Cheremsha (ko albasa ta Bear) wani magani ne da aka sani tun lokacin da. Its ganye da kwararan fitila ne mai arziki a cikin bitamin C da A, mai muhimmanci mai, fructose, salula ma'adinai, phytoncides. Ya na da kwayar cutar da kwayoyin cuta, ana amfani dasu don magance cututtuka, cututtuka na hanji da sauran cututtuka. Ganye da kwararan fitila na tsire-tsire ana amfani dashi don abinci kamar kayan yaji, kamar shaƙewa a cikin kayayyakin burodi, da kvass, marinate da gishiri.
Tun da aka tsara filaye daji a cikin Red Book, ba za a iya tara tsire-tsire ba, don haka ana girma a kan shirye-shiryen gida.
Yadda za a shuka ƙirar daji daga tsaba, za ku koya daga wannan labarin.
Cheremsha - bayanin irin shuka
Cheremsha ne na iyalin albasa. Bayan haka, a ainihin ita ce tafarnuwa. Yana da elongated kwararan fitila har zuwa 1 cm lokacin farin ciki, biyu elongated ganye 3-5 cm fadi, a trihedral kara har zuwa 50 cm high, wanda ƙare a cikin wani multicolored hemispherical laima.
Yankin sashin shuka yana tasowa daga kaka zuwa spring kuma ya mutu a tsakiyar tsakiyar rani. Kwan zuma a ƙarƙashin ƙasa yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru. Cheremsha yana farkawa a farkon bazara, ya yi fure a watan Mayu kuma ya fructifies a Yuni, to, ya yi ritaya. Kowace kwan fitila a kowace shekara tana da 'ya'ya mata biyu.
Samar da tafarnuwa daji zai iya zama kamar tsaba, kuma ya maye gurbin kwararan fitila.
Noma na daji daji daga tsaba
Zai fi kyau shuka shuka tafarnuwa don hunturu, tun lokacin da tsaba ke buƙatar stratification cikin kwanaki 80-100 a zafin jiki na 0-3 ° C. Sown a cikin bazara ba tare da wannan hanya ba zai girma a cikin shekara daya kawai. Don dasa shuki ana bada shawarar yin amfani da tsaba na tafarnuwa da aka girbe a wannan shekara, tun da suna da mafi kyau.
A kan ƙasa mai ƙasƙantar da ruwa, an sanya raƙuman ruwa mai zurfi (zurfin kasa da 1 cm), an ajiye tsaba a cikinsu, an yayyafa su da wani bakin ciki na peat ko humus kuma a cikin jihar mai tsabta. Tabbatar ku lura da iyakokin shafin. Tun da kwararan fitila a shekara ta farko suna da kauri na 1 mm da tsayi mai tsawo har zuwa 10 cm, sa'an nan kuma harbe na tafarnuwa mai sauƙi yana da sauki a cikin gonar a cikin ciyawa, saboda haka wasu lambu suna shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye da aka binne a shafin. Seedlings ya kamata a shayar kuma a hankali weeded.
Sai kawai a shekara ta 3 na girma tsire-tsire ta kai girmanta kuma za'a iya canja shi. Don na hudu shekara da seedlings zai Bloom.
Shuka da kula da ramson
Cheremsha itace inuwa mai ƙauna kuma mai tsabta, amma ba ya son ruwa, kamar yadda yake girma a cikin gandun daji ƙarƙashin itatuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi. Ya dace da mãkirci a cikin inuwa mai shinge ko gidan, ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire. Lokacin da girma a rana, injin zai sami rassan mai kyau da kyau.
An shafe shafukan yanar gizo na weeds, digested da kuma hadu da humus daga ganyen birch, hazel ko elm (2 buckets da 1 sq. M.). A wurare tare da matakan ruwa mai zurfi, halayen ruwa ya zama dole. Sanyun ƙasa dole ne su zama lemun tsami.
Ya kamata a dasa albasa albasa a lokacin dormancy, wato, a watan Agustan Satumba ko farkon lokacin bazara. Suna kullun, suna rarrabe, don kada su lalata tushen. Shuka a layuka ta hanyar 20 cm tsakanin shuke-shuke da 40 cm tsakanin layuka. An sanya kwan fitila a zurfin, zurfin suna daidaita kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari kuma shayar da shi da wani takarda na humus na ganye zuwa 7 cm.
Kula da tafarnuwa ta gari kamar haka:
- Ciyar da weeds;
- kananan loosening na ƙasa;
- na kullum watering yayin da akwai ganye;
- mulching tare da bakin ciki Layer na auku ganye ko leaf humus;
- in babu humus don ciyarwa, zaka iya amfani da taki (1:10) ko tsuntsaye (1:20);
- kariya daga larvae na miner fly - zuba shuke-shuke 1% bayani na tebur gishiri da dare, kuma da safe, kurkura tare da ruwa mai tsabta daga watering iya;
- kare daga tsatsa - fesa tare da jan karfe chloride bayani (1 tablespoon diluted a lita 10 na ruwa) daga 1 tbsp. cokali na sabulu ruwa. An sake maimaita magani bayan makonni 2. Kuna iya cin ganye bayan kwanaki 14, tabbas za ku wanke su sosai.
Tun shekara ta uku, ana iya girbe wani ɓangare na ganyen shuke-shuke, amma kafin flowering. Za ku iya yin gadaje da yawa kuma ku yanke ganye daya bayan daya cikin shekara guda, bari wasu su dawo. Bayan shekaru 6-7, ana amfani da su a cikin sabon wuri.
Tsara lambun daji a shafinka, zaka samar wa iyalin wannan samfurin bitamin a cikin bazara.