Dasa apples a spring seedlings suna da muhimmanci dokoki da farawa bukatar sani

Tare da yanayin zafi, mutane da dama suna sha'awar dasa bishiyoyi a cikin bazara. Wannan yana da amfani sosai da itace na 'ya'yan itace. Duk da haka, ba duk masoya ba, musamman ma wadanda suka fara shiga, sun san yadda za su dasa itacen apple don su iya samo tushe, ba tare da saukewa ba, kuma ba da daɗewa ba sun fara girbi.

Yadda za a shuka apple seedlings a cikin bazara?

Tsasa tsire-tsire apple yana fara da sayan su. Kana buƙatar saya itace, wanda ya dace da yankin da aka zaɓa. Sayen itacen bishiya, yana da muhimmanci a la'akari da bambancin juna na iri, bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kuma ga ovary suna buƙatar wasu bishiyoyi ko iri. Samun tsirrai masu shuka mafi girma, girma su kasance aƙalla 120-130 cm Lokacin hawa da asalinsu, dole ne a tsabtace bishiyoyi - ya kamata a nannade su tare da zane mai tsabta kuma boye cikin jaka.

Yaushe zaku iya dasa itatuwan apple a cikin bazara?

Baya ga dasa shuki itacen apple a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire shi ne, an riga an ƙarfafa itatuwan da ƙarfin zuciya da jure yanayin hunturu. Tsarin zai fara ne lokacin da shafi na ma'aunin thermometer ya zauna a sama sama da 0 ° C, ƙasa ta motsa daga sanyi kuma ta girgiza, don keta kodan. Yarda lokaci don apple itatuwa a spring:

1. A cikin kudancin gundumomi na dasa fara a tsakiyar watan Afrilu.
2. A tsakiyar hanya, lokacin dace shine ƙarshen Afrilu.
3. A arewacin, ana bada shawara don tsayar da itatuwan apple ba a baya fiye da tsakiyar watan Mayu ba.

A ina za a dasa apples a shafin?

Dole a zabi wurin da za a dasa bishiyoyi-shuke-shuken:

1. An yi amfani da albarkatu masu nisa ba kusa da 3 m daga iyakar gonar lambu ba, wanda ba ya da ƙarfin - ba kusa da 2 m.
2. Tsarin nisa na ruwan teku dole ne a kalla 1-1.5 m.
3. Lokacin da dasa shuki wasu itatuwan apple, nesa tsakanin su ya zama akalla 4 m.

Ana bada shawara don tsayar da itatuwan apple a wuraren da bishiyoyi ba su yi girma ba. Bayan an shafe tsofaffin samfurori, ana dasa gonar na tsawon shekaru 1-2 tare da legumes ko manoma, sai aka dasa itacen apple. Ko dai dukkanin ƙasa dole ne a maye gurbin a cikin rassan dasa a cikin yankunan maganin seedlings. Wannan itace yana son kasa mai laushi. Sabili da haka, idan kasar gona a kan shafin yana da haske, ya kamata a diluted tare da peat da kogin yashi, idan yashi - peat da humus.

Yaya za a datse itacen apple a lokacin da dasa shuki?

Ko da tare da mafi tsinkaya daga cikin gandun daji, wani ɓangare na tushen ya karya, wanda zai rikita ma'auni tsakanin tushen tsarin da ƙasa ɓangare na amfanin gona. Ana yanke itacen bishiya a lokacin da aka dasa a cikin bazara don ya zama kambi. An yanke wasu tsirrai mai shekaru daya zuwa 90-110 cm daga jirgin saman ƙasa, yayin da a cikin kambi, sun rage by 1/3 duk igiya.

Yadda za a shuka apple seedlings?

