- Adireshin: 00120, Vatican
- Waya: +39 06 6988 3860
- Manufa: Palazzo
- Shafin yanar gizon Vatican: http://www.museivaticani.va
Majami'ar Apostolic a cikin Vatican shine gidan zama na "Papa" na Paparoma. Ana kiransa Papal Palace, fadar Vatican , kuma sunan sunansa shi ne Fadar Sixtus V. A gaskiya ma, wannan ba gini ɗaya bane, amma "ɗakin" duk fadin sarakuna, ɗakunan ajiya, ɗakunan ajiya, gidajen tarihi da ɗakunan da aka gina a lokutan daban daban. Dukansu sun kasance a kusa da Cortile di Sisto V.
Akwai Majami'ar Apostolic Palace na arewacin St. Cathedral . Kusa da shi akwai wasu shahararrun shahararrun shahararrun - fadar Gregorio XIII da Bastion na Nicholas V.
A bit of history
Lokacin da aka gina Majalisun Yahudawa, ba a san shi ba daidai, bayanai sun bambanta ƙwarai da gaske: wasu masana tarihi sunyi imani da cewa wasu sassa na kudanci, mafi girman ɓangaren sune aka kafa a ƙarshen III - farkon ƙarni na IV a lokacin mulkin Constantine mai girma, wasu - cewa yana da " ƙarami "kuma aka gina a cikin karni na 6. Ginin na komawa zuwa karni na 8, kuma a 1447 a karkashin Paparoma Nicholas V an riga an rushe tsofaffin gine-ginen, kuma an kafa sabon fadar a wurin su (tare da "sa hannu" daga wasu tsoffin abubuwa). An kammala kuma sake gina shi sau da yawa, har zuwa ƙarshen karni na 16 - da mahimmanci, amma a karni na 20 an kammala shi (alal misali, a karkashin Paparoma Pius XI an gina tashar mahimmanci zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya).
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Raphael's Staats
4 ƙananan ɗakuna, wanda Raphael da almajiransa suka fadi, an kira su Stanze di Rafaello - Raphael Stantsi (kalmar nan "stanza" ta zama ɗaki). Wadannan ɗakuna sun yi ado da umarnin Paparoma Julius II - ya zaɓi su a matsayin masu zaman kansu, ba mai son zama a ɗakin da ya rayu kafin Alexander VI. Akwai labari cewa wasu zane-zane a kan ganuwar sun wanzu, amma Julius, wanda fasaha na Raphael ya yi, ya umarce shi da ya buga dukkan sauran zane-zane ya kuma umurci mai zane ya kammala ɗakin - ko da yake Raphael a lokacin yana da shekaru 25 kawai.
Dakin farko shine ake kira Stanza del Senatura; shi ne kawai daga cikin huɗu da aka riƙe sunan asalin - sauran sunaye suna da ma'anar frescoes masu ado da su. Sa hannu a fassarar yana nufin "alamar", "sa hatimi" - ɗakin da ke aiki a matsayin ofishin, a cikinta uban ya karanta takardun da aka aiko masa, sanya hannu da su kuma ya hatimce sa hannu tare da hatimi.
Zane-zane ya zana ɗakin a cikin tsawon lokaci daga 1508 zuwa 1511, yana maida hankali ne ga kyautatawa na mutum, kuma 4 murals suna wakiltar 4 hanyoyi na irin wannan aiki: falsafar, adalci, tauhidin da shayari.
An zana hoton Stanza d'Eliodoro daga 1511 zuwa 1514; Maganar zane-zane shi ne ikon Allah wanda aka ba wa Ikilisiya da ministocinsa.
Wurin na uku shine mai suna Incendio di Borgo - daya daga cikin frescoes, wanda ya nuna wuta a Borgo, kusa da gidan jaridar papal. Duk frescoes a nan an sadaukar da aikin na popes (ciki har da fresco sadaukar da wuta - bisa ga labari, Papa Leo gudanar don dakatar da gicciye ba kawai tsoro, amma kuma wuta). An yi aiki a kan zane-zane daga shekara 1514 zuwa 1517.
Sakamakon karshe - Sala di Konstantino - 'yan Raphael sun riga sun gama, tun a shekarar 1520 masanin ya mutu. An ƙaddamar da abun da ke cikin gwagwarmayar tsohon sarki Roman Constantine tare da arna.
