Kusan duk masu farawa na furen suna sha'awar azalea, kula a gida don shuka mai ban mamaki. Wannan furen ya zo mana daga wata ƙasa ta kudu maso gabashin Asia, inda akwai yanayin sauyi daban-daban, saboda haka kana bukatar samun wasu ilimin don samar da yanayi mai kyau ga shi a windowsill.
Azaleas - Dabbobi
Azaleas yana cikin iyalin karan da kuma jinsin rhododendrons. Ganye yana da tsarrai da ƙananan asalinsu, kuma tushe yana da iko kamar itace dwarfish. Ganye na cikin launi na cikin gida shine leathery, ƙanana da m, bayan ƙarshen lokacin flowering suna fadawa. Ba zaku iya bayyana azalea ba tare da tsayawa daki-daki a kan kyawawan buds ba. Yawancin furanni masu furanni guda biyu na iya zama monophonic ko bicolour, tare da petals daga farin zuwa cikakken haske.
A Turai, tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa ya nuna godiya ga masu aikin jirgin ruwa na Holland, wadanda suka kawo shi daga asalin Japan da China. A baya an kira azaleas orinamental deciduous tukunya tukunyar furanni da 5 stamens a kan flower, da kuma rhododendrons - yafi titin manyan Evergreen shrubs da 10 stamens. Yanzu za ku iya samu a cikin kasusuwan sunayen biyu don iri iri ɗaya, wanda ba a la'akari da kuskuren kuskure ba. Don kauce wa kuskuren, lokacin sayen flower ta hanyar imel, karanta a hankali ta bayanin.
Babban iri azaleas:
- Azalea Jafananci ne. Sunan madadin shine ruthodendron wawa. Ya girma a cikin nau'i na ƙananan bishiyoyi har zuwa 50 cm a tsawo. Tsarin tukunya yana da ƙananan yada.
- Azalea Indiya ne. Wani madadin sunan shine Sims rhododendron. Ƙasar ƙasar ta wannan iri-iri ne kasashen Asiya. Bisa ga bishin daji na Indiya azalea tare da dwarf girma har zuwa rabin mita, yawancin cultivars an samu.
Yaya za a kula azalea?
Cikin cikin gida azalea - ƙananan furanni, kulawa a gida don wannan tukunyar kayan ado yana buƙatar kulawa, lokaci, mai tsayayya da ka'idoji don bunkasa shuke-shuke. Idan ka kawai dasa kayan dwarf rhododendron da aka saya a cikin shagon a kan taga sill a wuri mai dumi da bushe, to, bishiya mai banƙyama zai iya halaka.
Yadda za'a samar da azaleas kulawa a gida:
- Haske haske - wannan flower yana jin dadi a cikin penumbra.
- Don rhododendrons yana buƙatar matsanancin zafi, a cikin yanayin gidan da kake buƙatar yin spraying artificial.
- A cikin kulawa da za a yi a lokacin dacewa ta dace da dacewa.
- An haramta haɓaka ƙasa a cikin tukwane, tsire-tsire masu sassauci a jiki kuma suna iya lalace.
- Temperatuur - a cikin hunturu wajibi ne a rike tukunya a cikin yanayi mai sanyi a 10-14 ° C, a lokacin rani kada ya tashi sama da 18 ° C.
- Ƙasa - a kula da rhododendrons, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ƙasa acidic tare da filayen misalin 4-4.5 pH.
- Domin kyakkyawar kyakkyawan furanni ya yi farin ciki da kyau azalea, kulawa a gida ya kamata ya kunshi abinci na yau da kullum, zai fi dacewa don wannan dalili don sayan samfurori na musamman ga rhododendrons.
Yaya za a iya dashi azalea a gida?
Dole ne a canza tukunya mai tukunya zuwa wani sabon tukunya a kowace shekara, ana shuka su a cikin shekaru biyu ko uku. Halin kuskure shine kuskuren tsarin tsarin duniya. A wannan yanayin, yadda ya kamata a dasa shi azalea, ya fi dacewa don adana ƙaƙƙarfarsa kuma ya kange kansa zuwa ƙarin kayan ado mai gina jiki. Dangane da tsarin tushen tushen, baza ku iya saya kwantena mai zurfi ba don rhododendrons, ta yin amfani da tukwane masu ado a cikin dakin.
