madadin su, an kafa maganin a cikin lokaci. Dangane da lalacewar lalacewar, wurin wurin necrosis, rarrabe:
- infarction na bango na baya;
- rikice-rikice na ƙyama.
A farkon nau'in cin zarafi akwai lalacewar hagu na hagu. Laminin shi yana gaba ɗaya, wanda ya hana jinin jini mai kyau zuwa zuciya. Lokacin da bango na baya ya shafi, haƙƙin ƙwaƙwalwar maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta ƙare. Daga cikin yiwuwar haddasa cututtuka, likitoci sun gabatar da ischemia (98% na lokuta). A wannan yanayin, suturar na jijiyoyin jini suna iya lalatawa - canje-canjen atherosclerotic. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya mai tsanani zai iya faruwa saboda:
- coronary artery thrombosis ;
- malformations na arteries;
- blockage na manyan jini da sassa na neoplasms;
- wani tsari mai kumburi wanda ke rinjayar suturar jijiyoyin jini;
- raga na sashe masu fadi da ke ci gaba da ilimi bayan hematoma;
- yin amfani da abubuwan narcotic, wanda ke haifar da spasm na arteries (coke, amphetamine);
- raunin injiniya, turawar wutar lantarki;
- sakamakon aikin tiyata.
Zuciyar zuciya mai tsanani - bayyanar cututtuka, alamun farko
An bayyana cututtukan cututtukan zuciya mai tsanani. Abu na farko da irin wannan marasa lafiya ya lura yana da ƙarfi, sau da yawa da ciwo a cikin hagu na kirji ko a baya da ƙirjin ƙirjin, wadda take haskakawa cikin hannu, da ƙananan jaw, da hagu na hagu. Akwai matsala mai zafi don akalla minti 30. Sakamakon bambancin cuta shine rashin rashin lafiya na Nitroglycerin .
Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci, ana ganin rashin jin dadi, mai haƙuri yana jin dadi ga abin da yake raguwa. Bugu da ƙari, za a iya rubuta waɗannan masu zuwa:
- sanyi gumi;
- vomiting;
- Nausea;
- ragewan karfin jini.
Ƙananan haɗari yana nufin abubuwan da ke tattare da bayyanar cututtuka sune halayyar. Akwai 5 matakai:
- Lokaci na prodrome (preinfarction). An bayyana ta karuwa a yawan adadin annobar angina.
- Lokacin mafi kyau. Yana jinkirta tsawon awa 0.5-2. Halin halayyar ciwo, gumi, canje-canje a cikin zuciya, saukarwar jini.
- Wani lokaci mai ma'ana. Lokaci yana da kwanaki 2-10. An bayyana ta hanyar aiwatar da sashin necrosis a cikin ƙwayar zuciya. Cutar ta ragu, amma zuciyar zuciya ta rushe, yanayin jiki ya tashi.
- Subacute. Ana yin makonni 4-5. A wannan lokaci, an kafa tsararra a kan shafin yanar-gizon nama. An dawo da zuciya ta zuciya, ciwo mai ciwo ya ɓace gaba ɗaya, matsin lamba ya zama cikakke.
- Postinfarction. Lokacin yana ɗaukar watanni 3-6. A cikin zuciya likitoci sun yi rajistar, tare da taimakon duban dan tayi, wani karuwa a cikin nau'in dabbar da ke fama. An yi amfani da jiki a hankali don sababbin yanayi.
Taimako na farko don ciwon zuciya
Haka kuma cututtuka na bukatar gaggawa. Dole ne a ba da taimako na farko don ƙaddamar da mummunan ƙananan matsala a kan shafin. Abubuwan alƙawari na ayyukan abokan tarayya ko dangi ya kamata suyi jerin haka:
- Kasa, tsaftace tufafi masu ɗamara, abin wuya.
- Idan za ta yiwu, ka ƙarfafa mai haƙuri.
- Ka ba da kwayoyi da suka dakatar da ciwo: Nitroglycerin, Aspirin.
- Kira motar motar.
Zuciyar zuciya mai tsanani - sakamakon, sauƙin tsira
Tare da irin wannan cin zarafin a matsayin mummunan zuciya, sakamakon, nasara na sakamako mai nasara zai dogara ne akan lokacin farawar farfadowa. A cewar kididdigar, marasa lafiya 40 daga cikin 100 suka mutu a lokacin da aka fara aiki. Bugu da ƙari, a lokacin da masu lura da likitoci suka yi la'akari da yankin yankin da ya shafa, wanda ya shafi sakamakon. Hanyoyi masu tasowa a wannan farfadowa sune:
- tsufa;
- hauhawar jini a cikin mahaifa;
- bayyanar alamun alamar zuciya ta rikici.
Ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta
Kwayar da kanta tana da babban mutuwa. Saboda wannan, an yi asibiti a cikin minti 30 na farko na farkon bayyanar cututtuka. Don haka dole ne ku iya iya ƙayyade zuciya mai tsanani, sakamakon haka zai iya zama kamar haka:
- Rupture na zuciya tsoka. Yana kaiwa ga mutuwa. Ya faru a cikin rana ɗaya na infarction. A wannan yanayin, bango na ventricle na hagu yana kai tsaye.
