Maganin neurodegenerative, wanda aka fara binciken da kuma nazarinsa na farko daga likitancin Jamus A. Alzheimer a farkon karni na 20, wani nau'i ne na nakasar (dementia), wanda ya fi sauƙi ga rabin rabin yawan jama'a a tsufa. A wasu lokuta, cutar Alzheimer tana samuwa a cikin matasa.
Ciwon Alzheimer - Sanadin
Sanarwar lalata irin nau'ikan Alzheimer, kamar yadda suke kira alamun da ake la'akari da ita, ya taso ne bisa ga tsarin da ba'a bayyana ba. Ka'idar da aka fi sani da asalin cutar, bisa ga yawancin masana, shine amyloid hypothesis. A cewarta, hanyar Alzheimer ta hanyar cutar Alzheimer tana hade da ƙwaƙwalwa cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa na beta-amyloid - wani ɓangaren furotin da yake aiki da kariya da kuma kayan aiki a cikin jiki. A sakamakon haka, an kafa harsunan da ba a iya yin amfani da su da kuma ƙananan neurofibrillary, wanda ya haifar da mutuwar kwakwalwa.
Masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa cutar Alzheimer ita ce cuta mai yawan gaske, a cikin ci gaba wanda ba a cire kullun kwayoyin. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan sun saukar da kwayoyin halitta guda uku, wanda ya bambanta wanda zai iya haifar da cutar. Bugu da ƙari, akwai wasu dalilai da yawa waɗanda zasu iya haifar da bambanci a farawar matakai masu bincike. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- tsanani craniocerebral rauni ;
- tsanani psycho-emotional damuwa;
- low hankali aiki;
- hawan jini;
- atherosclerotic canje-canje a cikin jini ;
- hadarin oxygen;
- rashin motsi;
- nauyi;
- wuce kima amfani da sukari;
- barazanar barasa;
- shan taba.
Alzheimer ta cuta - bayyanar cututtuka da alamu
Kwayar cutar tana cigaba da cigaba, kuma a tsawon lokacin tsananin da yawan lambobinta suna karuwa. Ana iya gane alamun farko don bayyanar da shekarun da suka wuce, sakamakon damuwa, gajiya, sabili da haka a lokuta da dama sun kula. Bugu da ari, cutar ta Alzheimer ta zama mafi mahimmanci, ta rushe rayuwar yau da kullum ba kawai ga marasa lafiya ba, har ma da masu ƙaunar da suke kewaye da su.
Alzheimer ta cuta - shekaru
Alamun farko na cutar Alzheimer sau da yawa ya bayyana a kan shekaru 65, kodayake cutar ta farko da ke ɗauke da kwakwalwa ta faru 10-15 shekaru kafin. Kwanan nan an samu saurin "rejuvenation" na farfadowa, wadda aka gano a cikin mutanen da shekaru 45. A gaban kwayoyin cututtuka, cututtukan Alzheimer na iya bunkasa a cikin tsohuwar shekarun, wanda ke nuna hotunan hoto.
Sakamakon cutar Alzheimer
Alzheimer na da ciwon daji, wanda ya kasance ci gaba tare da lokaci, ana rarraba bisa ga irin rashin lafiya a cikin matakai hudu. Bari muyi la'akari da su a cikin dalla-dalla:
1. Mataki na farko shine farkon yanayin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wadannan alamu:
- ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da ta haɗa da ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan da sabon bayanin tare da adana ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- saɓani na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (a kan ma'anar kalmomi, haɗayarsu, da dai sauransu);
- talauci mara kyau;
- rashin tausayi;
- rikici;
- matsaloli tare da tsara ayyukan;
- matsaloli tare da tunani mai ma'ana;
- asarar sha'awa ga ayyukan da ake so, sanyaya na dangantakar abokantaka.
