Kowace shekara, daga Disamba zuwa Maris, mura zai zo, fara wani annoba. Wannan shi ne saboda rashin ciwon allurar rigakafin duniya, wanda zai yi aiki ga kowane nau'i. Kuma don hango hangen nesa na bayyanar mai wuya, banda haka, zai iya canzawa.
Rashin ciwo
Wadannan microorganisms sun adana bayanan rayayyun halittu a RNA, wanda yana da sauƙi. Sakamakon haka, ana cigaba da sabunta matsalolin cutar ta mura, yana sa ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar sababbin maganin. Ana samar da su kimanin watanni shida, irin wannan shawarar ta WHO ya ƙaddara. Wannan ba bayanin ko da yaushe kyakkyawan ingancin alurar riga kafi ba, ta hanyar amfani da kwayar cutar ta rigaya ta rigaya ta sami sabon damar.
Mafi haɗari shine ƙimar da za a iya ganuwa ga tsarin da ba a rigakafi, wanda ya amince da cutar, ya fara aiki tun da latti. Irin wadannan canje-canje ana kiran antigicic drift. Masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa yawanci yana aiki a cikin latitudes na wurare masu zafi, inda matakin kamuwa da cuta yake a cikin wannan matakin a cikin shekara, kuma babu wata annoba ta yanayi.
Wani irin mura za a sa ran a shekarar 2018?
Tabbatar da kai don gano, abin da mura zai kasance a shekara ta 2018, ba zai shuɗe ba, saboda wakili mai lalacewa yana canza tsarin. WHO a kowace shekara ta hanyar bincike yana ba da rahotanni da rahotanni game da matsalolin, dole ne a shirya taron. Dalilin annoba shine mura B ko A, amma suna da yawancin subtypes, saboda haka maganin da aka yi a bara zai zama tasiri. Abun da ake yi don maganin alurar riga kafi zai iya haɗawa da kwayoyin cutar daga kawai nau'i uku, domin an bayyana wannan kakar:
- Hong Kong;
- Brisbane (Ostiraliyanci mura-2018);
- California Flu-2018 (Michigan).
A Ostiraliya Flu
An samo sunan H3N2 saboda fashewa, wanda kwanan nan ya faru a Ostiraliya. Tashin Brisbane ya kasance mafi girma a cikin shekaru goma da suka wuce. Sa'an nan kuma cutar ta zo Birtaniya, yana yiwuwa damuwa zai isa gabashin Turai. Irinin iri iri ne na irin A, yana da haɗari ga tsofaffi, yara da cututtukan zuciya. Sauran basu da abin tsoro, rikitarwa ba su da yawa. Rashin lafiya na Australiya-2018, wanda ba a bambanta da 'yan uwansa ba, za'a iya hana shi ta rigakafi, amma masana sun ce yana aiki mafi muni fiye da na subtypes na B.
Hong Kong Flu
Wannan wani nau'i ne na tsuntsu tsuntsu mai shekaru 2018 wanda ya bayyana shekaru uku da suka wuce a Hongkong. A karshen shekarar bara, ya canza cikin sabon nauyin, rashin tsaro wanda bai riga ya ci gaba ba. Saboda haka dalili ne wajibi ne don maganin alurar riga kafi, musamman ma wadanda suka rasa rauni - tsofaffi da yara. An yi tsammani cewa cutar ta Hong Kong ta 2018 zai kasance sau da yawa fiye da sauran. Kwayar cutar tana da haɗari ga mummunan halin yanzu da kuma yawan mace-mace. Akwai matsaloli masu yawa na cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar mashako .
Flu Michigan
Sakamakon cutar virus ne, mai maye gurbin swine flu . Samun rigakafi zuwa H1N1 a cikin shekarun da suka gabata bai kare kariya ba game da cutar California, don haka ana buƙatar maganin alurar rigakafi na musamman. Flu-2018 sananne ne ga matsalolinsa, halin da yake cewa:
- ƙaddamar da cututtuka na cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta, na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, masu juyayi da kuma tsarin narkewa;
- zalunci na rigakafi;
- ciwon bidiyo mai cututtuka;
- Bugu da kari na fungal ko kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta.
Flu-2018 - kintace
Kowace shekara masarautar ta canza, ta haifar da sabon yanayin annoba. Rashin damuwa a shekara ta 2018 shi ne maye gurbin, tsayi da aka sani, wanda zai iya sauri ya yada, yana ƙara yawan adadin lokuta. Tare da kiyaye ka'idojin tsaro da dacewa, dacewar kyakkyawan yanayin da za a kammala wannan kakar ya kasance. Yana da mahimmanci ku guje wa rashin fahimtar muhimmancin yanayinku idan akwai kamuwa da cuta da kuma tuntuɓi likita a lokaci.
Flu-2018 - bayyanar cututtuka
Bayanin bayyane na dogara ne akan nau'in da za a rarraba sosai. Lokaci yana ɓatarwa ga kowa, tsawon lokaci yana kwana 2-4. Kowane mutum yana da wadannan bayyanar cututtuka:
- yawan zafin jiki mai girma;
- haɗin gwiwa da ciwon tsoka;
- ciwon kai;
- zazzabi;
- Nausea;
- rashin ƙarfi;
- dizziness;
- kawar da ci.
