Habasha yana cikin tsalle-tsalle da tsalle-tsalle, amma yanayin yanayi yana ƙaddamar da yanayin teku a sama - wannan shine mafi girman dukkan kasashen Afirka. Tsarin yanayi a halin yanzu yana da matsananciyar sanyi da kuma m, kuma zamu iya cewa yanayin Habasha ya fi wadata da sauran jihohi a wannan yanki.
Riba da tafkuna
Habasha yana cikin tsalle-tsalle da tsalle-tsalle, amma yanayin yanayi yana ƙaddamar da yanayin teku a sama - wannan shine mafi girman dukkan kasashen Afirka. Tsarin yanayi a halin yanzu yana da matsananciyar sanyi da kuma m, kuma zamu iya cewa yanayin Habasha ya fi wadata da sauran jihohi a wannan yanki.
Riba da tafkuna
Koguna a Habasha suna da cikakke kuma suna kula da noma duk gonakin noma. Yawancin koguna na yammacin hamadar Habasha suna cikin tashar kwarin Nilu. Mafi yawan koguna na tsaunukan tsaunuka, Abbay, a cikin ƙananan bishiyoyin ana kiransa Blue Nile , kuma a cikinta akwai ruwa mafi kyau Habasha - Tys-Isat , wanda tsawo ya kai 45 m, da nisa - 400 m.
Sauran manyan koguna na wannan yankin sune:
- Takaze;
- Baro;
- Gilo.
Koguna na kudu maso gabashin Habasha suna da gudu zuwa Tekun Indiya. Mafi girma shine Ebibi-Shabelle, da kuma kogin da ke cikin Jubba. Har ila yau, sanannun irin wa] annan koguna kamar Awash da Omo .
Mafi yawa a Habasha da tafkuna, da salin da ruwan ruwan. Yawancin su suna cikin Rundunar Rift. Amma tafkin mafi girma a Habasha, Tana, ba a haɗa shi ba. Wannan kandami yana da yanki na mita 3150. km a matsakaicin zurfin 15 m, shi ne daga wannan asalin Blue Nile.
Desert na Danakil
Wannan hamada yana cikin arewacin kasar. An kira shi wuri mafi tsanani da kuma rashin jin dadi a duniyarmu. Wuraren Sulfur wanda ke fitar da mai guba da mummunan iskar gas (yawan zafin jiki na acid a farfajiyarsu ya kai +60 ° C), dutsen mai fitattun wuta - duk wannan ya sa hamada ya zama wuri mai kyau ga fina-finai na harbi game da Jahannama.
Duk da haka, hamada na Danakil yana jan hankalin yawancin yawon bude ido, ciki harda godiya ga shimfidar wurare mai ban sha'awa, ban mamaki da nau'i da launi.
Za a iya kiran fasalin abubuwan da ke cikin wannan yanki:
- Dandalin dutsen Dallol shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci a Habasha da kuma hasken wuta mafi ƙasƙanci a duniya. Dutsen yana da mita 48 a kasa. A lokacin fashewa da ya faru a 1915, wani tafkin violet-rawaya tare da korera. A hanyar, littafin Anuhu game da wannan yanki an rubuta shi a matsayin abyss, kuma an ce cewa apocalypse zai fara ne daga nan (bisa ga misali, a cikin kwatanta ƙarshen duniya yana da sauƙi don gano bayanin ɓangaren dutsen tsawa).
- Lake Assala. Yankinsa ya dubi hanyar da ta fi dacewa: ita ce mafi yawan tafkin saline a duniya (koda Uyuni solonchak a Bolivia ba ta da daraja da shi ta hanyar salin). Gilashin gishiri suna samar da siffofi mafi banƙyama na yawancin bambancin.
- Lake Erta Ale (kuma ya yi amfani da "Ertale"). Har ila yau, tafkin yana kama da Underworld: yana da tafkin tafasa kuma ba daskarewa ba. An located a cikin dutse na dutsen mai fitattun wuta na wannan suna .