Lokacin da itacen ya samo asali, wajibi ne a kiyaye ka'idodin dasa itacen apple - don shirya rami mai kyau, don takin ƙasa, don gyara sprout, to, kula da shi yadda ya dace. Kafin aikin, dole ne a shawo kan asalin al'ada. Domin wannan, zaka iya riƙe itacen apple a guga na ruwa na awa 24. Saboda haka tushen tsarin zai zama mai dadi sosai, wanda zai kare shi daga bushewa.

Yadda za a shirya rami don dasa itacen apple a cikin bazara?

An dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a bishiyoyi a cikin rami da aka haƙa a gaba. Ya kamata a shirya kwanaki 7-10 kafin hanyar. Dole ne a lura da sigogi na gaba don rijiyar:

1. Don high maki (2 m) - diamita 100-110 cm, zurfin - 70 cm;
2. Don matsakaici (1.2 m - 2 m) - diamita 100 cm, zurfin - 60 cm;
3. Don tsararre (har zuwa 1.2 m) - diamita 90 cm, zurfin - 50 cm.

Ana shirya rami don dasa shuki bishiyoyi a spring:

1. Gwada rami a ƙarƙashin seedling, ya zama dole don raba ƙasa - saman Layer (har zuwa 30 cm, mafi girma) - don raba, za a yi amfani dashi don dasa.
2. Dole ne a rabu da ramin da aka fado da shi da felu, cika kasa tare da tubalin fashe, tile, gilashin goro. Irin wannan takarda zai zama cikakkiyar shinge na dadi mai zurfi.
3. Tattalin ta wannan hanya rami don 2/3 fada barci tare da wani Layer daga ɗakin da aka saka da man da takin mai magani.

Yaya daidai shuka shuke-shuke apple?

A cikin shirye rami daidai dasa na apple seedlings an sanya:

1. An jefa kullun a cikin rami - wannan shine goyan baya don seedling.
2. An sanya itace a tsakiyar shinge, an kafa asalinsu a wurare daban-daban kuma suna rufe su da wani wuri mai kyau na ƙasa, wanda ba zato ba tsammani, ya raya shi.
3. Dasa tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a spring spring ana yi domin shafin girma na gangar jikin tare da asali ya kasance yana dauke dashi a sama da mataki na mita 4-5.
4. A gefuna na rami an kara kara su sosai.
5. Kullun itacen apple ya daidaita a kan gungumen, yakamata ya zama m 1.5 m sama da kasa.
6. Yanayin halayen bazara yana da karimci. Ana yin amfani da ruwa sosai ga matasan seedlings har sai qasa ta watsar da ruwa. Don yin wannan, yi rami a cikin'irar kewaye da tushe. Don ban ruwa sau da yawa sau 3-4 buckets na ruwa.
7. Bayan itace ya kamata a rufe shi da launi na 3-6 cm Don yin wannan, amfani da peat, humus, bambaro. Mulch na hana ƙaddamar da ɓawon burodi a ƙasa, yana jin daɗin adana ruwan danshi da kuma sanya iskar oxygen zuwa tushen.

Da takin mai magani a dasa bishiyoyin bishiyoyi a cikin bazara

Lokacin da dasa shuki bishiyoyi tare da sautuka, ana ba da rami tare da cakuda abinci. Saboda haka, an hade saman kanin da takin gargajiya (1-2 buckets) da ma'adinai (200-300 g superphosphate , 40-60 g potassium chloride ko 300-400 g na itace ash). An kwashe ruwan magani a kasan rami kafin dasa shuki. Magungunan Nitrogenous a cikin rami ba su taimakawa don guje wa tushen ƙonewa. Bayan mako guda, sabon watering da fertilizing na apple seedlings bayan dasa. An sake wanke itacen tare da ruwa mai girma, kara da shi da nitrogen-dauke da gauraye - 35-40 grams na nitroammophoska ko ammonium nitrate da lita 10 na ruwa.

Yadda za a magance apple seedlings bayan dasa shuki?

