Glandar parathyroid wani ɓangare ne na tsarin endocrine. Ta na da manufa ta musamman a rayuwar jikin. Idan akwai hakki a cikin aikinta, canjin hormonal ya canza, wanda zai haifar da ci gaban cututtuka.
Girashin Parathyroid - rawar jiki a jiki
Hakanan wannan kwayar tsarin tsarin endocrin yayi kama da "islet". Adadin gland yana bambanta. A cikin kashi 80 cikin 100 na yawan mutane akwai nau'i biyu na "tsibirin" parasitic, kuma ga sauran - daga 6 zuwa 12 guda. Kodayake waɗannan halayen suna katsewa, suna aiki ne kawai. Wadannan "tsibirin" sun kunshi nau'i biyu na sel. Dark kyallen takarda samar da hormone parathyroid. Kwayoyin haske basu da ɗan aiki.
Hormones na parathyroid gland suna da sunayen da yawa:
- jaraba;
- Ƙididdiga;
- parathyreocrine.
A gaskiya ma, an tsara glandin parathyroid don yin aiki na musamman: yana sarrafa matakin calcium cikin jiki. An aiwatar da Dokar ta hanyar kishiyar sakamako. A gefen "tsibirin" akwai masu karɓa na musamman. Suna auna ma'auni mai launi. Idan waɗannan "masu duba" sun gano alamar mai nuna alamar kashi, to, nan da nan siginar don kunna fararen parathyroid. Sun hada da hormone parathyroid.
A sakamakon haka, wadannan canje-canje na faruwa a jiki:
- Adadin ƙwayar da aka cire a cikin fitsari yana ragewa (an samu wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa yawancin wannan nau'ikan yana shafewa a cikin ƙananan tubules);
- karin magunguna na bitamin D , wanda ya haifar da ƙara yawan matakan calcitriol, wanda ke cikin samar da sinadaran;
- Kwayoyin da ke halakar da kasusuwa na fata suna kunna, don haka alamar ma'auni a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa.
Daidaran aikin glandon Parathyroid
Wannan yanayin ilimin halitta, wanda ya nuna rashin samar da nauyin parathyroid hormone, ko rage rage jin daɗin masu karɓa na nama. Dalilin dalilan hypofunction (sunan kimiyya - hypoparathyroidism) sun hada da:
- cututtuka na nakasassu , lokacin da aka samar da kwayoyin cutar zuwa jikin glandular;
- yawancin bitamin D kasa;
- kau da thyroid gland shine giya ;
- guba guba (gubar, carbon dioxide, da sauransu);
- ciwo zuwa wuyansa, wanda ya haifar da ciwon jini a cikin kwayar endocrine;
- matakan da ke faruwa a jiki;
- babban kashi na watsi da rediyo;
- Glanden parathyroid karkashin kasa;
- metastases.
Don yin hukunci cewa glandin parathyroid yana da nasaba, to alamun zai taimaka. Sun bambanta da juna a farkon matakin cutar, tare da ci gaba da cutar kuma tare da rashin ƙarfi na kullum na parathyroid hormone. Kwayar cututtuka na iya ƙarawa tare da damuwa, saboda hypothermia ko overheating. Hanyoyin cututtuka na farko na hypoparathyroidism sun hada da:
- ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin hannu da tingling;
- spasms a kafafu ko hannayensu;
- sanyi , wadda aka maye gurbin da zafi.
Lokacin da cutar ta ci gaba zuwa alamun da ke sama, waɗannan alamu sun hada da:
- tachycardia;
- irritability;
- cataract da sauran matsalolin ophthalmic;
- haɓuka (sun kasance suna daidaitawa kuma suna ciwo da zafi);
- ciwon kai;
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- hotunan hoto.
Yayin da ilimin cututtuka ke ɗauka a kan wani nau'i na yau da kullum, an haɗa shi da wadannan alamun bayyanar:
- m gashi asarar;
- ƙara yawan bushewa daga fata da kuma peeling;
- an lalata enamel hakori;
- Ƙididdigewa na kusoshi an lura.
Hyperfunction na glanden parathyroid
Wannan halin yana nuna wani aiki na musamman na "tsibirin" ko sassa daban-daban na cikinsu. Ƙara yawan samar da hormone na parathyroid da ƙaddamar da alli a cikin jinin jini. Akwai hyperparathyroidism na farko da sakandare. Na farko yana fusatar da dalilai masu zuwa:
- ilimin lissafi a cikin tsarin endocrine;
- adenoma;
- hyperplasia;
- carcinoma.
