Ɗaya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi mayar da hankali a magani shi ne ilimin ilimin halitta, tun kwanan nan, da rashin alheri, lokuta na gano ƙwayar cutar ciwon ƙwayar cuta sun karu da muhimmanci. Don farkon ganewar asalin ciwon daji, ana bada shawara ga wadanda ba su da masaniya - cewa ba a san wannan ba ga dukkan marasa lafiya, saboda haka sau da yawa ana gudanar da wannan binciken ba tare da rikici ba, kuma sakamakonsa bai dace ba. Amma idan ka yi daidai, zaka iya kaucewa ci gaba da cigaban ciwon sukari, da kuma kimanta tasirin farfadowa.
Mene ne gwaje-gwaje na jini ya nuna don ƙayyadaddun kaya?
Duk wani mummunar ƙwayar cuta a cikin jiki ya ɓoye nau'o'in nau'o'in sunadaran gina jiki wadanda ake kira oncomarkers. Kowace ƙwayar yana da ƙwayoyin jikinsa na musamman, wanda zai yiwu ya bambanta shi daga sauran ciwon daji da kuma gudanar da ganewar asali daban-daban.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa babban bincike na masu kamuwa da kwayar halitta ya ƙunshi nau'o'in sunadaran da dama:
- CA 19-9;
- B-2-MG;
- REA;
- AFP;
- CA 72-4;
- HCG;
- CA 125;
- PSA;
- NCE;
- CA 15-3;
- UBC;
- CPCA.
Kowace kungiyoyi sun dace da gano ainihin ƙirar yanayi da yanayin ƙwayar. Sabili da haka, likita ba a taba yin nazarin dukkanin aikinsu ba. Don ganewar asali, akwai nau'ikan daga 1 zuwa 3 nau'in gina jiki.
Bugu da kari, bincike da aka yi la'akari da shi, tare da abubuwan da ke da amfani, yana da ƙwayoyin rashin ƙarfi:
- Akwai wasu cututtuka da ba su da dangantaka da ilimin kimiyya, wanda ke haifar da wuce haddi na al'ada na al'ada a kan kamfanoni.
- Rashin sunadarai a cikin jini bai riga ya nuna cewa babu tumbo cikin jiki ba.
- Sakamakon binciken ya dogara sosai akan aikin hanta da kodan.
- Oncomarkers na musamman ne kawai don wani nau'i na nama, ba kwaya ba. Sabili da haka, wannan alamar zata iya danganta da neoplasms a sassa daban daban na jiki.
- Yana da muhimmanci mu duba yawancin sunadarai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje akai-akai, wanda ya fi dacewa akan wannan kayan aiki.
Bisa la'akari da abubuwan da ke sama, wannan binciken ya kara da sauran hanyoyin bincike - radiyo, MRI, duban dan tayi.
Yaya za a gudanar da bincike a kan kamfanoni?
A matsayinka na mulkin, ana buƙatar jini mai zubar da jini don bincike. Ana ɗauka a cikin komai a ciki, ba a baya ba bayan sa'o'i takwas bayan cin abinci.
Wasu lokuta mazamanci suna binciken fitsari. Da ruwa kuma ya sallama da safe, kafin karin kumallo.
Ayyukan ƙaddamar da jini game da manyan alamun ƙwayar tumo
Koda a cikin mutum mai lafiya, mahaɗin sunadarai na nau'in da aka kwatanta suna cikin jiki. Saboda haka, ga kowane ɗayan su iyakokin iyakoki an saita:
- CA 19-9 - ba fiye da 30 IU / ml;
- REA - daga 0 zuwa 5 ng / ml;
- CA 242 - ba sama da 30 IU / ml;
- AFP - har zuwa 5 IU / ml;
- CA 72-4 - ba fiye da 4 IU / ml;
- HCG - ba ya wuce 5 IU / l;
- CA 125 - 0 zuwa 30 IU / ml;
- PSA - 0 zuwa 4 IU / ml;
- B-2-MG - daga 660 zuwa 2740 ng / ml;
- NCE - 0 zuwa 15 ng / ml;
- CA 15-3 - 0 zuwa 22 IU / ml;
- UBC - daga 0 zuwa 15 ng / ml.
Don CSA, bincike ya zama dole kawai idan matakin PSA ya wuce 4 IU / ml. A irin waɗannan lokuta, yawan adadin CSA zuwa PSA an ƙidaya.
Fassarar sakamakon sakamakon binciken akan wadanda aka yi la'akari da su
Kamar yadda aka ambata, kowane nau'in gina jiki ya dace da wasu nau'in ciwon sukari:
- PSA da cpsA - ciwon daji na prostate;
- CA 19-9 - ciwon daji na pancreatic ;
- CEA - ciwon ciwon ciki na ciki, huhu, madaidaicin, mallaka. Har ila yau, ya nuna ciwace-ciwon daji na lacteal, thyroid, pancreas, ovaries;
- CA 242 - ciwon ciwon ciwon daji da ƙwayar zuciya, pancreas;
- AFP - ciwon ciwon hanta;
- CA 72-4 - ciwon daji na ciki, ovary;
- HCG - ciwon daji na ovarian, ƙwayar maganin maganin tumbura, maganin cututtukan kwayar cutar, ciwon ƙwayar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta;
- CA 125 - ciwon daji na ovarian;
- B-2-MG - B-cell lymphocytic cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, myeloma m ;
- NSE - ciwon daji na huhu, thyroid, pancreas, neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma;
- CA 15-3 - ciwon daji, mafitsara;
- UBC ne ciwon daji.