Yara al'adu na bukatar kulawa mai kyau:

1. A apple seedlings suna pruned bayan dasa. An rage shi ta hanyar jagorancin tsakiya na 3-4 kodan - wannan yana ƙarfafa ci gaban tazarar. Idan har yanzu yana da rassan skeletal, to suna bukatar su zama masu biyayya ga harbe-harbe na tsakiya-dole ne su kasance kasa da shi.
2. A farkon shekara ta rayuwa, kulawa da itacen apple itace dacewa da dacewa da kariya daga kwari. A farkon 5-6 makonni waterling ruwa guga na ruwa mako-mako. Sa'an nan kuma karara ta ƙara - 2-3 buckets na ruwa kowane 2-3 makonni.
3. An kiyaye sigin raga daga lalacewa, da sassare da cike da humus ko ciyawa. Lokacin da itacen apple ya shiga lokacin fruiting, za a iya tsayar da mulching.
4. A watan Mayu, bayan dasa bishiya-itacen za a iya shafe shi da sodium humate - tsarma 1 tbsp. wani cokali na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin guga na ruwa da kuma fesa da shuka, lita 2 na cakuda zasu bar wata itace.
5. Don kada ku yayyafa wani matashi da ilmin sunadarai, zaka iya shirya tsuntsaye tsuntsaye a cikinta - zasu halakar da kwari. Yayinda bishiya itace matashi, ana iya cire parasites da hannu.
6. Wato na gaba, fara farawa - mai gudanarwa na tsakiya kuma rassan raƙuman raƙuman sun ragu da kashi 2/3 na tsawon, an cire magungunan da aka yanke da kuma cututtukan da suke girma a cikin reshe. An kafa kambi a kan itace na shekaru biyar na farko, to, ana sanya kayan shafa kawai.
7. A girma itace ana bi da su kwari: 700 g na urea suna narkar da a lita 10 na ruwa da kuma ban ruwa da kambi. Zaka iya amfani da bayani na 3% na jan ƙarfe ko ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe. Ana gudanar da tsari a cikin bazara har sai an bude koda. Bayan flowering, itacen yana irrigated tare da 10% bayani na Carbophos, Aktellik. Na uku ban ruwa an yi a cikin fall bayan fall na ganye tare da 5% bayani na urea.
8. Mature apple trees suna bayar sau da yawa:

1. A karshen watan Afrilu, ana buɗaɗa buckets na humus guda goma tare da radiyo.
2. Kafin flowering: 800 g na potassium sulfate, 1 kg na superphosphate, 1 kwalban Effeton an zuba a cikin wani ganga 200 lita. Jiko ya nace a mako guda, amfani - lita 40 a kowane itace.
3. Lokacin da aka zuba 'ya'yan itacen zuwa lita 200 na ganga na ruwa, 200 g na sodium humate, 1 kg na nitrofoss suna diluted. An shayar da maganin tare da ganga mai tsabta, amfani shine sau 3 na kowane itace.
4. A cikin fall, 300 g na superphosphate za a iya zuba a karkashin akwati.

A wace shekara ne itacen apple ya kai 'ya'yan itace bayan dasa shuki?

Da farko masu lambu suna da sha'awar wannan tambaya - bayan shekaru nawa itacen apple ya ba da 'ya'ya bayan dasa. Wannan ita ce siffar rumman, a matsakaita, daga inda yake da daraja adadin amfanin gona kawai shekaru 5 bayan tsigewa na dan shekara daya. Akwai nau'o'in dake da 'ya'yan itace da sauri - don shekaru 3-4 suna ba da sakamakon Welsey ko Lobo, dandaf subspecies kuma don Allah tare da samfurori masu sauri. Idan ka dasa shuki mai shekaru 2-3 a gonar, to, bayan shekaru 2-3 zaka iya gwada apples daga gare ta. Ana amfani da 'ya'yan itace mai bushe mai bushe ta hanyar busassun yanayi da yanayin zafi, kuma ruwan sama yana rage saukar da ciyayi.