Cikakken jijiyar sakandare na biyu ya faru ne saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- rashi na alli da kuma bitamin D;
- liyafar kwayoyin antionvulsant;
- rashin lafiya a cikin sashin kwayar halitta;
- ƙananan insufinity .
Hyperfunction na girar parathyroid a farkon mataki yana tare da wadannan bayyanar cututtuka:
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- zafi a kasusuwa;
- wahala mai tsanani;
- ciwon kai.
Hyperparathyroidism na iya samun nau'o'i daban-daban:
- ƙananan gogewa;
- gastrointestinal;
- kashi;
- neuropsychic.
Glandar parathyroid - alamun cututtuka na cutar a cikin mata
Duk wani cuta ya fi sauƙi a bi da shi a matakin farko. Saboda wannan dalili, idan mace ta lura da alamu daya ko fiye da ci gaba da ilimin pathology, dole ne mutum ya tuntubi endocrinologist nan da nan. Ba za ku iya jira - yana da haɗari! Maganin alamar parathyroid glanders na iya samun nau'o'in bayyanar cututtuka: yafi yawa ya dogara da irin cutar da ta kai hari ga jikin. Dukansu suna nuna babbar matsala.
Paraproid hyperplasia
Wannan ciwon abu ne mai illa a cikin aikin endocrin tsarin, wanda yake tare da kyawawan kwayoyi na parathyroid hormone. Wannan cututtukan yana hade da karuwa a cikin ƙwayar parathyroid a cikin girman. An bincikar da su a matsayin manya, kuma a cikin yara. A farkon lokaci cutar ta ci gaba da haɗari. Binciken likita kawai ya nuna wannan cuta.
A lokacin da hyperplasia ta hanyar parathyroid ya dauka a kan wani nau'i na kwarai, marasa lafiya suna kokawar wannan yanayin:
- lalata;
- ciwo mai tsanani a cikin gidajen abinci;
- rushewa a cikin yankin na narkewa;
- ragowar sojojin;
- tashin zuciya.
Yawan daɗaɗɗen ƙwayar parathyroid yana ƙaruwa, yawancin bayyanar dukkanin bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana. Sprawl na "tsibirin" yana kaiwa ga hypercalcemia, wanda yake tare da:
- anemia;
- Maganin ma'adinai a kan labarun da ke biye bayan ci gaba;
- kwakwalwa;
- ƙananan insuwa;
- arthritis da sauransu.
Parathyroid adenoma
Wannan mummunan ciwo ne na wani yanayi marar kyau wanda ya haifar da ƙananan samar da hormone parathyroid. A cikin mata, wannan rashin lafiya an gano shi a cikin 2, har ma sau 3 sau da yawa fiye da maza. A cikin haɗari mai haɗari, mata masu shekaru 20-50. Adenoma na parathyroid gland yana tare da wadannan symptomatology:
- nauyi asarar nauyi;
- arthralgia;
- Nausea;
- shakatawa;
- asarar ci;
- zafi a kasusuwa;
- bakin ciki;
- asarar hakora;
- hauhawar jini;
- ƙara karuwa;
- ƙara yawan karfin zuciya.
Glandar Parathyroid - ganewar asali
Don tabbatar da kasancewa da wani cututtuka na yanayin endocrin, likita ya rubuta cikakken jarrabawa. Anyi nazari ne a hanyoyi daban daban. Irin wannan maganin ya zama dole a cikin wadannan lokuta:
- lalata da kuma sauran alamomi na karuwa da rashin tausayi;
- numbness na wata gabar jiki;
- koda koda;
- osteoporosis na rashin sani da ilimin halitta.
Parathyroid scintigraphy
Wannan hanyar bincike har zuwa yau an dauke shi mafi daidai. Anyi amfani da scintigraphy na parathyroid ta amfani da isotopes radioactive. An gabatar da su cikin jiki zuwa ga mai haƙuri, sannan kuma tare da kayan aiki na musamman an rubuta su. Duk da haka, wannan hanyar ganewar asali ba yarda da ciki, lactating da ƙima mata (idan nauyi ya wuce 150 kg).
Duban dan tayi na glandar parathyroid
Wannan hanyar bincike bata buƙatar ƙarin horo. Duban dan tayi na parathyroid gland yana aikata kamar haka:
- Mai haƙuri yana dagewa a kan gado.
- Ana sanya abin kirki a karkashin ƙafarsa.
