A cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa, yawancin matsalolin kiwon lafiya an warware su a kan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwararren likita. Dole na likita don taimakawa ba kawai lokacin marasa lafiya ba, har ma da kudi. A lokuta da dama, yana iya maye gurbin likitoci na ƙwararrun matsala kuma har ma tawagar gaggawa.
Janar gwada - wanene wannan?
Ziyarci asibiti tare da wasu alamu, mutum yana ƙoƙari ya fara zuwa likitancin farko. A wannan yanayin, marasa lafiya suna da wuya su tambayi: babban jami'in likita ne a cikin asibiti. Kwararren likitan iyali kuma yana jagorancin liyafar a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, amma yawancin ayyukansa ya fi yawa. Godiya ga shawarar likita, zaka iya tabbatar da ganewar asali ba tare da bincike mai mahimmanci da binciken bincike ba.
Kwararren likita da kuma babban jami'in aiki shine bambanci
Kwararren likitancin likita ne masanin ilimin lissafi da ilimi a duk bangarorin magani. Babban abu, yadda mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ya bambanta daga babban likita, shine ikon aikinsa. Ayyukan dan gwani na iyali sun haɗa da karin maki. Ba kamar mai ilimin kwantar da hankali ba, likita da aka kwatanta zai iya yin maganin da yafi sauki da kuma maganin warkewa, an saka kayansa a ofishinsa.
Janar gwada - cancanta
Masanin ilimin kimiyya na farko ya karbi ilimi na ilimi mafi girma. Ba dukkan marasa lafiya sun fahimci abin da "janar" yake nufi ba, yana rikitarwa da likita. Irin wannan likita yana da cancantar ci gaba. Don karɓar ta bayan takardar shaidar diflomasiyya da kuma horarwa, dole ne ka kammala aikin zama a cikin kwararru "Ma'aikatar Iyali (Janar Haɗin Kasuwanci)". Ma'aikata na asibitoci, waɗanda suka sami ilimi mai zurfi kafin gabatar da wannan cancantar, za su iya shawo kan fara karatun farko.
A ina ne mai aikin gwada aiki zai iya aiki?
Masanin likita na iyali ne na musamman a duniya wanda ya ba ka damar yin aiki a cikin asibitoci da na kamfanoni. Duk da yake aikin mai sana'a na gaba ba shi da daraja a game da biyan kuɗi, masu sana'a da dama sun buɗe ɗakin ɗakin dakunan kansu. Wasu likitoci kawai ke hulɗa da shawara ɗaya daga daya ko fiye da iyalai.
Kayan aiki na ofishin gwamna
Masanin da aka kwatanta zai iya yin bincike daban-daban da kuma maganin warkewa. Masanin likita ba wai kawai wani samfurin waya, thermometer da tonometer ba, har ma wasu na'urori. Dogaro a asibitin likita ya zama duk kayan kayan da ake bukata don aikin likita, likita da kayan aiki masu zuwa:
- katin lantarki mai ɗaukar hoto;
- defibrillator;
- masu sharhi masu bayani na fitsari, glucose, cholesterol, cardiomarkers cikin jini;
- Smokey;
- bugun gwaura;
- kayan aiki don auna ma'auni na jiki (Sikeli, rostometer, agogo mai tsayi, pedometer, cokali mai magunguna da sauransu);
- Kayan aiki;
- spirometer;
- na'urori na samun iska;
- pikfluometer;
- Tonometer don aunawa matsi na asusun;
- baka;
- Kit don kaya;
- Dynamometers;
- Breathalyzer;
- gynecological sa, makami;
- na'urori na musamman (mai riƙe da harshe, rotor-expander, guttural forceps da sauransu);
- Alamar tracheotomy;
- Ophthalmoscope;
- kayan aiki don ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da kuma kulawa (matsakaici, garkuwar katako, kullun, mafitsara da sauransu);
- Hanyar sarrafawa;
- salo;
- oxygen inhaler;
- aspirator;
- bactericidal irradiator;
- na'urorin neurological (guduma, jagorar haske);
- motsa jiki da sauransu.
- Sileile scalpels da wasu na'urorin.
Menene babban jami'in yake yi?
Kwararren likitancin likita yana da hannu wajen samar da kowane nau'i na likita a kan asali. Idan mai yin haƙuri ya bi da abin da ba a haɗa shi ba a cikin jerin abin da babban likita ke bi, an kira shi gwani na musamman. Dikita yana lura da duk matakai na ganewar asali da farfadowa na "ward", kamar yadda ya cancanta, yana daidaitawa.
