Girman strawberries - yadda za a samu girbi mafi girma?

Growing strawberries an dauke da mafi sauki a kwatanta da girbi blueberries, blueberries da sauran berries. Yana kwatanta sauri, yana ba da babban adadin manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa kuma baya buƙatar watering kullum. Yana buƙatar kawai dasa shuki da kulawa da bishiyoyi kafin ripening 'ya'yan itace.

Shuka strawberries

Dasa da berries ne da za'ayi ta pre-tattalin seedlings. Kafin binne asalinsu a cikin ƙasa, tsire-tsire suna raguwa: ci gaba a wuri mai sanyi don akalla kwanaki 5-10. Bayan haka, wasu dokoki don dasa shuki strawberries a spring sun cika:

1. Don haka seedlings ba su bushe kuma sun zama masu sauƙi don suyi tushe, tushen tsire-tsire ana tsoma a cikin lambun chatterbox daga yumbu da mullein jiko kafin instillation.
2. Don strawberries zabi mãkirci na lambu, wanda ba cikakke ba ne tare da ruwa mai zurfi. Zaɓin zabin ya ɗauka cewar matakan da ke ƙasa 1 m.
3. Gado yana tsabtace manyan clods na ƙasa da weeds.
4. Domin tsire-tsire su yi girma gaba ɗaya, raƙuman ƙasa a sama da mahimmin ci gaba (ɓangaren ɓangaren tushe) bazai zama fiye da 2 cm ba.
5. Lokacin da aka shigar daji a cikin rami, an yayyafa shi da ƙasa, dan kadan kuma ya sake kwantar da ruwa don kada ya wanke ƙasa daga karkashin tushen.

Yadda za a shirya ƙasa don dasa shuki strawberries?

Ganin cewa strawberry bushes suna kula da ingancin ƙasa, ya kamata ya kula da shi sosai kafin dasa. Mafi mahimmancin wadanda suka riga sun kasance ga berries su ne hatsi, Dill ko Basil, mafi munin duka duk wakilan iyalin Solanaceae. Shuka ƙwayar strawberries a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi zai kasance mai sauri da haɓaka idan an shirya ƙasa don la'akari da shawarwarin da masu shahararrun lambu suka samu:

1. Dole ne a haɗu da ƙasa mai laushi tare da loam ko yashi yashi a kashi 1: 1.
2. Kwanaki 10 kafin dasa shuki, an gurɓata ƙasa kuma an hana shi daga cututtukan fungal. Don lita 10 na ruwa, 500 g na lemun tsami da kuma 50 g na jan karfe sulfate ana amfani. Don spraying 1 square meter shafi 1 lita na cakuda.
3. An gada gadaje da cakuda takin gargajiya. Dogayen 10 cm na ƙasa ya kamata kunshi cakuda turf, farin yashi, peat da humus a daidai rabbai.

Shuka strawberries a kaka

A wannan lokaci na shekara, ana shuka shuki don dalilai guda biyu: ko dai don inganta kayan da ake amfani da shi tare da takin takamaimai na musamman da girbi a cikin greenhouse a cikin hunturu, ko tattara 'ya'yan fari a farkon watan Yuni. Gyaran dasa shuki na strawberries a cikin kaka yana taimakawa wajen yin amfani da kyau tare da lalacewa ba tare da lalacewa ba. Akwai lokutan dasa shuki uku a kaka don wannan Berry:

1. Girma na farko - daga mako na uku na Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Satumba.
2. Lokacin saukowa na tsakiyar tsakiyar - daga Satumba 15 zuwa Oktoba 15.
3. Rigar shuki - an binne shi a cikin ƙasa wata daya kafin farkon sanyi.

Shuka strawberries a spring

A spring spring bushes dasa a cikin ƙasa bude lokacin da sanyi weather recedes. Kwanan lokacin dasa shuki ya bambanta dangane da yankin. Don koyon yadda za a shuka shuki a cikin bazara, ya kamata ka fara tare da jana'izar ka a cikin ƙasa na bushes da kuma takin su tare da humus ko takin. Hanyoyin mahimmanci domin dasa shuki sune:

1. Ga yankunan kudancin - daga 1 zuwa 15 Maris.
2. Ga yankunan arewaci da marigayi gishiri - daga 1 zuwa 15 Mayu.
3. Don tsakiyar band - daga 10 zuwa 30 Afrilu.

