Thrombocytopenia shine rashinwa ko rashin jinin jini (plalets). Wadannan kwayoyin jini marasa launin suna da muhimmancin gaske ga jini. Ma'anar thrombocytopenia na iya zama barazanar rai, saboda yana haifar da zub da jinin jini da kuma kwakwalwa marar lahani ga gabobin ciki.
Dalili na asibiti na thrombocytopenia
Dalilin thrombocytopenia sun bambanta sosai. Rashin platelets zai iya faruwa saboda matsaloli na rigakafi da jini, wanda ya saba da ƙungiyar, ko kuma lokacin da antigen na waje ya shiga jiki, alal misali, cutar. Amma mafi sau da yawa a cikin jikin mutum, tarin kwayoyin thrombocytopenia tasowa. Wannan yanayin ne wanda tsarin tsarin rigakafi bai san "dabbanta mai lafiya ba, wanda zai haifar da ci gaban kwayoyin cutar don kawar da" baƙo ". Idan irin wannan thrombocytopenia ya biyo bayan wani ciwo, to ana kira shi na biyu. Its causes ne daban-daban pathologies:
- collagenoses (dermatomyositis, tsarin lupus erythematosus ko scleroderma );
- mai cutar sankarar jini mai tsanani da kuma ciwon zuciya (Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, myeloma);
- wasu cututtuka na koda da kuma hepatitis na kullum.
Idan autoimmune thrombocytopenia ya bayyana kanta a matsayin cuta ta musamman, to, ana kira shi da cutar Verlhof, kazalika da muhimmanci ko idiopathic thrombocytopenia. Sakamakon wannan ciwo ba a tabbatar da shi ba. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke gaba da ci gabanta, akwai cututtukan cututtuka da cututtuka na kwayan cuta, ƙwarewa, maganin rigakafi, raunin da kuma gabatar da gamma globulin. A cikin kashi 45% na lokuta, muhimmancin thrombocytopenia yakan faru ba tare da wani dalili ba.
Sakamakon thrombocytopenia mai albarka
Sakamakon thrombocytopenia yana samuwa a cikin jiki, lokacin da kasusuwan kasusuwa ba zai iya sanya platelets a cikin adadin da suke bukata ba don hanya ta al'ada. Sakamakon wannan thrombocytopenia a cikin manya sune:
- anemia aplastic ;
- TAP-syndrome;
- myelodysplastic ciwo;
- myelosclerosis;
- metastases na wasu ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin kasusuwa na kasusuwa;
- aikin aikin sunadarai (misali, benzene).
Bugu da ƙari, thrombocytopenia mai albarka ya bayyana a sakamakon mummunan cutar sankarar jini, lokacin da akwai ciwo mai tsanani na hematopoiesis, tare da maye gurbi da cututtuka daban-daban (cututtuka, ƙwayar cutar tarin fuka, bacteria). Ka sha wahala daga rashin platelets da wadanda basu da rashi na bitamin B12 da folic acid. Dama yiwuwar ci gaba da thrombocytopenia da kuma radiation farfadowa ko ɗaukar hoto zuwa radiation radiation.
Sanadin kwayoyi thrombocytopenia
Da miyagun ƙwayoyi thrombocytopenia, anyi amfani da kwayoyin cuta akan magungunan antigen na kasashen waje wanda aka gyara a kan tallan tallan, ko lokacin da tsarin antigenic na plalets ke canje-canje. A mafi yawancin lokuta, asali na irin wannan thrombocytopenia sune wadannan kwayoyi:
1. Sedatives:
- Meprobamate;
- Phenobarbital;
- Sedormid;
- allyl isopropylbarbituric acid.
2. Alkaloids:
- Quinidine;
- Quinine.
- Alurar rigakafi;
- Oxytetracycline;
- Streptomycin;
- Chloramphenicol;
- Ristocetin.
3. Antibacterial sulfonamides:
- Sulfidiazine;
- Sulfamethazine.
4. Wasu magunguna:
- Dinitrophenol;
- potassium iodide;
- Digitoxin;
- Carbamazepine.
Dalilin thrombocytopenia a cikin kwayar cutar HIV
Thrombocytopenia zai iya bayyana a cikin kamuwa da cutar HIV. Akwai dalilai guda biyu don haifar da wannan yanayin a marasa lafiya:
- Na farko, shi ne cewa kwayar cutar HIV ta kori megakaryocytes, wanda hakan ya haifar da raunin platelets.
- Abu na biyu, kwayoyi da suke taimakawa wajen yaki da kamuwa da cuta suna lalata kullun nama na mutum.