2. Mataki na biyu shine farkon rikice-rikice, wanda canje-canje a cikin hali na mai haƙuri ya kara bayyana ga wasu. Ana nuna alamomi masu zuwa:
- ƙaddamar da matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa;
- cin zarafin bambancin ra'ayi;
- Ƙarshen ƙamus;
- rage a cikin gudun magana;
- ƙetare na basirar mota.
3. Sashi na uku shine mataki na lamentia mai matsakaici, wanda yake nuna rashin tausayi da kuma bayyanar wasu alamun cututtuka:
- Daidaitacciyar magana, maras ma'ana, maɓallin kalmomi;
- asarar karatu da rubuce-rubucen rubutu;
- wani mummunan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, lokacin da mai haƙuri bai fahimci dangi na kusa ba, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya har yanzu ta kakkarye;
- abubuwan da suka faru na rashin zalunci;
- irritability;
- tsawa;
- ci gaba da hadarin motar;
- rashin barci;
- urinary incontinence.
4. Mataki na karshe - cutar ta Alzheimer - ya sa marasa lafiya su dogara ga taimakon waje, saboda kusan dukkanin basirar sabis na kai suna rasa. Hoton hoton yana hada da:
- asarar magana;
- m apathy;
- nakasa jiki;
- wahala ta motsawa har sai cikakkiyar haɓaka.
Alzheimer cutar - rai rai
A wannan mataki na ci gaba da kimiyyar likita, anyi la'akari da rashin lafiyar cutar. Lokacin da cutar Alzheimer ke cutar da wani daga ƙaunatacciyar cutar, ƙarshen karshe, nawa ne tare da shi, yana ƙarfafa mutane da dama. Yana da kyau a fahimci cewa idan akwai wani mummunan cututtuka da rai na marasa lafiya ya fi dacewa da ingancin kula da su. Sau da yawa, idan aka lura da mataki na ƙarshe na cutar, rayuwa ba fiye da shekara guda ba, tare da kulawa mai kyau - ƙarin. A wannan yanayin, mutuwa bata faruwa saboda cutar Alzheimer kanta, amma saboda matsalolin da suka shafi haɓakawa - ciwon huhu, matsa lamba, thrombosis, da dai sauransu.
Alzheimer cutar - magani
Idan a cikin tsofaffi don gane cutar ga likita mai sauƙi a binciken da aka yi da macce da kuma gano alamomin alamomi da alamun neuropsychological, an gano cutar Alzheimer da sauri. Don cikakkun ganewar asali, gwajin gwaji na musamman da aikace-aikace na kayan aiki an tsara su:
- Kwamfutar kwamfuta da kuma yanayin hotunan magnetic ;
- Kira guda daya-photon da aka ƙaddamar da shi;
- Haɗakarwar haɓaka mai haɗari.
Tun da yake ba a taba samun magani don maganin cututtuka ba, an yi amfani da farfadowa wajen rage hanya, wasu suna raguwa da ci gaba da inganta yanayin rayuwar mutum mai kyau, fasaha na zamantakewa na taka muhimmiyar rawa. A karshen sun hada da:
- Kwayar kiɗa - magunguna sun haɗa da kiɗa da ke haifar da motsin zuciyarmu, ƙungiyoyi tare da lokaci daga yara da yara;
- art farfesa - azuzuwan abubuwa masu sauƙi (zane, samfurin kwaikwayo);
- haɗin kai na sirri - hade da mai haƙuri a cikin aikin gida, ba tare da wata matsala ba;
- motsawa ga aikin ilimi - magance zame-zane, karantawa, haddace kalmomi da kalmomi, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin kula da masu haƙuri ya kamata bi wadannan shawarwari:
- halin kirki da juriya;
- samar da lokaci na dukkan ayyuka masu muhimmanci;
- ƙirƙirar yanayin kwanciyar hankali;
- biyan kuɗin yau da kullum;
- rigakafin rikitarwa.
