Dyslexia - menene shi, sanannun mutane da dyslexia

Dyslexia - mece ce: rashin lafiya, ilimin lissafi ko sakaci na ayyukan wasu sassa na kwakwalwa? A kowane hali, dyslexia mutum ne - likitoci sunyi imani. A cewar kididdigar, ga yara maza biyar da ke fama da wannan batu, akwai yarinya. Daga cikin hagu na hagu na sama fiye da na mutanen hagu.

Dyslexia - menene?

Rashin yin la'akari da alamun alamu, alamomi, kuma, sabili da haka, fitowar mawuyacin fahimtarwa - kamar yadda dyslexia ya nuna, a cikin kulawar likita na kasa na ICD - 10. Kalmar "dyslexia" na tsohon zamanin Girkanci -ceta , λέξις - magana. Dyslexics su ne mutanen da suke da wuyar fahimtar kwarewar karatu, rubutu. Dislexia da aka saukar a cikin tsofaffi alama ce ta rashin kulawa da gyaran cutar a lokacin yaro.

Dalilin dyslexia

Dyslexia yana faruwa ne a cikin mutane da cikakken isasshen hankali (har zuwa 5%), tare da siffofin bunkasa tunanin mutum (25-50%). Hanyoyin dyslexia ba cikakke ne ga kwararrun ba, amma babban abin da ke faruwa a cikin abin da ya faru shi ne wani abu wanda ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta ko jigilar kwayoyin halitta a cikin lalacewa (a cikin 70% na lokuta). Babu wani mahimmancin muhimmancin wasu mawuyacin dyslexia:

Dyslexia - bayyanar cututtuka

Sakamakon ganewa na dyslexia zai iya haifar da matsalolin kuma ya zama alamar rashin lafiyar cututtuka mafi tsanani. Iyaye, malamai zasu iya lura da matsaloli na musamman na yaron a horon, wanda shine dalilin ziyarci wani gwani. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci don kula da hankali: matakin yaudara na gaba ya dace da yawan shekarun haihuwa. Kwayoyin cututtuka na dyslexia:

Irin dyslexia

Mahimmin bayyanar cututtuka ba dole ba ne ya nuna kasancewar dukkanin bayyanar, kuma bayyanar cututtuka ta dogara ne, na farko, a kan irin matsalar. Masana sun gano siffofin dyslexia:

  1. Dyslexia dyslexia - halin da ake magana da baya, ƙaddamar da jumlalin layi : lokuta, lokuta, ƙarshen an yarda da shi daidai ba: "Ina so in je titin," "motley cat".
  2. Kwayoyin waya (m) dyslexia shine mafi yawan yara a cikin ƙananan yara. Akwai sabuntawa na sassauci, haɗuwa da haruffa a kan wani abu mai rarrabe a cikin waɗannan kalmomi da ɓarna na tsarin kalma (com-lom, gida-abokai, pine-famfo, mu-taya).
  3. Dstlexlexia mai zurfi - tare da wannan nau'i, akwai matsaloli wajen ƙayyade haruffa a cikin sautin magana ko kalma.
  4. Dyslexia Semantic - karatun ba abu mai wuya ba, amma "ma'anan" kuma kowane kalma ana tsammanin shi keɓewa daga dukan rubutun kuma ma'anar dyslexic ba za'a iya bayyana ba.
  5. Dyslexia mai mahimmanci - yana nuna kanta a hanyoyi daban-daban: slipping lokacin karantawa zuwa wasu layi na rubutu, madaidaicin karanta (daga dama zuwa hagu), rashin fahimtar haruffa da ke kunshe da abubuwa masu kama, amma tare da wurare daban-daban (I-N-P).
  6. Dyslexia yana da kama da dyslexia na daki , amma yana da mahimmanci kawai ga mutane makãho. Lokacin karatun Litattafan Braille, yatsunsu suna zamewa zuwa wasu layi, rikicewar haruffa da irin wannan rubutun.

Dyslexia da dysgraphia

Dyslexia wani cututtuka ne sau da yawa tare da wasu matsaloli. Labaran abu ne na cin zarafin rubutu. Yayinda yake rubuta rubutun daga yaron, ana gyara sifofin, an rubuta haruffa a cikin madubi. Rubutun rubutun ya cika da kurakurai, rashin haruffa da alamomi. Dysgraphia na iya kasancewa mai zaman kanta, hankali a lokaci daya, da kuma dyslexia ana kiyaye su.

Jiyya na dyslexia

Sakamakon takamaiman magani na dyslexia ba su wanzu. A baya an gano wannan cuta, za'a iya gudanar da ayyukan daban-daban don inganta aikin yaron. Sakamakon gyaran dyslexia ne mai maganin kwantar da hankali yayi, kuma tare da cututtuka masu haɗaka, likitan ne, likitan psychiatrist, an hada magungunan ophthalmologist. Shirin gyaran ya haɗa da wadannan ayyukan:

Mutane masu daraja da dyslexia

Dyslexia - cututtuka na masu hankali, akwai ra'ayi tsakanin wasu kwararrun - wanda zai iya tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar nazarin tarihin mutanen da aka san suna fama da rashin lafiya, wanda bai hana su yin nasara ba, don su zama sanannun sana'a da kuma masu sha'awar jama'a. Dyslexia daga cikin masu shahararrun mutanen da suka ci nasara akan ɗakansu, kuma sun zama misali mai kyau, wanda bai kamata ya damu ga wasu ba:

  1. Vladimir Mayakovsky - sanannen marubucin Soviet tare da wahalar karanta, yana cikin "rashin daidaituwa" tare da rubutu.
  2. Keanu Reeves - a matsayin yaro, ya zama mai janyewa saboda rashin iya karantawa sosai, ɗayan abokansa sun kira shi marawa.
  3. Quentin Tarantino - wanda ya zama mai haɗari da kuma mai haɗaka mai haɗaka, ya zama abin ba'a ga abokan aiki, koyar da shi da wahala.
  4. Cher - a makaranta ta fuskanci matsaloli a cikin karatun, rubutu da kuma matsaloli a cikin lambobi 6-9.
  5. Keira Knightley - ciwon daji ya koyar da aikin kai da kuma juriya a cikin matsaloli.

Dyslexia - littattafai

Dyslexia - menene kuma yadda za a kawar da dyslexia ga wani mutum mai girma a kansu. Duk waɗannan tambayoyin suna tashe a cikin wallafe-wallafen akan dyslexia:

  1. Kyautar Dyslexia ta R. Davis
  2. "Kyauta na Kwarewa" R. Davis
  3. "Daidaitawa na dyslexia mai zane" E. Mazanova
  4. "Dyslexia ko Me ya sa ..." T. Voronina
  5. "Dyslexia na kwakwalwa. A waje da sananne "T. Goguadze