Sabuwar mura-2018, wanda alamunta wanda ya ci gaba da kwanaki 4-7, zai iya faruwa a wasu siffofin.
- Mai sauƙi. Rashin ƙarfin ƙarfin, yawan zafin jiki ba ya tashi sama da digiri 38, an rage abincin.
- Matsakaici mai nauyi. Jiki yana ƙarfafa har zuwa digiri na 39, busassun tari, hanci mai zurfi.
- M. Fever, tashin zuciya, zazzabi na digiri 40, juyayi.
- Hypertensive. Yana da wuya, mai hatsarin gaske. Yana farawa da sauri, bayan 'yan sa'o'i bayan kamuwa da cuta, tari zai bunkasa, to zubar da jini daga hanci yana fara, zubar da jini ya fara.
An ba da shawarar sosai don shiga aikin kulawa kai idan:
- high zazzabi, ba a rushe don 3-4 days;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
- ciwon ciwon kai;
- shakatawa;
- fata rashes.
Flu-2018 - magani
Kwararren likita zai iya tsara wani wakili mai maganin rigakafin gida ko magani na tsakiya wanda bai tabbatar da inganci ba. An tabbatar da tasiri na Remantadine, amma saboda yawan lissafin takaddama da wuya an umarce shi. Saboda wannan dalili, gwani zai shawarci abin da za a bi da cutar ta 2018, bisa ga abubuwan da aka lissafa.
- Shan. Ƙara yawan ciwon ruwa zai taimaka wajen rage tasirin maye. Yanayin zabin shine ruwa mai tsabta, shayi tare da launi mai launi, chamomile, oregano da thyme za su yi.
- Antibiotics. An zabi kawai idan ake zargi da laifi na shiga wani kamuwa da cuta na kwayan cuta (Suprax, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin).
- Antipyretic. Muna buƙatar wanke jiki sama da digiri 38, lokacin da yanayin ya zama mai hadari. Kafin wanan wannan kofa, hawan zafin jiki ya zama dole don kawar da cutar (Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol).
- Antihistamines. Ba a bi da Flu-2018 ba, amma yana taimakawa wajen kawar da idon ja da kumburi na nasopharynx, gudanarwa da yanayin gaba (Diazolin, Promethazine, Pheniramine).
- Cough magani (Bromhexine, Ambroxol).
- Vasodilating saukad da. Ana buƙatar su don ƙuƙwalwar hanci, wanda ke hawan numfashi (Nazol, Tysin, Naphthysine).
- Local anti-mai kumburi. Rage rashin jin daɗi a cikin makogwaro (Sepptule, Lugol, Strepsils).
- Vitamin. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan sun nuna cewa ascorbic acid ba zai shafi aikin rigakafi ba. Sabili da haka, ba za a iya tsammanin taimakon taimako daga gare su ba, ana iya amfani da su kawai a matsayin hanyar talla (Aevit, Nicotinic da ascorbic acid).
Flu-2018 - rikitarwa
Hanyar da ba daidai ba ya fassara cutar a cikin hanyar da aka bari, wanda ya haifar da mummunar sakamako. Rashin kamfani Wani nau'i musamman sau da yawa yakan zama dalilin su. Rarraba na iya damuwa da matsaloli na yau da kullum, wadanda ke biye ne.
- Kwayoyin cuta ba tare da cutar ba. Yana tasowa bayan kwana 2-3 bayan bayyanannu mai haske, sauƙi ya maye gurbinsu da tari tare da sputum mai duhu da rawaya kuma karuwa cikin zazzabi.
- Otitis, sinusitis.
- Kwayar cutar bidiyo . Ana tare da tari mai bushe, rashin ƙarfi na numfashi da kuma matsalolin matsaloli na halin motsa jiki.
- Dama-mai guba. Saboda babban haɓakaccen samfurorin samfurori na muhimmancin kwayar cutar, aikin kodan da tsarin jijiyoyin jini na rushewa.
- Meningitis, encephalitis. Kumburi yana rinjayar kwakwalwa.
- Glomerulonephritis. Lalacewa na aikin koda saboda ƙananan ƙumburi.
Rigakafin mura a shekarar 2018
Don hana cutar, an tsara matakan da za a inganta rigakafi:
- liyafar cibiyoyin bitamin;
- cin abinci lafiya;
- aiki na yau da kullum;
- ragowar matakin ƙarfin hali;
- sa'a guda takwas;
- kin amincewa da mummunan halaye;
- bin umurnan tsabta.
Bugu da ƙari, kana buƙatar rage girman sadarwa tare da marasa lafiya. Masana sunyi imanin cewa maganin alurar rigakafin cutar zai iya taimaka wajen kaucewa kamuwa da cuta. Yi amfani da shi wajibi ne har sai tsangwama na annoba, saboda an riga an kafa rigakafi a cikin kwanaki 10-14. Kafin samun allurar, ana buƙatar shawara na likita, wanda zai fada maka game da contraindications. Idan mutum ya ji da hankali, ƙwaƙwalwa, allergies, zazzabi da kuma rauni zai iya faruwa. Yara mafi kyau magance alurar riga kafi a shekaru 2-5, amma zaka iya fara a watanni 6. Ga tsofaffi, hanya bata da tasiri.