- Gel yana amfani da shafin don a bincika kuma ana gudanar da bincike.
- Ra'ayin irin waɗannan magungunan ultrasonic an saita su ta hanyar na'urar musamman (yana nuna su akan allon).
Nazarin kwayoyin parathyroid
Irin wannan hanyar bincike yana nuna hoto cikakke kuma mai dogara. Tun da hormones na parathyroid sun haifar da kwayoyin hormones, gwajin jini yana taimaka wajen gano ma'anar wannan abu a cikin magani. A lokaci guda kuma, za a iya yin nazari da yawa. An ba da jini don hormone parathyroid tare da bincike don phosphorus da alli. Wani bincike mai zurfi ya ba da damar endocrinologist don samun cikakken bayani game da jihar metabolism.
Parathyroid - magani
Bayan binciken gwadawa yana tabbatar da ganewar asali, mai binciken likitancin ya tsara hanya mafi kyau ga magance pathology. Za'a iya kula da glandin Parathyroid a hanyoyi biyu:
- magani - an umurce shi don gyara wani hormone;
- M - yana dauke da cikakkiyar cirewa na parathyroid gland.
Sakamakon gwagwarmaya na cutar ya danganta da dalilai daban-daban: nau'i na rashin lahani, mataki na cutar da sauran siffofin jikin mai haƙuri. Yayin da ake yin amfani da matsakaici a lokacin da aka kama, ana iya tsara mata irin wannan kwayoyi:
- antispasmodics;
- bitamin D;
- aluminum hydroxide;
- ƙaddara;
- magnesium sulphate;
- chloride ko sodium gluconate.
Ana amfani da kwayar cutar ta ƙarshe cikin intravenously. Injections an yi sau da yawa a rana. A lokaci guda kuma, wajan magani ne wanda ke dauke da wani ɓangare na ƙwayar parathyroid na dabba. Duk da haka, ba za'a iya yin amfani da maganin magungunan lokaci ba, domin suna samar da kayan karewa zuwa ga hormone parathyroid. A lokacin lokacin magani, likita yana sarrafa sigogi na phosphorus, calcium da magnesium a cikin jiki mai haƙuri.
Idan matsi na parathyroid yana karkashin kasa, irin wannan glandan yana buƙatar motsa jiki daga waje. Domin wannan likitan halitta zai iya rubuta wannan magani:
- injection intravenous na parathyroid hormone;
- ci na alli da bitamin D.
Yin aiki akan glandar parathyroid
Idan yanayin kula da endocrine ya yi watsi da shi ko kuma adenoma an gano, ba za a iya kauce tiyata ba. Dukkan cututtukan parathyroid na bukatar maganin gaggawa, don haka endocrinologist zai ba da shawara ga mai haƙuri kada yayi jinkirin aiki. Ana aiwatar da aikin hannu a karkashin wariyar launin fata. Hakan zai iya bambanta daga daya zuwa sa'o'i.
Hanyar Parathyroid
A lokacin aikin, likitan likita ya tantance yanayin "tsibirin" da kuma matakin da suka yi nasara. Zai yi duk abin da zai hana yiwuwar sake dawowa. Ana iya aiwatar da sa hannu a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:
- Thyroidectomy.
- Tiyata don cire glandar parathyroid (ɗaya ko fiye da nau'i-nau'i).
- Kashe yankin da ya shafa.
Jiyya na maganin parathyroid gland
Tare da dysfunction na tsarin endocrine, za'a iya amfani da hanyoyi na magani dabam. Ya kamata a yi amfani da su kawai bayan yarjejeniya da endocrinologist. Yin amfani da kai yana da haɗari, kamar yadda zai iya haifar da sakamakon da ba zai yiwu ba. Idan, alal misali, an gano adenoma na parathyroid, maganin maganin magungunan jama'a yana da tasiri ne kawai a farkon aikin maganin pathology.
Oat broth a hyperfunction
Sinadaran:
- unatsun hatsi - 2 tbsp. spoons;
- 2,5% mai abun ciki na madara - 1 l;
- ruwa - 1 lita.
Shiri, yin amfani da:
- An zuba tsaba da ruwa kuma an kawo hatsi a tafasa.
- Rage wuta zuwa ƙananan kuma bazuwa da broth 3-3.5 hours.
- Zuba cikin madara, kawo cakuda zuwa tafasa.
- Cire yi jita-jita daga wuta kuma ya nace wani decoction na 8-10 hours.
- Tsoma miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma ku sha a daidai lokacin cikin rana.