Kwayar cututtuka tana nufin cututtuka masu ƙananan cututtuka da ke shafi tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Dalilin bayyanar wannan cuta ba a kammala nazarinsa ba, kuma ba a gano wani magani ba. Haka kuma cutar tana shafar mutane bayan shekaru 60 da sauri.
Mene ne cutar Pick?
Kwayar cutar ita ce cututtukan da ke fama da rashin jin daɗi. Dalilin ci gaban shi shine lalacewa ga sel na frontal da na lobes. Cikin kwayar cutar ta zama wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa wanda ya rage tare da cutar Pick, layin tsakanin abin farin ciki da launin ƙwayar kwakwalwa abu ne. Mai haƙuri ya fara motsawa cikin sararin samaniya, ya rasa halayen da ke ciki, ba zai iya samun sabon sani da basira ba. Canjin halin mutum yana haifar da raguwar kulawa da kai da kuma karuwa a cikin rawar sha'awa da ilmantarwa.
Cututtuka da ƙananan bambanci da Alzheimer - bambancin
Kwayar cututtuka da Alzheimer na kama da juna a cikin alamun wariyar launin fata, daga cikinsu shine babban ci gaba da lalata. Sakamakon cutar Niemann Pick, wanda ke da irin wannan sunan, amma ya bambanta da alamomi da kuma hanya. Don bambanta tsakanin cutar Alzheimer da cutar shan, yana da muhimmanci a kula da irin wannan fasali:
- Shekaru. Kwayar cututtuka zai iya bayyana kansa a cikin mutane bayan shekaru 50, kuma cutar Alzheimer tana da mahimmanci ga tsofaffi - shekaru 60-70.
- Ƙwarewar iyawa. A cututtukan Alzheimer, da hankali, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tunani da farko, kuma a cikin cutar ta Pick, matsaloli tare da damar iya ganewa ya bayyana a wani mataki na gaba.
- Matsayi. A cikin cututtukan Alzheimer, yanayin mutum yana cigaba da dadewa, kuma a yanayin yanayin cutar Pick, yanayin canza yanayin mutum ya bayyana a fili. Mai haƙuri da ganewar asali na cutar Pick ya ɓoye, ya bi ka'idodin sa, ya ƙi kulawa da shi, yana nuna damuwa.
- Jawabin. Magunguna tare da cutar Pick suna rasa wasu kalmomin, amma suna riƙe da basirar karatu da rubutu. A cikin cutar Alzheimer, matsalolin maganganu sukan bunƙasa, amma basirar karatu da rubutu sun rasa.
- Hanyar cutar. Kwayar cututtuka tana da wani mummunan hanya, yana tasowa da sauri kuma zai iya haifar da mutuwa a shekaru 6. Cutar cutar Alzheimer tana da wata hanya mai kyau. Rayuwa bayan ganewar asali shine shekaru 7-10.
Sanadin cututtuka
An kwatanta cututtukan cututtukan cutar Pick a 1892, amma har zuwa wannan lokaci, ainihin dalilai na cutar ba a kafa ba. Sanarwar lalacewa, za a iya gaji da rashawa, amma lokuta masu yawa sukan fi kowa. Daga cikin mawuyacin hali na cutar, masu bincike sun kira wadannan:
- zama mutum na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin rinjayar magungunan cututtuka, shan magunguna, shan giya;
- magungunan ciwo ko ƙari ;
- damuwa na tunanin mutum;
- ciwan daji;
- craniocerebral rauni;
- kamuwa da cuta;
- raunin bitamin da lalacewar bitamin B bai samu ba .
Kwayar cuta - cututtuka da alamu
Sanarwar lalacewa, bayyanar cututtuka ta girma tare da ci gaba da cutar, ya nuna kansa a farkon cutar. Doctors kira irin wannan alamun senile dementia:
- matsananciyar son kai;
- bi ka'idodinku da sha'awarku;
- al'ada;
- rage aikin kula da kai;
- canje-canje a cikin magana, maimaita kalmomin da kake so;
- m yanayi ya ce: euphoria ko apathy ;
- unsteadiness na yanayi da motsin zuciyarmu;
- amnesia , hankali hankali;
- asarar damar ilmantarwa;
- asarar damar iya sadarwa tare da wasu.
Cututtuka na cutar - matakai
Kwayar cuta, cututtuka da alamomi na dogara ne akan matakan cutar, farawa da rashin tausayi na hali, kuma ya ƙare tare da mutuwar mai haƙuri. Akwai matakai uku na cutar:
- Ƙirƙirar sha'awar son kai. Mai haƙuri ya daina kulawa da sha'awar halayen mutane. Tsarin sararin samaniya shi ne kansa. Bukatunsa da bukatunsa ya zo gaba, wanda yake so ya gamsu da sauri. Tare da wannan, ƙwarewar kwarewar kai da kai-kai na karuwa. Akwai halin rashin lafiyar zuciya, halin da ake ciki da rashin tausayi.
- Rashin haɓaka ayyukan aiki. Akwai matsala tare da maganganun: mai haƙuri yana sake fasalin kalaman da labarun da suke so. Cigaban matsaloli da maganganu yana haifar da rashin iya bayyana ra'ayinsu kuma fahimtar maganar wani. Ƙwarewar ƙwarewar karatu, rubutu, ƙidayawa, rage ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da hankali, ƙarfin yin aiki.
- Dementia mai zurfi. Akwai rashin jin dadi a sararin samaniya, ikon yin amfani da kai ya ɓata. Marasa lafiya sun daina motsiwa kuma suna buƙatar kulawa akai. Cutar da cututtuka na ciki yana haifar da mutuwar mai haƙuri.