Furotin na Habasha
Bugu da ƙari, godiya ga yanayin yanki na ƙasar, kusan dukkanin yankuna masu ciyayi za a iya samuwa a ƙasashenta: hamada, masarauta, tsire-tsire na wurare masu zafi, tsabtace tsaunuka, tsaunukan tsaunuka, da sauransu.:
- Yankin kudu maso gabashin. Kusan dukkanin wannan yanki an yi shi ne ta hanyar kira - ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙasashen Habasha (har zuwa 1700 m sama da tekun). Ya ƙunshi bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire irin na Habasha, kuma tare da koguna - savannas da shrubs (acacia, myrrh, balanitis, da dai sauransu) da kuma kowane itace masu ƙwaya.
- Ta Kudu da tsakiyar tsakiyar tsaunuka. Waɗannan su ne savannas na daban-daban biyan kuɗi tare da wuraren cike da gandun daji. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a nan - duk guda acacia, da ficus giant, itace mai ƙanshi, m. A wasu wurare, an adana wuraren daji na bamboo, inda tsire-tsire ta kai ga tsawo fiye da 10 m.
- Kudu maso yammacin yankin. An rufe shi da tsire-tsire masu ruwan sama na wurare masu zafi. A nan akwai itacen baƙin ƙarfe, ficus, igiya, sizigum, da kuma kofi suna girma a matsayin mai lalacewa.
- Mountain Savannah. A tsawon tsaunin daga 1700-2400 m akwai belt-degas bel. Mafi tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna da zaitun daji, abyssinian ya tashi. A gefen tafkuna akwai manyan kaya, kuma akwai bishiya kamar bishiya.
- Tsare-tsaren Farko. Yana faruwa a wannan yankin. Mafi tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna itace mai launin rawaya, mai tsayi mai tsayi, cakulan fensir. Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi, akwai ruwaya wanda aka yi amfani da shi a ƙasashen Larabawa don yin amfani da shi, kuma ephedra yana da girma.
- Belts na Degas da Chok. Na farko an samo a tsawon 2500 zuwa 3800 m, ana nuna shi da gandun daji na bamboo da kuma yankunan tsayi da yawa (Abyssinian rose, bishiya kamar heather, da sauransu). Har ma mafi girma shine belin ƙugiya, inda babban shuka shi ne lobelia da tsirrai masu tsirrai.
- Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin Habasha masu tuddai suna da yawa EQUALIPTAL groves - an dasa wannan shuka, tun daga ƙarshen karni na XIX, don sake mayar da sassan tudun.
Fauna
A bayyane yake cewa tare da irin wannan albarkatun flora, nau'in jinsunan dabban dabba na Habasha yana da yawa. A nan za ku iya samun kusan dukkanin nau'in fauna da ke zaune a nahiyar Afrika. Yawancin dabbobi da dama suna zaune a Habasha:
- Jackal Habasha (Syamenskaya fox);
- Antelope-Nyala;
- Goat na Habasha;
- Abyssinian colobus.
Dabbobi mafi yawan dabbobi suna jackals, foxes da hyenas. Zaka iya samun rhinoceroses, hippos, zebras, giraffes, antelopes, da kuma sharudda - leopards, cheetahs, servalov, da dai sauransu. Habasha ba abin da ake kira aljanna ga masu koyon ilimin halitta - akwai nau'in tsuntsaye 920:
- kaya;
- tsuntsaye rhino;
- masu saƙa;
- ostriches;
- dabbobin blue-winged geese;
- Ogari;
- variegated da sauran.
Yankunan kiyayewa
Ba za a ce cewa kiyaye yanayin yanayi a Habasha ya yi kyau ba, amma a kasar akwai 9 gandun daji na kasa , wadanda ke kare su ta hanyar tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da kuma marasa lafiya na musamman.
Mafi shahararren shahararrun mutane a cikin yawon bude ido sune shakatawa:
- Avash , a cikin sashinta na dutsen tsaunin Fentale da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa masu zafi;
- wurin shakatawa na Dutsen Bale , inda yarinyar Habasha, dutsen Nyala da kare kare suna tsaro;
- Simen - akwai mazaunin Abyssinian da ke zaune, da biri gelada, da Habasha;
- Nechisar , a kan yankunan da akwai Chamo da Abai Lakes; Gidan ya zama gida ga bishiyoyi, baƙi fata, shrub aladu.
Daga cikin sauran wuraren shakatawa na kasar nan wajibi ne a yi suna kamar haka:
- Abidjata-Shala;
- Gambela ;
- Omo;
- Mago;
- Yanglai.