Azalea - haifuwa a gida
Anyi amfani da irin yadda ake haifa ta hanyar masu sana'a masu furanni, masoya zasu iya bada shawarar hanyoyin da za su iya yin amfani da kayan lambu wadanda suke da sauƙi don aiwatarwa kuma suna bada sakamako mai zurfi. A cikin matsala na yadda za a ninka azalea , yana da kyau a yi amfani da cututtuka mai tsaka-tsire-tsire har zuwa 8 cm tsawo. An samo kayan kirki daga farkon bazara zuwa Yuni a cikin ruwa mai kwakwalwa. Don samun sakamako na greenhouse, ana gudanar da tsari a cikin greenhouses ko a karkashin gilashin gilashin a zafin jiki na 25 ° C. Wani hanya mai mahimmanci na haifuwa shi ne tushen ɓangaren katako mai shekaru mai shekaru 3.
Yadda za a yanka azalea?
Tambayoyi game da yadda za a datsa azalea bayan flowering da kuma lokacin wane lokaci don samar da wannan tsari, damu da dukkan masu fararen furanni. Tsarin iri na farawa a cikin Maris-Afrilu, da marigayi - daga May zuwa Yuni. Wajibi ne don rage gandun daji na bara kuma ku yanke dukkan harbe marasa dacewa. Don ƙaddara ƙananan shrubs girma daga rike, an cire tarkon a tsayin har zuwa 12 cm daga ƙasa. Gilashin girma yana bukatar a juya shi a kusa da bayanan don haskakawa na kambi.
A ƙasa ga azaleas
Ƙasa ga dakin azaleas mafi kyau ya dace da acid acid a kusa da pH 4.5. A gida, yanayi mafi kyau shine aka haɗu da haɗuwa da ƙasa coniferous (2 sassa), peat (1 part) da ƙananan juzu'i na kogin yashi. Idan ba za'a iya samuwa daga cikin gida ba, to, yan koyo zasu iya sayan kayan ado da aka yi don rhododendrons ko wasu furanni da suka girma a cikin ƙasa mai acid.
Yaya ruwa azalea?
Kullum watering azaleas a kula shi ne kyawawa don samar da thawed ko ruwan sama, acidified da citric acid. Don samun bayani mai buƙata, ana tafe nau'i na lu'ulu'u na acid a cikin lita na wani tasiri da kuma warkewa zuwa ruwa mai zafin jiki. Rashin ruwa mai zurfi ko bushewa yana kaiwa zuwa mutuwar shuka, a lokacin kaka ya kamata a rage yawan mita watering. Don yin wanka a cikin rani mai zafi, ana tukunya tukunya tare da azalea a cikin pails tare da ruwa.
Me ya sa ba ya azatar fure?
Mutanen da suka damu game da tsire-tsire a gida suna damuwa game da matsalar dalilin da yasa azaleas ba su yi fure ba. Rhododendron yana da matukar damuwa da duk wani canji a yanayin yanayi. Don wa annan ɗakunan wanzuwa suna da muhimmanci don ƙirƙirar hunturu a kan baranda ko loggia tare da zafin jiki na 8-10 ° C da kuma rage lokaci na watering don kwanciya buds. Lokacin da buds ya bayyana, za mu ɗaga yawan zafin jiki zuwa 12-16 ° C. Hanya na biyu na al'ada azaleas na al'ada shi ne amfani da ƙasa acid da kuma takin mai magani na musamman a kula.
Cututtuka na azalea
Dabun cututtuka na daban-daban cututtuka na iya bambanta, a kowane hali, ya kamata ka yi la'akari da furanni kuma ka tabbatar da ainihin dalilin saɓin girma. A kula da cututtuka azalea da kwari suna shafar sau da yawa. A wannan yanayin, zai iya zubar da ganye ko kuma dakatar da furanni, ƙwayoyin da ke dauke da kwayar cutar suna da kwarjini a jikin ganye. Cutar da fungi suna amfani da magungunan gargajiya ko shirye-shirye na musamman. A gida, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta, waɗanda basu da lahani ga mutane, amma suna da kyakkyawar sakamako mai warkarwa.
Babban kwari na azalea:
- azalium mole;
- greenhouse whitefly;
- mealy tsutsa ;
- strawberry mite;
- gizo-gizo gizo-gizo ;
- rwododendron kwaro.
Babban cututtuka na azalea:
- fusariosis;
- launin toka ;
- yankakken man fetur ;
- tsatsa;
- Alamar aiki;
- Alamar hanyar sadarwa;
- chlorosis;
- necrosis.