Allah yana rawa a duniya. Tsaftacewa a matsayin babban sansani, mai girma da mummunan gaske, lalata lalata da fushi, mai jinƙai ga duk wadanda ba su da kariya - duk wannan shi ne, ya sabawa Mahadev. Ubangiji Shiva - zaune a kan tsattsarkan dutse Kailas, mafi girma daga cikin alloli a cikin harshe na Hindu, kuma Shaivism yana daya daga cikin addinai masu daraja a Indiya.
Shiva - wanene wannan?
A cikin Hindu mythology, akwai ra'ayi na Trimurti, ko kuma Triad na Allah, wanda ya hada da abubuwa uku na babban Ɗaukaka: Brahma (Mahaliccin duniya) - Vishnu (mai kula da Shiva) Shiva (mai hallaka). A cikin fassarar daga Sanskrit शिव Shiva "mai kyau," "mai kyau," "abokantaka." A Indiya, allahn Shiva yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙaunatattuna da girmamawa. An yi imanin cewa kiran shi ba shi da wuyar gaske, Mahadev ga kowa yana zuwa ceto, shi ne Allah mai tausayi. A cikin mafi girman bayyanar, ya keɓance ka'idar namiji da kuma fahimtar mutum.
Shirin tsarki na Shiva Purana yana wakiltar Shiva, wanda yana da 1008 sunayen da ya bayyana yayin da Allah ya bayyana ga mutane a cikin daban-daban. Sake maimaita sunayen Shiva - ya karfafa hankali da ƙarfafa mutumin da kyakkyawar niyya. Mafi shahararrun su shine:
- Pashupati (daya daga cikin d ¯ a) shine mai mulki da uban dabbobi;
- Rudra (m, ja) - yana nuna hali mai fushi, yana kawo cututtuka, amma ya warkar da su;
- Mahadev shine mafi girma, allahn alloli;
- Mahesvara - Babban Ubangiji;
- Nataraja - Shiva yana da sarakuna masu yawa na rawa;
- Shambhu - kawo farin ciki;
- Ishbara shi ne Ubangiji da ɗaukakarsa.
- Kamari shine rushewar sha'awa;
- Maha Yogi - Mai girma Yogi, ya hada da ruhun asalin duniya (duniyar duniya);
- Hara shine mai hallakawa;
- Triyambaka yana da ido uku.
A mace hypostasis na Shiva
Hakan hagu na Shiva yana wakiltar mace (makamashi) na Shakti. Shiva da Shakti ba su rabu. Shiva-Shakti allahiya mai girman kai a cikin hanyar Allah na Kali shi ne mace mai lalatawa ta makamashi na Shiva. A Indiya, Kali mai tsarki ne, hotunansa yana firgitawa: fata mai launin shuɗi da launin fata, harshe mai launin jini wanda ke motsa jiki, haɓaka na katako na 50 (reincarnation). A wani hannun takobi, a karo na biyu mai mulkin Mahisha, shugaban asura. Sauran hannayen biyu sun sa wa mabiyan albarka wajibi kuma su guji tsoro. Kali - uwa-uwa ta haifar da lalata duk abin da ke cikin rawa mai raɗaɗi da tashin hankali.
Alamar Shiva
Hotuna na Mahadev suna cike da alamomi masu yawa, dukkanin bayyane game da bayyanarsa yana da muhimmancin gaske. Abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne alamar Shiva - lingam. A cikin Shiva Purana, lingam wata kalma ne na allahntaka, tushen dukkan abin da ke cikin sararin samaniya. Alamar ta tsaya a kan yoni (mahaifa) - mai suna Parvati, matar aure da Uwar dukan abubuwa masu rai. Sauran halayen-alamomin Allah suna da muhimmanci:
- Idanun uku na Shiva (Sun, Moon, alama ta Wuta) suna da rabi-bude-rai na rayuwa, lokacin da fatar ido ya rufe, an hallaka su, sannan aka sake halitta halittu, idanunsu sun buɗe - sabuwar rayuwa ta duniya.
- Gashi - ya juya cikin jatu na Jatu, ƙungiyar makamashi ta jiki, tunani, ruhaniya; Wata a cikin gashi - kula da hankali, kogin Ganges - ya fice daga zunubai.
- Damaru (drum) wani farkawa ne na duniya, sauti na duniya. A hannun dama na Shiva, ya tsara gwagwarmaya tare da jahilci ya ba hikima.
- Cobra - a nannade a wuyansa: baya, yanzu, nan gaba - har abada a wani aya.
- Trident (trishula) - aiki, ilimi, farkawa.
- Rudraksha (Rudra ido) shine abun wuya na 'ya'yan itace, da tausayi da bakin ciki game da mutane.
- Tilaka (tripurpur), sau uku na toka a goshin, makogwaro da ƙafãfunsu guda biyu alama ce ta cin nasara da ilimin karya game da kai, watau Maya (jahilci) da yanayin karma.