Belvedere Palace
Ana kiran gidan Belvedere bayan sassaka na Apollo Belvedersky, wanda aka ajiye a can. Yau a gidan sarauta gidan kayan gargajiya na Pius-Clement . Bugu da ƙari, da siffar da aka sani a duniya ta Apollo, akwai wasu manyan kayan tarihi, ciki har da siffar Laocoon, Aphrodite na Cnidus, Antinous na Belvedere, Perseus na Antonio Canova, Hercules, da kuma sauran shahararrun shahararrun hotunan.
A cikin duka, gidan kayan gargajiya ya ƙunshi fiye da mutum ɗari takwas: Hall na Animal yana dauke da abubuwa kimanin 150 da ke nuna alamomi daban-daban tare da dabbobi (wasu daga cikinsu akwai kwafi na shahararren tarihin tsofaffi, wasu daga asali daga mawallafi na Italiyanci Francesco Franconi); a nan akwai, a tsakanin wasu, ainihin asalin Girkanci wanda ke nuna raƙuman Minotaur. A cikin Hall of Muses akwai siffofi da ke nuna Apollo da 9 muses. Hotunan su ne kofe na asali na asalin Helenawa tun daga karni na 3 BC. A nan akwai simintin daga ƙananan Belvedere da siffofi na shahararren Girkanci da suka gabata, ciki har da Pericles. Ƙungiyar Muses tana da siffar octagon, siffar kewaye da ginshiƙan tare da umarnin Koriya. Babu wani hankali da hankali fiye da abubuwan da suka samo asali, ta zana zane-zanen rufin Tomaszo Konka, ta ci gaba da zancen zane da kayan hotunan ya samo, kuma ya nuna Muses da Apollo, har ma mashahuran marubuta na farko - Helenanci da Roman.
Hoton ganuwar gunkin mutum ne Pinturicchio da almajiransa suka yi. A nan akwai gumakan alloli da alloli, sarakuna Romawa (Augustus, Marcus Aurelius, Nero, Caracalla, da sauransu), 'yan kishin kasa da' yan asalin jama'a, da kuma rubutun tsohuwar al'adun Girkanci. An shafe bangon da ke cikin bangon da manyan shahararrun shahararrun shahararren: Jupiter a kan kursiyin kuma yana barci Ariadne, kuma ba tare da su ba za ka ga irin wadannan siffofi kamar Drunken Satyr, Lamentation of Penelope da sauransu. A cikin Hall of Busts akwai busts na shahararren 'yan Romawa da alloli na dā, ciki har da kyauta mai ban sha'awa na Cato da Portia. A cikin zauren akwai kimanin 100 busts da frescoes na Renaissance.
Har ila yau, wajibi ne a ambaci sunan Hall of Greek Cross (wanda ake kira don haka ta hanyar adadi wanda yake wakiltar), Masarautar Masana, Rotunda tare da gurasar gauraye mai cin ganyayyaki wanda aka sanya a cikinta, majalisar ta Apoximen.
A gaban Belvedere Palace yana da maɓuɓɓuga a cikin nau'i mai kwakwalwa - aikin Pirro Ligorio, kuma ana kiran wurin da ake kira Kotun Pinnia . Har zuwa farkon karni na 17, macijin ya ƙawata filin Mars a birnin Paris, amma a 1608 aka kai shi zuwa Vatican kuma an sanya shi a gaban ƙofar Belvedere Palace. Wannan alama ce ta halittar duniya.
Bugu da ƙari ga mazugi, ana ado da filin wasa tare da sukar hoto na zamani na zamani Sfera con Sfera - "Sphere in the field" by Arnaldo Pomodoro, wanda ya kafa a farkon 90s na karni na karshe. Gilashin tagulla na mita huɗu yana ƙunshe da ɓangaren wuri na ciki, wanda ake ganin alamomi, a bayyane ta hanyar "ramuka" da "ramukan" a cikin matsanancin wuri. Ta sanya duniya a duniya kuma ta kira don yin tunani a kan gaskiyar cewa duk abin da duk lalacewa da ke haifar duniyarta ta sami amsawa a cikin duniyar waje.