- Abin mamaki na cardiogenic. An lura da shi saboda mummunar infarction inda launi na bango na baya (suturar jini) ya faru. Yana tasowa lokacin da aka gyara kwayar necrosis fiye da kashi 40 cikin dari na myocardium. Tare da damuwa na zuciya na cardiogenic, lethality ya kai 90%.
- Harshen kwaminis. Rashin haɗari a cikin rashin taimako zai iya kai ga almaolar edema. Irin wannan nau'in yana da halin rashin ƙarfi, numfashi mai raunana, yaduwar ruɗa, taya tare da spurum na ruwan hoda (mai sauƙin zuciya).
A cikin marasa lafiya wadanda suka sha wahala irin wannan cin zarafi a farkon farkon lokacin dawowa, har ila yau akwai matsalolin:
- mitral insufficiency (a cikin 25-50% na marasa lafiya);
- anerysm na ventricle hagu (10-15%);
- thromboembolism (10%);
- ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya;
- atrial fibrillation.
Ƙananan kashe-kashen jaraba - sakamakon
Wannan nau'i na cuta sau da yawa yana da ƙananan cututtuka. Saboda wannan, marasa lafiya ba su da tsammanin babban ciwon zuciya, sakamakon haka suna kama da wadanda aka ambata a sama. Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan nau'i na halin kirki yana samo asali ne mai zurfi - yanayin rayuwa idan yanayin haɗin bango na baya ya fi girma. Daga cikin yiwuwar hadarin haɗari na cin zarafin sune:
- Dressler ta ciwo;
- rikice-rikice na rhythm;
- thromboembolism;
- ciwon zuciya na cardiogenic.
Zuciyar zuciya mai tsanani - jiyya
Rikicin yana buƙatar asibiti da kuma kulawa mai tsanani. Tare da irin wannan ilimin cututtuka a matsayin mummunan zuciya, sauƙin rayuwa ya dogara ne akan yadda aka ba da asibiti da gaggawa gaggawa. A cewar masanin ilimin likita, idan an dauki mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti a cikin minti 30 daga lokacin da aka fara kai farmaki, bayyanar alamar farko, yiwuwar sakamako mai kyau shine babban. A wannan yanayin, zaɓi:
- da kwayoyi don inganta hemodynamics - Prasugrel, Plavix, Clopidogrel;
- da kwayoyi da rage zafi - analgesics, Nitroglycerin
- antiarrhythmic - Amiodarone;
- antioagulants - Streptokinase, streptodeacase;
- thrombolytics - Heparin, Aspirin.
Zuciyar zuciya mai tsanani - aikin tiyata
Kaddamar da mummunan infarction na ƙananan lokaci sau da yawa ya zama nuni ga ƙwayar miki. Wata hanyar da ta dace a cikin wannan yanayin shine angioplasty - sake mayar da hankalin suturar jini ta hanyar sutura. Yana bada tasoshin jiragen sama da adadin da ake bukata, wanda zai haifar da yaduwar jini, ya rage nauyin a cikin zuciya.
Jaddada bayan babban ciwon zuciya
An kaddamar da mummunan ƙananan ƙaddara, wanda sakamakon abin da aka tattauna a sama, kusan kullum yana buƙatar sabuntawa na tasoshin. Wannan hanya ne wanda ba shi da ƙwayar jikin mutum ne. Aikin yana buƙatar samun kayan aiki masu dacewa da likitocin likita. Jigon da kanta shine babban bututu, ma'aunin kashi ɗaya ya dace da wannan maganin.
Nawa ne suke rayuwa bayan babban ciwon zuciya?
Tare da irin wannan cin zarafin a matsayin mummunan zuciya, mai ganewa shi ne saboda lokacin da aka ba da magani, yankin da tsohuwar zuciya ta shafi. Ya kamata mu tuna cewa pathology kanta yana tare da angina pectoris. Lokacin da ba shi da tushe, 30% na marasa lafiya sun mutu watanni 1-3 bayan harin. Bisa ga lura da ilimin lissafi, daga cikin marasa lafiya da suka kamu da asibiti, mace 10% ne.
Rayuwa bayan ciwon zuciya
Daidaitawa da shawarwari da umarnin likitan - dalilin dorewa. Gina mai gina jiki bayan an rage zuciya mai tsanani ya kamata a daidaita. Daga likitan abinci likitoci sun bada shawara don ware jita-jita maras yisti, kayan yaji da kyafaffen. Kwana goma na farko dole ne biye da abinci maras calorie, ƙayyade amfani da ruwa. Dalili akan abinci mai gina jiki a mataki na farko na gyarawa shine hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan daji, kayan wankin kayan lambu.
Bayan wata daya, lokacin da tsabar ta fara farawa, akwai buƙatar samfurori da ke dauke da potassium. Wannan kwayar cutar ta kai tsaye ta rage rashin tausayi, ta ba da gudummawa wajen kawar da ƙwayar jiki ta jiki, yana ƙaruwa da karfin zuciya. Ya ƙunshi:
- kirki ba;
- farin kabeji;
- almonds;
- gyada;
- prunes.