Yadda za a shuka strawberries

Tun da amfanin gona na kudan zuma ba tare da duk maƙwabta a gonar ba, ba za'a iya shuka su ba. Dokoki don dasa shuki strawberries an haramta sanya bushes kusa da tumatir, faski, eggplants, gooseberries da black currants. Ana sanya bishiyoyi a gefe guda ɗaya ta ɗaya daga cikin wadannan makircinsu:

1. Gudun murya. Itacen bishiyoyi suna kusa da juna, kuma a lokacin da ganye ya fara fara kama da karamin mai tushe. Rashin wannan irin shuka shi ne karamin amfanin gona saboda tsaka-tsalle.
2. Saukowa a jere. Tsare-tsaren tsayi na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda za ku iya shiga ta hanyar watering ko tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa.
3. Shuka strawberries dabam tsaye shrubs. Ana shuka shuka iri-iri don la'akari da rabuwa da tushen tsarin da mulching.
4. Shuka nests. Cibiyar gonar wata shuka ce, kewaye da shi, shuka 6 more bushes.

A nisa tsakanin strawberry bushes lokacin da dasa

Mafi dace da amfani shine makircin dasa shuki strawberries a layuka. Biye da shi, don ƙofar za ta bar raƙin nisa na 40 cm, kuma nisa tsakanin strawberries a lokacin da dasa shuki don tsire-tsire yana da 15-20 cm Sauran hanyoyin dasawa an tsara don:

• 45-60 cm nisa tsakanin mutum bushes;
• 35-40 cm nesa lokacin da nau'i nau'i nau'i na saukowa;
• 5-10 cm - don ci gaba da dasa shuki.

Features na girma strawberries

Strawberries suna daya daga cikin mafi yawan itatuwan photophilic. Ba ta jure wa penumbra ba, don haka tsire-tsire masu girma da ke kusa da ita, an yanke su a lokacin lokacin rani, don kada su jinkirta maturation. Hanyar girma strawberries ƙayyade ƙarin kula da harbe. Daga cikin su:

1. Hanyar tsaye. Scourge na ampel iri dake rataye daga tukunya ko akwatin, ko curl a kan grid ko bututu.
2. A kwance. Ƙananan girma ko iri-iri iri suna yadu a ƙasa ko kuma suna da tushe cikin sacks, tubs ko ganga.

Shuka strawberries a duk shekara

Idan wasu 'yan shekarun da suka wuce, berries sun girma ne kawai a cikin yanayi mai dumi, to, a yau girbi daga bishiyoyi ya samu akalla a watan Maris, har ma a watan Disamba. Akwai hanyoyi guda uku da suke sa tsire-tsire na kayan lambu na shekara guda da gaske:

1. Shirin fim . Ƙananan nau'o'in girma zasu iya girma a ƙarƙashin wani fim mai yawa a yankunan kudancin tare da kaucewa hunturu.
2. Window sill. Kwayoyi a cikin tukwane na isasshen ƙuƙwalwa akan taga suna iya samar da albarkatun gona biyu a yayin da ake yanka gashin-baki da girbi a lokaci guda.
3. Gumshi mai tsanani. Ko da a wurare masu sanyi, yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙiri zafi da ake bukata da kuma yawan zafin jiki na iska.

Growing strawberries - saman miya

Rashin gyaran sababbin bishiyoyi da aka shuka ba a yi ba ne - duk waɗanda aka dasa a shekara ta baya ne suka hadu da su. Halin yanayin girma da strawberries, idan basu da kamuwa da rot ko kuma ba su sha wahala daga kwari, an tsara shi don sau uku - bayan dasa, a lokacin kullun bayyanar ovaries kuma bayan an gama girbi. Wani lokaci don kare lafiya, ana ci gaba da ciyarwa don shirya hunturu. Mafi takin mai magani shine:

• ammonium sulfate;
• yankakken kaji;
• a cakuda iodine da boric acid;
• mullein;
• Rye biscuits soaked cikin ruwa.

Kula da strawberries

Bayan dasa shuki da amfanin gona na buƙatar gyaran gado, watering, magani akan kwari da kuma ciyar da kwayoyin abubuwa da microelements. Dangane da iri-iri, flowering farawa a rabi na biyu na watan Mayu ko farkon Yuni. Kulawa da kyau don strawberries don samun girbi mai kyau ya kamata a dogara da wasu sharuɗɗa:

• sabuntawa na ban ruwa na zamani a matakai daban-daban na namo;
• dajiyar shimfidawa don kariya daga sanyaya, zafi ko mummunan yanayi;
• Yin nazarin daji na musamman don cire ɓangaren berries da fadi.

Kula da strawberries bayan dasa

Nan da nan bayan an samo asali daga ɓangaren tushen a cikin ƙasa, an shayar da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire. Ma'aikata suna gaya sau da yawa a ruwa na ruwa bayan an dasa shuki don su yi shi da sassafe ba sau da yawa fiye da 1 a cikin makonni 2-3. Bayan haka, wajibi ne don cike ƙasa - murfin ƙasa na amfanin ƙasa da amfanin gona. Wannan hanyar agrotechnics yana taimakawa kasar gona da bitamin, yana hana shiga shigar da kwari zuwa ga asalinsu kuma yana riƙe da danshi a cikin manyan kasusuwan ƙasa. Gudanar da gudanarwa bisa ga dabara:

1. Shirye-shiryen kayan. Za su iya zama sandan, humus, hay, zane-zane, fim, jaridu, haushi ko allura.
2. Rufe gadaje. Shafuka tsakanin bushes suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin wani abin dogara mai kwasfa na ciyawa, ƙoƙari kada su lalata shuka, don haka kada su rushe gonar strawberries.
3. Kula da ciyawa. Ba'a bada shawarar yin watsi da kayan tsaro ba, amma ana iya karawa da ita idan tsire-tsire ba su da iska.