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Sistine Chapel
An gina gidan ibada na Sistine a lokacin mulkin Siberus IV (ginin ya fara ne a 1473 kuma an gama shi a 1481) kuma an sanya shi a cikin girmamawarsa, kuma a ranar ranar hawan Yesu zuwa sama na Virgin Mary a ranar 15 ga Agusta 1483, an tsarkake ta. Kafin ta, a wannan wuri ya kasance wani babban ɗakin sujada, inda za'a tattaro kotun kotu. Manufar ƙirƙirar sabon ɗakin sujada, mafi yawan garu kuma mai iya tserewa, idan ya cancanta, ya tashi ne a Sixtus na IV dangane da hare-haren da ake kaiwa a kan iyakar gabashin Italiya ta Sultan Mehmed II, kuma saboda barazanar soja daga Signoria Medici.
Duk da haka, ba a manta da ƙarfin ginin, kuma ba'a manta da kayan ado na ɗakin sujada ba: Sandro Boticelli, Penturikkio da wasu mawallafan shahararru na wannan lokaci sunyi tafari. Daga bisani, riga tare da Paparoma Julius II, Michelangelo ya kaddamar da zane-zane na duniya (yana nuna halittar duniya), kayan aiki da kullun. A kan tudu huɗu suna nuna labarun Littafi Mai Tsarki "Macijin Copper", "Dawuda da Goliath", "Kara Amana" da "Judith da Holofernes." Michelangelo ya yi aikin a cikin gajeren lokaci, duk da cewa shi kansa ya sanya kansa a matsayin mai horar da kayan aiki, kuma ba a matsayin mai rubutu ba, kuma a lokacin aikin da akwai matsaloli masu yawa (wasu fresco sun kasance an rushe saboda an rufe su da rigar - wanda aka yi amfani da shi, an bayyana shi ga kafawar mold, daga bisani aka yi amfani da wani turmi, kuma furecoes an yi masa fenti).
Bayan kammala aikin da aka yi a ranar 31 ga watan Oktoba, 1512, an yi amfani da gagarumar tarurruka a sabon ɗakin majalisa (a wannan rana da kuma a cikin wannan awa 500 bayan haka, a shekarar 2012, Paparoma Benedict XVI ya sake maimaita takardar Vespers). Ba abin mamaki bane, shine Michelangelo wanda aka ba shi izinin zane na bagaden. Ayyukan masu sana'a sun yi aiki daga 1536 zuwa 1541; A kan bango akwai wani al'amari na Ƙarshen Ƙarshe.
Da farko a cikin 1492 - tare da conclave, inda aka zabi Paparoma Rodrigo Borgia, wanda ya zama Paparoma Alexander VI - a cikin Sistine Chapel a kai a kai ya gudanar conclaves.
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Papal Apartments
Gidan da shugaban da yake zaune da kuma aiki yana a saman; wasu daga cikin tagogin windows ba su kula da filin St. Peter . Sun ƙunshi ɗakuna da dama - ofis, ɗakin sakataren, ɗakin dakuna, ɗaki, ɗaki, ɗakin cin abinci, ɗaki. Har ila yau, akwai babban ɗakin karatu, ɗakin ɗakin karatu da ofishin likita, wanda yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da yawancin mutane suke zabar cardinals. Duk da haka, Francis pontiff ya watsar da ɗakunan papal da kuma zama a cikin gidan Santa Marta, a cikin ɗaki biyu.
A cikin fadar Apostolic akwai ɗakunan '' papal '' '' - ɗakunan da ake kira Paparoma Alexander VI - Borgia. A yau suna cikin sashen Vatican Library , suna bude wa masu yawon shakatawa, suna mai da hankali sosai ga zane-zane da Pinturicchio ya yi.
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Yaya zaku ziyarci Apostolic Palace?
Zaku iya ziyarci Apostolic Palace a kan mako-mako da Asabar daga 9 zuwa 18-00. Kwamfuta mai girma yana biyan kudin Tarayyar Turai 16, zaka iya saya shi a ofishin tikitin kafin 16-00. A ranar Lahadi da ta gabata ne za a iya ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya daga 9-00 zuwa 12-30 kyauta kyauta.