- Bull Nandi abokin kirki ne, alamar kasa da iko, abin hawa na allahntaka.
- Fata na tiger ne nasara a kan sha'awa.
Ta yaya Shiva ya bayyana?
An haifi Shiva a cikin ɓoye na asiri, tsoffin ayoyin Shivaite Puranas sun bayyana nau'i-nau'i iri iri na bayyanar Allah:
- A lokacin da Brahma ya fito daga cibiya na allahn Vishnu , aljanu suna kusa da kuma kokarin kashe Brahma, amma Vishnu ya yi fushi, wani Shiva da yawa dauke da makamai ya fito ne daga tsakanin kewaye da kuma asuras sun kashe wani mai ciwo.
- Brahma yana da 'ya'ya maza 4 waɗanda basu so su haifi' ya'ya, to, yaro da fata mai launin fata ya bayyana tsakanin girare na 'ya'yan Brahma fushi. Yaron ya yi kuka kuma ya nemi sunan, matsayi na zamantakewa. Brahma ya ba shi sunayen 11, biyu daga cikinsu Rudra da Shiva. Ɗaya guda sha ɗaya cikin jiki, a cikin ɗayan su, Shiva - allahn da aka girmama daga ɓangaren babba, tare da Brahma da Vishnu.
- Brahma, a cikin zurfin tunani, ya nemi bayyanar ɗa, kama da girma. Yaron ya durƙusa a kusa da Brahma kuma ya fara gudana akan mahaliccin ya nemi sunan. Rudra! "Brahma ya ce, amma wannan bai isa ba ga yaro, ya gudu ya yi ihu har Brahma ya ba shi sunayen 10 da yawa da yawa.
Uwa Shiva
Asalin Shiva a wasu kafofin daban-daban an danganta shi da al'adun Vishnu da Brahma. Yin nazarin Shaivism da sunan mahaifiyar Allah, mai tambaya game da mahaifiyar Shiva. Wanene ta? A cikin litattafai masu tsarki waɗanda suka isa ga mutane, babu wani suna ga hypostasis na allahntaka wanda zai yi wani abu da haihuwar Mai girma Mahadev. Shiva ne mai haife shi daga goshin mahaliccin Brahma, ba shi da uwa.
Menene haɗari ga Allah Shiva?
Halittar Mahadeva abu ne guda biyu: mahalicci mai hallakaswa. Dole ne a rushe duniya a ƙarshen sake zagayowar, amma idan Shiva Allah ne cikin fushi, duniya zata damu da kowane lokaci. Don haka ne lokacin da matar Sati ta kone ta wuta. Shiva ya halicci allahntaka marar jini. Siyasa mai girma da yawa a cikin hypostasis na Virohadra an sake buga shi a dubban duban kama da shi kuma ya tafi fadar Dakshi (mahaifin Sati) don fushi. Duniya ta "nutse" a cikin jini, Rana ta dade, amma lokacin da fushi ya wuce Shiva ya farfado da matattu, a maimakon shugaban Daksha ya yanke kansa.
Matar Allah Shiva
Shakti shine makamashiyar mata, wanda ba zai iya raba shi daga Shiva ba, ba tare da shi Brahman ba, ba tare da halayya ba. Matar Shiva tana Shakti a cikin jiki. An dauki Sati a matsayin matar farko, saboda wulakancin Shiva ta mahaifinsa Daksha, ta yi ta miƙa kanta ta hanyar lalata kanta. An haifi Sati a Parvati, amma Mahadev ya kasance bakin ciki saboda bai so ya fita daga tunani ba har tsawon shekaru. Parvati (Uma, Gauri) sunyi zurfi da karfi fiye da nasara da Allah. A cikin ɓangarorinta na ɓarna, Pardati suna wakiltar alloli Kali, Durga, Shyama, Chanda.
Yara na Shiva
Gidan Shiva shine nau'in Shankar, wanda shine saninsa da ke kula da duniya. 'Yan Shiva da Parvati suna daidaita ma'aunin abu da ruhaniya:
- An haifi Skanda (Kartikeya) dan Shiva - Allah na farko na yaki , a lokacin da yake da shekaru 6 ya ci Ashura Tarak.
- Ganesha wani allah ne da shugaban giwa, an girmama shi a matsayin allah na dukiya.
- Narvawa 'yar Shiva a cikin mahimmancin tunani: a cikin zurfin tunani a kan tudun Armakut, Mahadev ya rabu da kansa wani ɓangare na makamashin da aka canza zuwa budurwar Narmada, kogin tsarkaka ga Hindu.
Legends na Shiva
Akwai labarai da labaru masu yawa game da Shiva mai girma, bisa ga matani daga tsarki ga kalmomin Hindu na Mahabharata, