Indiyawanci suna cikin yanki na yanayin zafi da yanayin ƙasa, don haka ana rarraba shekara zuwa yanayi biyu - bushe da rigar. Yayin da aka yi ruwan sanyi, yawancin hazo da dama a cikin kasar, wanda aka kafa wani babban tashar jiragen ruwa. A Indonesia, koguna suna zurfi, wanda ya ba su damar amfani da ita don kewayawa kuma a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki.
Rivers a tsibirin Kalimantan
Daya daga cikin tsibirin mafi girma a kasar shine Kalimantan , ko Borneo. A nan ne mafi yawan ƙananan koguna na Indiyawan suna mayar da hankali. Daga cikin su:
- Capuan Besar (1,040 km);
- Mahakam (920 km);
- Barito (900 km).
Tushensu shine dutsen tsaunuka, daga inda suke zubar da filaye kuma suna wucewa cikin masarar ruwa, bayan haka gadajensu ya canza. Tare da wasu daga cikinsu, birane sun rushe, yayin da wasu ke aiki a matsayin hanyar sufuri tsakanin garuruwan tsibirin .
Babban ruwa na Kalimantan da Indonesia shine Capua River. A lokacin ruwan sama na ruwan sama, kandami yana ambaliya, ambaliya a kusa da yankunan. Babban ambaliyar ruwa ta ƙarshe ta faru a shekara ta 2010, lokacin da Capua Besar ya karu da mita 2, saboda yawancin kauyukan da aka shafar lokaci ɗaya.
Na biyu mafi girma a kogin Kalimantan a Indonesia shine Mahakam. An san shi ne saboda halittunta. A cikin ƙananan ƙananan, ana binne bankuna a cikin itatuwan tsire-tsire, yayin da mangroves sun fi girma a cikin bakin kogi. A nan na zaune a yawancin nau'o'in halittu, wasu daga cikinsu akwai cututtuka, wasu suna kan iyaka. Tare da kogin suna da manyan ƙididdiga. Har ila yau, akwai ci gaba da tasowa.
A cikin tsakiyar Kalimantan, kogin Barito yana gudana, yana zama iyakar yanayi tsakanin wasu larduna. A kusa da birnin Banjarmasin, yana haɗu da ƙananan kogi, sa'an nan kuma ya shiga cikin tekun Java.
Bugu da ƙari, kogin da ke sama, a kan wannan tsibirin Indonesiya akwai tafkuna masu ambaliya, inda aka samo yawan kifi. Wadannan sun hada da Jempang, Semaayang, Loir da sauransu.
Rivers a tsibirin Sumatra
Na biyu babu kasa mai ban sha'awa da tsibirin tsibirin kasar nan ne Sumatra . Kogunansa suna gudana daga gangaren Bukit Barisan Range, ta hanyar tazarar ruwa kuma suna gudana cikin Kogin Kudancin Kudancin Kasa da Tsarin Malacca. Mafi girma koguna na wannan ɓangare na Indonesia sune:
- Hari (800 km);
- Musi (553 km);
- Kampar (285 km);
- Rockan (265 km);
- Siac (260 km).
Ana san Kogin Hari don tashar jiragen ruwa na Jambi. Wani tashar jiragen ruwa, Palembang, an gina shi a kan kogin Musi.
Bayan koguna da kogunan, wannan tsibirin Indonesiya ne sananne ga mafi yawan wurare masu zafi na wurare masu zafi a duniya. Yankin ya kai kimanin mita mita 155. km.
Rivers of New Guinea
Wannan tsibirin kuma yana cikin wani babban hanyar sadarwa. Akwai hanyoyin ruwa fiye da 30, inda tushensu ke cikin duwatsu na Maoke. Koguna a cikin wannan ɓangare na Indonesiya sun shiga cikin Pacific Ocean ko kuma Arafura Sea. A cikin ƙananan ƙananan su ne kewaya.
Mafi shahararrun kogin Nilu na New Guinea sune:
- Digul;
- Mamberomo;
- Oak-Tedi;
- Sepik;
- Fly.
Mafi yawan wadannan shine kogin Nilu (400 km). Ana samo asalinsa a cikin duwatsu na Jayavijaya, daga inda ya ruga zuwa Arafura Sea. Ruwa yana zuwa mafi girma. Wannan kogin Indonesiya ya cika a cikin shekara, amma bayan ruwan sama ya karu da mita da yawa.
Kogin Mamberamo ya shahara saboda yawancin mutanen Indiyawan New Guinea sun zauna a bankunansa tun daga lokaci mai tsawo, wanda ba da saninsa ba a lokaci mai tsawo. Kogin mafi girma mafi girma a Indonesia yana da tashoshi masu yawa, inda bankunan suna da alamun bambancin halittu.
Oak-Tedi yana da ban sha'awa saboda tushensa yana da mafi yawan adadi na zinariya da jan karfe. Ba kamar shi ba ne, kogin Sepik ya fi saninsa a fili. A nan za ku iya saduwa da gandun daji masu zafi, da wuraren tsaunukan dutse, da kuma tuddai. Yawancin muhalli sun yarda cewa Sepik ita ce mafi girma a cikin yankin Asia-Pacific, wanda ba a taɓa rinjayar ta mutum ba.
Baya ga kogunan, a wannan tsibirin Indonesia akwai Lake Paniyai da Sentani.
Kogunan tsibirin Java
Kasashen Indonesia mafi tsawo shine Java , wanda shine babban birnin kasar, birnin Jakarta . A kan iyakarta akwai koguna masu biyowa:
- Solo. Ita ce mafi girma tsibirin wannan tsibirin a Indonesia, yana da tsawon 548 km. Asalinta suna samuwa a kan gangarawan Mesha da Tudun tsaunuka, daga inda aka aika zuwa kwari. A cikin ƙananan ya kai kogin da karfi da kullun (meanders), bayan haka sai ya gaggauta zuwa tekun Java. Kusan kusan kilomita 200 daga tasharsa suna da sauƙi.
- Chiliwong. A kan gangaren dutsen Pangrango, mai nisan kilomita daga garin Bogor, kogin ya fara, wanda ya gudana ta Jakarta. A lokacin mulkin mallaka na kasar Holland, wannan kogin Indonesiya muhimmiyar magungunan sufuri ne da kuma tushen asalin ruwa. A yanzu, saboda ma'adinan masana'antu da na gida, yana kusa da wani mummunan hatsari na muhalli.
- Tsitarum . Shin yana cikin wannan hakuri. Na dogon lokaci an yi amfani dashi a cikin samar da ruwa, noma da masana'antu. Yanzu gadon kogi yana cike da kayan aikin gandun daji da na gida, saboda haka ana kiran shi kogin da ya fi kyau a duniya.