Kula da strawberries a lokacin flowering

Bayan bayyanar launuka, madaidaicin makirci ya canza. Ruwan ruwa daga saman kasa ba shi da lafiya: idan ruwa ya zubar da ovary, zai iya haifar da bayyanar powdery mildew ko launin toka . Daga cikin wasu dokokin da ke ba da kula da strawberries a cikin bazara da bazara, za ka iya suna da wadannan:

1. Hanya ta rani na kwanaki 7-12. Ɗaya daga cikin mitocin mita na landings an kashe a kalla 20 lita na ruwa. Yawan zafin jiki ya zama 18-20 ° C.
2. Tsarin tsari a cikin mummunan yanayi. Ruwa da iska na iya cutar da launuka masu laushi, don haka girbi a lokacin ruwan sama da kuma guguwa ya rufe tare da fim din polyethylene.
3. Sauke ɓawon burodi. A cikin ƙasa tare da gadaje na berries, m stust clumps sau da yawa ya bayyana, abin da tsoma baki tare da samun damar oxygen zuwa ga tushen. Ana yadu su da ruwa daga bindigar da aka tayar da su.

Strawberry - tsagewa a lokacin da ake ci

Lokacin da ovary ya bayyana a kan shuka, kula da shi ya kamata a canza shi sosai don hana toxins daga shigar da berries ripening. Ba lallai ba ne ya ki amincewa da kullun daga saman tufafi, kamar yadda zai yiwu a zabi kwayoyin marasa lahani don waɗannan dalilai. Kula da gonar lambu a lokacin da aka samo 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar haka:

1. Hawan tsafi da nettle decoction sau ɗaya kowace mako 2-3. Yana da amfani don kara yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kara yawan juyiness. 20 g na busassun nettle ganye suna brewed 1 lita, daga ruwan zãfi, sa'an nan kuma ƙara wani 10 lita na dumi ruwa da kuma amfani da abun da ke ciki don ban ruwa.
2. Taki itace ash. Ya ƙunshi dukkan ƙwayoyin da ake bukata domin girma strawberries. Ana toka toka a kusa da daji nan da nan bayan bayyanar ganye na farko.
3. M kau da spoiled berries. Idan a kan ovary, wanda yake kunshe da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa, akalla ɗaya daga cikin su ya buge, an cire shi a hankali don kare wasu daga lalacewa.

Shuka Strawberries - Cututtuka

Wannan al'ada yana da maganin cututtukan guda daya da ke shafi blueberries, raspberries da sauran berries. Ƙwayar cuta ta kowane daga cikinsu zai iya ƙayyade ta hanyar alamomin waje: canji a cikin launi na ganye, siffar su, rage yawan amfanin ƙasa ko lalacewar 'ya'yan itace. A cikin aiwatar da kula da gadaje za ka iya haɗu da irin wannan cututtuka na strawberries:

1. Gizo-gizo mite. Ƙananan kwari yana kunshe da ganyayyaki tare da labaran yanar gizo, wanda ya sa su yi shuru da juya launin rawaya. Ana iya rinjayar mite ta hanyar spraying tare da bayani na carbophos bayan girbi.
2. Strawberry mite. Abin mamaki mai hadarin gaske, saboda yana lalata tushen da petioles na ganye. A m sa laushi a kan harbe lokacin da suka fara farawa. A kan namo na gonar strawberry kamuwa da cuta rinjayar ƙwarai: ganye ya shrivel, da kuma berries zama ƙananan. Za a hana ta bayyanar magani tare da colloidal sulfur kafin dasa.
3. Nematode. Tsutsotsi tare da tsayin dashi fiye da 1 cm ba al'adar wata ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kuma yana tasiri tsawon tsawon cututtuka, amma rayuwa a ƙasa, maimakon a kan shuka. Kwajin yayi sauri ya hana ci gaban cike da tsutsotsi. Harkokin kariya zai sami kananan rami tare da lemun tsami, dake tsakanin bushes.
4. Fusarium da marigayi blight wilt. Alamun magungunan cutar sune necrosis tare da iyakar launi, hakowa da harbe tare da mutuwar su. Girman strawberries ya kakkarye: ƙananan silinda na tsire-tsire yana raguwa kuma yana fara barin baya a ci gaba, ƙarancinta sun mutu. Haka kuma cutar ba ta bayyana idan an dasa bishiyoyi a kowace shekaru 3-4.