Kwayar cutar - ganewar asali
Ƙin cutar kututture a farkon matakan bayyanar alama ta dace da sauran cututtuka na tsarin bincike da ilimin lissafi. Kafin zalunta da nakasa, likitoci na binciken maciye, tambayi dangiyar dan uwa da bincika batun. Sakamakon ganewar asali na "Mai cutar da cutar" masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta sau da yawa sukan sanya kawai a karo na biyu na cutar, lokacin da aka fara nuna alamun bayyanar da ƙananan halayen da aka gano. Masanin kimiyya daban-daban na cutar Alzheimer da kuma cutar mai dauke da kwayar cutar ta EEG, REG, ta hanyar dan tayi, Echo-EG da kuma hanyoyin shiga.
Gwajin gwaji don rashin jin daɗi
Tare da cutar ta Pick, an bayyana rashin lahani na aikin tafiyar da hankali. Wasu sun lura cewa mai haƙuri ya ci gaba da ƙaddamar da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rage hankali da tunani.
Don tabbatar da tsammanin zubar da jini da kuma duba matakin wadannan matakai, za a iya ba da haƙuri sau biyu gwaje-gwaje masu sauki:
- Hoton agogo. An mika wani tsofaffi ne don zana kundin waya. Yawanci, dole ne a zana adadi na kowane lokaci, dole ne su kasance a nesa da juna. A tsakiya ya kamata a sami dot tare da kibiyoyi a haɗe.
- Kalmomi. An umarci mutum ya yi suna kamar shuke-shuke da dabbobi da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu a cikin minti daya, ko kuma kalmomin da yawa a kan takardar. Yawanci, mutane suna kiran kalmomi 15-22 tare da sunayen tsirrai ko dabbobi da kalmomi 12-16 da wasika. Idan mai hakuri da ake kira ƙasa da 10 kalmomi, yana da ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa.
Mene ne za a yi da rashin tausayi?
Kwayar cutar, wani magani wanda ba'a samu ba, yana ci gaba da sauri kuma yana da rauni. Ko da yake cutar ba za a iya warkewa ba, cigabanta zai iya ragu da kuma inganta rayuwar mutumin mara lafiya. Abokan marasa lafiya za su buƙaci hakuri da fahimtar juna, saboda cutar da aka yi a cikin cutar Pick ya bayyana a fili.
Mai haƙuri da lalata yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa ta awa 24 saboda cin hanci da rashawa da kuma aiwatar da ayyuka na zamantakewa. Abokan kula da marasa lafiya sun kamata su lura da yadda ake amfani da magungunan likitanci, su bi duk takardun likita, su kare marasa lafiya daga jin dadi da damuwa, abubuwan da ke damuwa, yanayin rikici.
Tashin hankali - wacce likita zai yi amfani da shi?
Na farko alamun bayyanar cututtuka na Pick ya buge dangin masu haƙuri suyi tunani game da bayyanuwar rashin lafiya. Idan kun yi tsammanin ganewar asali na "rashin jin daɗi," magani, nazarin irin wadannan marasa lafiya, da nada ƙididdigar ganowa da bayani akan ganewar asali ne wanda mai ilimin lissafi ya yi wanda ya tsara aikin maganin magani. Ƙarin maganin za a iya aiwatar da su ta hanyar likitan ne da kuma likitan psychiatrist.
Kwayar cutar ta - shawarwarin asibiti
Kwayar Pick yana rikicewa da cutar Niemann Pick. Wadannan cututtuka guda biyu suna da muhimmancin bambance-bambancen bayyanar cututtuka kuma suna kama da sunayen kawai. Niemann Pick cuta, wanda shawarwari na asibiti zai bambanta da kyau daga shawarwarin don cutar ta Pick, ba ya shafi cututtuka na tunanin mutum kuma yana samuwa a cikin yara. Game da cutar Pick, akwai wasu shawarwari na asibiti:
- Jiyya ya kamata ya sanya likita, bisa ga shawarar da wani likitan ne.
- Don sauƙaƙe yanayin lafiyar, masu ilimin psychologists da psychotherapists ya kamata shiga cikin magani.
- Drug far ya zama dole, saboda yana taimakawa wajen jinkirin ci gaba da cutar.
- A mataki na karshe, dole ne a kula da yanayin lafiyar jiki: saboda rashin daidaituwa, yawancin matsaloli na iya bunkasa.
Sanarwar lalacewa - magani, kwayoyi
Ƙin cutar kuturu tana nufin cututtuka da ba za a iya gyara ba. A farkon matakai na cutar, ana nuna alamar rashin lafiyar jiki, ziyarci horar da hankali, tare da ci gaba da cutar - aikin farfadowa, ɗaki mai mahimmanci, kwaikwayon zama. Yin jiyya da cututtuka da magungunan da zai iya rage ci gaban cutar, amma ba shi da wani tasiri. Dokar kulawa ta hada da:
- Memantine;
- antiholinesterase kwayoyi: Galantamine, Choline alfoscerate, Donepezil, Rivastigmine;
- nootropics: gamma-aminobutyric acid, Piracetam da Fonturacetam;
- antipsychotics idan m hali manifests kanta: Chlorprotixen, Alimemazin.
Yaya za a kauce wa lalacewa?
Matakan da za a hana cutar ba a bunkasa ba har yau, tun da babu dalilin da ya haifar da ci gaba da cutar. Saboda wannan dalili, yin rigakafi na rashin jin dadi yana dogara ne akan ka'idodi masu kyau na rayuwa mai kyau:
- daidaitaccen abinci mai gina jiki, cikakken tare da dukkanin bitamin da ma'adanai masu muhimmanci;
- sha ruwa mai yawa;
- matsakaicin jiki;
- matsakaici na basira;
- gaban gamayyar sadarwa;
- ƙananan nauyin damuwa, yanayin zaman lafiya da kwanciyar hankali.