Idan kana so ka sami naman ka a kan teburin, noma da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bayan su zasu iya cimma nasara sosai. An tsara su ne a cikin jinsin Solanaceae a kan layi tare da tumatir, dankali da barkono, amma namomin "blue", kamar yadda ake kira su gidaje, yana da halaye na kansa.
Yankakken kayan lambu don bude ƙasa
Don amfanin gona a fili yana ba da shawarwari don zaɓar mafi kyawun amfanin gona, da ba da ladabi da kuma samfurori masu launin fari. Sun bambanta a cikin girman da siffar 'ya'yan itace, lokutta na farawa, ko da tabarau na kayan lambu, sai dai lilac, akwai man zaitun, da kiwo, m, da ragu. Mafi kyau iri na eggplant don bude ƙasa:
- Alekseevsky shine azumi, nau'in halitta, daji har zuwa 70 cm cikin girman. Kayan lambu, 145 grams, m kuma ba tare da haushi ba.
- Robin Hood - alamar yana da mahimmanci a jure yanayin mummunan yanayi, daji yana girma har zuwa 1 m, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da yawa - har zuwa 300 g. Kayan lambu suna Lilac, mai kyau don adanawa.
- Diamond - saɗar rikodi na samfurin (8 kg ta 1 m 2 ), dwarf shrub zuwa 56 cm, 'ya'yan itatuwa m purple, 165 grams, jiki tare da kore.
- Bikin fata mai ban sha'awa - yana fita waje tare da nauyin 'ya'yan itace mai nauyi (kimanin 200 g), wanda yake da yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma juriya ga cututtuka.
- Fic F1 - dace da namo a mafi yawan kasar, teardrop-like purple-duhu 'ya'yan itatuwa ripen da wuri.
Gwargwadon bishiyoyi a cikin ƙasa
Blue ne dumi, al'adar ƙauna. Ana dasa tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi an shirya a kan wani shafi inda hasken rana ke saukewa ƙasa, babu iska mai sanyi. Zaɓin substrates don blue suna da kyau aerated, yashi da kuma loamy mahadi. Ƙananan waɗanda aka ƙera su ne tare da peat ko humus a cikin guga da 1 m 2 . Eggplant - nightshade, girma da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude an yarda a gaba da barkono da tumatir, kuma ba bayan su. Mafi kyawun kaddamarwa don blue shine karas, albasa, kabeji, cucumbers, Peas, melons.
Yaya za a dasa gonar a cikin ƙasa mai bude?
Sinenki fi son zafi, kada ku tsaya da sanyi kuma a cikin yanayi mai matsakaici an horar da shi tare da taimakon seedlings. Eggplant, girma da waje kula - shiri na kayan don dasa:
- lokacin shuka - tsakiyar Maris;
- Ana zaba tsaba na rabin sa'a tare da maganin manganese, ana kiyaye su cikin ruwan zafi (+ 50 ° C) na minti ashirin;
- hatsi baza a kan auduga ulu dashi, moisturize, za su proklyutsya bayan kwanaki 6-7;
- don seedlings dauki tarin ƙasa mai kyau, humus da yashi mai kyau a cikin hade da 5: 3: 1;
- don shuka shi ne ainihin tukwane ko kwantena kwakwalwa, ana kara zurfin granula da 1 cm;
- tsaba da aka rufe da littafin Cellophane, shayarwa, an kiyaye a + 25 ° C;
- lokacin da matasa greenery ya bayyana, an kiyaye a + 16 ° C, a yanka watering.
- kafin sauka a cikin kwalliya don kwanakin kwanaki 2-3 a cikin rana don mintina 15 don kakar ganye a wani wuri na titi;
- lokacin shirye-shirye don seedlings shine kwanaki 60-75.
Yasa dasa seedling na eggplant a bude ƙasa ne yake aikata idan harbe suna da biyar ganye da kuma 10-centimeter tushen. Don yin wannan, an kafa rami, an zuba ta da ruwa mai dumi, an dasa seedlings a cikin kayan da aka kafa kafin a fara da biyu na ganye tare da dunƙule ƙasa daga akwati. Shuka kafin dasa shuki da kyau. Kasashen da ke kusa da daji suna rammed, yafa masa peat. Shuka seedlings, lura da rata a cikin layuka 60 cm kuma tare da mataki tsakanin samfurori na 40 cm.