Janar gwada - aikin aiki
Maganin likita na daukar tsawon lokaci na lura da yanayin marasa lafiya, ƙungiyar shawarwari na likitoci na musamman da kuma nazarin gwaje-gwaje, jiyya marasa lafiya da kuma rigakafin cututtuka. Babban ayyuka na GP:
- tarin cikakken tsarin aiki na dukan 'yan uwa;
- Kula da marasa lafiya ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin likita;
- fassarar ƙididdiga na musamman da nazari;
- ganewar asali;
- shigar da dukkan bayanai a cikin katin sirri;
- da nada wani magani mai mahimmanci, ziyartar asibiti idan ake bukata;
- ƙididdigar abubuwan haɗari ga ci gaba ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta;
- alurar riga kafi ;
- rajista na takardun likita (magunguna, sanarwa, takaddun shaida, katin izinin lafiya da sauransu);
- yana yin ciki (da wuya, sau da yawa yana shiga cikin likitan ilimin likita tare da likita na iyali);
- taimakon farko da shawarwari.
Nazarin da ake bukata
Masanin likita na iyali ya bada shawarar yawan gwajin gwaje-gwaje. Bayan shigarwa na farko, likita ya nada:
- nazarin jini na jini da fitsari;
- al'adun bacteriological ;
- immunological da biochemical jini gwaji ;
- bacterioscopy;
- biochemistry na fitsari.
Idan matakan gwaje-gwaje ba su isa ba, malamin kwararru na iyali ya jagoranci ƙarin gwaji:
- kwamitin hoton;
- gwajin jini don sukari;
- ganowa na oncomarkers ;
- virology;
- bincike don mamaye helminthic;
- cytology da sauransu.
Nau'ikan gwaji
Yawancin aikin da likitancin suka yi - wajibi sun haɗa da:
- sauraron zuciya da motsa jiki na sauti;
- nazarin kwayoyin lymph;
- ƙaddarar da baya da kirji;
- nazarin kunnuwan, larynx, hanci;
- faɗakarwa da tsarin tsarin narkewa da urinaryar;
- Nazarin gynecological;
- bincikar kimiyya game da tsarin tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta;
- nazarin kwayoyin hangen nesa;
- nazarin neurology da sauran hanyoyin bincike.
Yaushe zan ga GP?
Dalilin shawarwari tare da likita na iyali na iya zama canji a yanayin lafiyar jiki ko yanayin jiki, ciki har da ciki. Kwararren kullun ba zai fara samin asali ba ne kawai kuma ya ba da shawarwari mai mahimmanci, amma kuma ya ci gaba da inganta tsarin kulawa da mutum. Idan wanda aka gano cutar ba shi da wani ƙwarewa, to an aika wa likitocin zuwa kwararru mai dacewa, jerin jerin gwajin gwaje-gwajen da ake bukata.
Dan likita na iyali zai taimaka tare da wadannan alamun bayyanar:
- high jiki zazzabi;
- rash on fata;
- ciwo mai narkewa;
- ciwo na ciwo na kowane ƙarfi da kuma ƙaura;
- wahala mai tsanani;
- rashin barci;
- lalacewa na gani mai gani ko ji;
- bayyanar sabon ƙaura ko canza yanayin bayyanar da yake ciki;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, wahalar numfashi;
- dizziness, rage taro da hankali;
- tari, muryar murya;
- ƙuntatawa na hanci;
- mai kaifi tsalle a cikin karfin jini;
- ci gaba da aiki aiki;
- asarar rashin asara ko wadataccen kima;
- ƙishirwa, bushe baki;
- tingling a cikin sassan, numbness;
- iyakance na motsi na baya, ƙwayoyin;
- neuroses;
- abubuwan da ke damuwa da sauran alamu.
Jagoran likita
Bugu da ƙari, don magance cututtuka na yanzu, mai kula da iyali ya damu game da rigakafin abin da ya faru na pathologies. Bayanin likita na likita ya hada da shawarwari na asali don ci gaba da rayuwa mai kyau da kuma cikakken salon rayuwa:
- Samun barci sosai. Zai zama da kyau don zuwa hutawa ba daga baya fiye da sa'o'i 22-23 ba. Jimlar lokacin barci shine awa 8-10.
- Daidaita cin abinci. Ya kamata cin abinci ya ƙunshi bitamin, sunadarai, ma'adanai, amino acid da carbohydrates. Yana da muhimmanci a gamsar da bukatun jiki na yau da kullum saboda makamashi.
- Don ba lokaci don aiki na jiki. Kimanin likita ya ba da shawara - akalla minti goma na minti daya da safe.
- Ka guje wa ƙwaƙwalwa. Rarraba yana da mummunan tasiri ba kawai a kan yanayin tunanin ba, amma har yana kara tsarin tsarin rigakafi.
- Yayinda ya dace da cututtuka na kullum. Idan suturar sunadarai sun kasance, yana da mahimmanci don hana su sake dawowa, suna bin tsarin kariya na likita wanda likita ya umurta.
- Ku ziyarci shirye-shiryen lokaci akai. Yana da kyau a yi la'akari da cikakken aikin likita sau ɗaya a shekara, don tuntuɓi likitan dental, likitan gynecologist kowane watanni 6.