Alzheimer ta cuta - magani (kwayoyi)
Magunguna da aka gano tare da cutar Alzheimer na iya samun magunguna masu zuwa don magani:
- magungunan cholinesterase (Razadin, Aricept, Exelon) - tsangwama tare da rufewar neurotransmitter acetylcholine;
- masu tsauraran maƙarƙashiya na ruwan inabi (Memantine) - don rage matakin babban mai jarida mai kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa, yana haddasa lalacewar kwayoyin jijiyoyin jiki;
- Neuroleptics (Aminazine, Haloperidol, Clozapine) - don kawar da psychopathic da jihohin neurotic;
- masu sassauci (Imovan, Buspirone) - don kawar da damuwa, rage tashin hankali;
- antidepressants (Prozac, Anafanil, Sertralin) - dakatar da hare-haren tashin hankali, tashin hankali.
Jiyya na cutar Alzheimer mutane magunguna
Alzheimer cutar, magani a gida wanda aka gudanar bisa ga tsare-tsaren da likita ya umurta, ba ya ƙyale amfani da fasaha na mutane don sauƙaƙe ruwan. Sabili da haka, mutane da yawa marasa lafiya zasu iya bada shawarar kudi wanda zai inganta jinin jini, abincin da ke kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, yana ƙarfafa sautin jiki:
- tincture na ginseng tushe;
- tincture na aralia;
- tincture na Dioscorean na Caucasus, da dai sauransu.
Sabo a cikin maganin cutar Alzheimer
Jiyya na cutar Alzheimer a farkon wuri shine mahimmanci don dakatar da ci gaba da sauri da kuma cigaba da rayuwar mai haƙuri. Masana kimiyya sun ci gaba da binciko hanyoyin dabarun maganin warkewa, kuma daya daga cikin farkon wannan lokaci ana iya kiran shi:
- dasawa daga kwayoyin sigogi;
- da gabatarwar nanoparticles da daura da kuma halakar da proteinceous plaques;
- Amfani da kwayoyin cutar da ke kunna rigakafi da peptides amyloid.
Rigakafin Ciwo na Alzheimer
Babu hanyoyi da zasu iya hana Alzheimer ta cikin mata, amma biyayyar rayuwa mai kyau zai iya rage haɗarin wannan cuta. Babban shawarwari kamar haka:
- m abinci mai gina jiki;
- aiki na jiki;
- ƙi daga barasa da shan taba;
- aikin bincike;
- kula da cutar karfin jini da nauyin jiki.
Gwajin gwajin cutar Alzheimer
An samo babban gwajin gwaje-gwajen gwagwarmaya, dalla-dalla ga abin da za'a iya ganowa a lokacin farko. Yawancin su za'a iya gudanar da su a gida. Alal misali, zaka iya tambayar mutum ya zana bugun kira a kan takarda tare da bugun kiran agogo wanda hannayensu suka nuna a wani lokaci. A kan matsaloli a cikin aiki na kwakwalwa ya ce rashin yiwuwar yin daidai wannan aikin, ɗauka na kurakurai (cire haɗin kira da lambobi, kurakurai a wuri na kibiyoyi, da sauransu). Bincika ƙaunatattun ku don maganin cutar, ya ba su wasu ayyuka masu sauki.
Lambar gwaji 1 (duba ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tunani mai zurfi):
- A cikin minti daya, jerin sunayen goma da suka fara da harafin "A" ko "B".
- A cikin minti daya, kira goma kayan dabbobi.
- Karanta rubutu mai ɓoye:
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Sakamakon gwaji 2 (duba aikin sarkar jiji):
- Shirya gilashin man shanu mai tsami (ƙanshi yana san kowa da kowa) da mai mulki.
- Batun ya kamata rufe idanunsa da baki.
- Ku kawo man fetur zuwa hagu na hagu a nesa na 23 cm.
- Sififfing, gwaji ya ƙayyade samfurin.