A lokacin da za a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa?
Ready seedlings seedlings an sanya shi a cikin ƙasa a lokacin da dasa shuki eggplants a cikin ƙasa bude shi ne riga mai lafiya kuma babu hadarin dare sanyi. Tsarin yanayi na dasawa na seedlings - yawan zafin jiki na duniya yana da shekaru 18 ° C, tsawon lokacin harbe shi ne watanni 2-2.5, tsayinsa kamu 17-25. Domin mafi yawan bangarori na yankuna na Yankin Ƙasar Baƙi, tsawon lokacin dasa shuki na amfanin gona ya fadi a farkon Yuni goma.
Yadda zaka shuka eggplants a cikin ƙasa bude?
Garden aubergines a lokacin namo na buƙatar na yau da kullum loosening na substrate, m watering, aikace-aikace na takin mai magani, iko da weeds, parasites. Wani lokaci ana yaduwa da sukari tare da sukari syrup a lokacin flowering don shawo kan kwari don gurɓata ovaries. Yanayin jinsin farkon jinsin shine kwanaki 100, marigayi - 150. Tattara amfanin gona mai girbi kwanaki 40 bayan flowering. An yanke su da wuka, ana iya adana shudi mai tsabta don wata daya. Kula da duk yanayin kulawa zai ba ka damar samun yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa - 2-8 kg / m 2 .
Mene ne zafin jiki na aubergines a cikin ƙasa?
Turar daji a cikin fili yana buƙatar cika dukan bukatun fasahar noma. Yanayin da ya dace don ci gaban al'adu shine + 25-28 ° C. A karkashin yanayin da ƙasa da + 15 ° C, injin ya hana ci gaban. A korau ko ci gaba da ƙaramin yanayin zafi ya mutu. Mafi yawan kula da irin waɗannan bukatun na seedlings. Ƙananan zafin jiki canje-canje na haifar da fall of buds, ovaries.
Eggplant gadaje a bude ƙasa
Kayan lambu a karkashin lambplant ya kamata a haskaka da kuma tsabtace shi daga weeds. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shi ne shuka seedlings a cikin layuka tare da nisa na ba fiye da mita 1 ba. A lokacin ci gaban, an sauke daji sau biyu tare da ƙasa a karkashin tushen. Young seedlings suna tsoron dare sanyi. Sabili da haka, babu wani abu da za a yi amma rufe lakaran a cikin ƙasa tare da barazanar yanayin sanyi. Don wannan littafin Cellophane yana shimfiɗa a kan filayen waya, an sanya shi a wani tsawo na 1 m a sama da gado. Yi tsabtace shi a farkon yanayin zafi, yawanci bayan Yuni 15.
Ƙasa don eggplant a bude ƙasa
Kasar gona na bukatar m, mai raunana acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Tsire-tsire, girma da kulawa a cikin ƙasa, wanda ya fara a kaka tare da shirye-shirye na ƙasar, kada ku fuskanci wani rashin jin daɗi. Shafukan yanar gizon yana fara zurfi a cikin bayoneti na spade tare da kara da ruwa mai laushi, ba tare da lalacewa ba, disinfected. Don disinfection, dauki 1-2 tbsp jan karfe sulfate da guga na ruwa.
A cikin bazara suna tono zuwa zurfin zurfin, tare da yashi (takin) da takin mai magani: 10-20 g na ammonium nitrate, 40 g na superphosphate, 20 g na potassium chloride da 3 kilogiram na humus da 1 square mita. Bayan gado, ana ɗaga rake da kuma tsabtace shi. A cikin makonni biyu na farko bayan dasa shuki na eggplants, ana shuka shuka, girma da kula da shi ya shafi dole podpushivanie zuwa zurfin 10 cm Wannan hanyar inganta damar samun oxygen zuwa tushen harbe.
Yadda za a samar da eggplant a cikin ƙasa bude?
Domin samun kyakkyawan daji tare da mai karfi mai tushe, an kwashe eggplant a cikin ƙasa. Bayan shuka ya kai kimanin 30 cm a tsawo, ƙananan bishiyoyi sun yanke tip. Daga sabon harbe zabi iko 4-5, wasu stepsons yanke. A kan sauran matakai, za a kafa amfanin gona. A wani samfurin, ba a rage fiye da 20 ovaries ba a lokaci guda, an cire tsaffet, don haka karin samfurori ba sa daukar kayan abinci daga kayan lambu.
