Tabbas, kowane mutum a kalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarsa ya zo a kan cutar, wanda magani ba zai iya yin ba tare da shan maganin rigakafi ba, kuma mutane da yawa suna da ra'ayi na dukiyar wadannan kwayoyi da siffofin amfani da su. Magungunan rigakafi sun kasu kashi-kashi, bambance-bambance tsakanin su, akasari, sun ƙunshi nauyin sunadarai, tsarin aikin da kuma irin ayyukan.
Bugu da ƙari, a kowace ƙungiya na maganin rigakafi ana amfani da kwayoyi masu yawa na zamani: maganin rigakafi na farko, na biyu ƙarni, da dai sauransu. Na ƙarshe, sababbin sababbin maganin maganin rigakafi sun bambanta daga waɗanda suka gabata tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa, mafi inganci, da sauƙi na gwamnati. A cikin wannan labarin, zamu bincika abin da shirye-shirye na ƙarni na ƙarshe suka kasance a kan jerin maganin maganin rigakafi daga ƙungiyar macrolide, da kuma abin da fasalinsu suke.
Ayyuka da aikace-aikacen macrolides
Magungunan rigakafin da suka danganci magungunan magunguna na macrolide ana daukar su daya daga cikin mafi yawan abin guba ga jikin mutum. Wadannan sunadaran hadaddun halittu masu nau'o'in halitta da na tsakiya. Sunyi haƙuri da yawa daga marasa lafiya, ba sa haifar halayyar halayen maganin rigakafi na wasu kungiyoyi. Wani muhimmin siffar macrolides shine ikon shiga cikin kwayoyin halitta, samar da ƙananan samfurori a cikinsu, da sauri kuma da kyau a rarraba cikin kyallen takarda da ƙwayoyi.
Macrolides suna da sakamako masu zuwa:
- bacteriostatic;
- anti-mai kumburi;
- immunomodulating.
Alamun mahimmanci don shan maganin rigakafi-macrolides sune:
- cututtuka na sashin jiki na numfashi da kuma ɓangaren jijiyoyi ( lokaci-lokaci , otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, mashako, ciwon huhu, diphtheria, tarin fuka, da dai sauransu);
- ƙwayar cuta ta bile;
- cututtuka na idanu (conjunctivitis, trachoma, da sauransu);
- peptic miki;
- cututtuka na fata da kayan yadu (ƙwayar cuta mai tsanani, erysipelas, mastitis, da dai sauransu);
- urogenital cututtuka, da dai sauransu.
Macrolides na yau
Na farko da miyagun ƙwayoyi na macrolide kungiyar shi ne erythromycin. Ya kamata a lura cewa ana amfani da wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi a aikin likita har yau, kuma aikace-aikace ya nuna sakamako mai kyau. Duk da haka, bayanan ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen macrolide, saboda gaskiyar cewa sun inganta pharmacokinetic da sifofin microbiological, sun fi dacewa.
Antibiotic-macrolide na sabuwar tsara abu ne daga kungiyar azalides - azithromycin (sunayen kasuwanni: Summamed, Azithromax, Zatrin, Zomax, da dai sauransu). Wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi ne mai ƙwayar erythromycin wanda ya ƙunshi karin nitrogen. Amfani da wannan magani shine:
- babban mataki na tsotsa;
- tsawon rabi-rabi;
- amintaccen acid
- damar da za a iya hawa ta hanyar leukocytes zuwa mayar da hankali na kumburi;
- da yiwuwar rage tsawon lokacin farfajiya da kuma yawan magani (sau ɗaya a rana don 3 zuwa 5).
Azithromycin yana aiki tare da:
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- chlamydia;
- Tsuntsaye;
- a hemophilic sanda ;
- gardnerella;
- mycoplasma;
- mycobacteria;
- magunguna na syphilis da wasu kwayoyin cuta.
Har zuwa mafi girma, an samo ƙwayar magunguna a cikin huhu, ɓoye na ƙwayar jiki, ƙwayoyin nasus, ƙyama, kodan.
Macrolides na karshe ƙarni tare da mashako
Shirye-shirye dangane da azithromycin suna cikin mafi kyau duka nau'i na maganin antimicrobial dangane da al'amuran jiki da kuma cututtuka na mashako. Suna iya shiga cikin ɓarkewar jiki da kuma sputum, sun lalata kira na gina jiki a cikin kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta, saboda haka hana hana yawan kwayoyin cuta. Macrolides za a iya amfani da su biyu don m kwayoyin cutar mashako da kuma exacerbation na na kullum mashako.