Yadda za a ciyar da eggplants a cikin ƙasa bude?
Kwayar gonaki, namo da kulawa a cikin ƙasa, wanda aka gudanar bisa ga agrotechnics, buƙatar ƙarin takin gargajiya. Dokar ciyarwa:
- Fara takin da seedlings na 10-15 days tare da cakuda ma'adanai shirye-shirye: 50 g of superphosphate, da 10 g ammonium nitrate, 20 g da potassium gishiri da lita 10 na ruwa. A gaskiya injin yayi amsa ga kayan shafa tare da ruwa.
- Ana ciyar da abinci na biyu a cikin ƙasa a cikin ƙasa bayan kwanaki 20 bayan an fara, yawancin ma'adanai ya sau 2.
- Dogaye na uku ya zama dole a mataki na samarwa: a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, 80 g na urea da superphosphate da 10 g na potassium chloride sun narkar da.
- Maganin ya fita a karkashin gandun daji, bayan da aka shimfiɗa kayan shuka da ruwa mai tsabta, don kada ya ƙone tushen.
Yaya za a iya yin ruwa da aubergines a cikin ƙasa?
Sinenki - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, kula da aubergines suna bada shawara mai yawa hydrophilous. Na farko, ba a shayar da tsire-tsire ba, amma an shafe, idan ƙasar ta bushe. Na farko watering na seedlings ne da za'ayi bayan kwanaki 3, sa'an nan kuma da safe, kowane mako. A cikin yanayin zafi, yawan saukin haɓaka yana ƙaruwa. Rufe ruwa na tsawon awa 24 ana kiyaye shi daga chlorine a cikin kwantena da aka bude, mai tsanani zuwa 25 ° C. Ruwa na ban ruwa yana kimanin lita 10 da 1 m 2 . Dole ne a zuba ruwa a karkashin tushe, ba fadowa a kan foliage ba. Ba za ku iya ba da izinin samuwar ɓawon burodi ba bayan watering - kulawa da shuka yana nuna loosening.
Features na eggplant namo, cututtuka da kwari
Garden Eggplants wasu daga cikin asirin girma:
- suna ƙaunar haske, shading da tsari a ƙarƙashin kambi na bishiyoyi da shrubs suna jinkirta ci gaban al'adu;
- Ƙasa ƙasa tare da humus bayan dasa shuki yana da sakamako mai kyau a kan blue;
- Tare da rashin ruwan sanyi ya fadi, kayan lambu kuma sunyi kwakwalwa;
- don samun 'ya'yan itatuwa masu girma da kyau, harbe a kan kayan lambu a yanka a matakin 2 a cikin blue. An cire matakai masu ban sha'awa gaba daya;
- A cikin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna rufe tare da gindin wuta don kauce wa bayyanar rot.
Lalaci mai lalacewa ga macalanci a lokacin namo da kulawa a filin bude yana haifar da cututtuka, kwari:
- Na'urar kwayar cutar baƙar fata, ƙananan necrosis. Sun bar spots a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa. A matsayin ma'auni mai tsabta, wajibi ne a tattara tsaba daga kayan lambu mai kyau, ƙazantar da ƙarancin ƙasa da jan karfe sulfate, lalacewar ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire a cikin gadaje masu zuwa.
- Musa na ganye. Kwayar cututtuka na kwayoyi, lalata girbi. Don kariya da kulawa: tsaba suna cike da potassium; da seedlings suna irrigated da madara diluted a cikin ruwa (1:10), sa'an nan kuma rufe tare da fim; Inventory, kayan aiki da kwalaye suna disinfected da potassium permanganate.
- Aphids. Yana ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga harbe, don halakar Carbofos ana amfani.
- Gizo-gizo mite. Selitsya a ƙarƙashin leaf. Don yin gwagwarmaya ana amfani da jiko na albasa ko Dandelion, tare da Bugu da kari na sabulu.
- Slugs. Ciyar da ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Dole ne a yada wajibi kusa da daji don toka, gishiri, barkono ja, ƙurar taba.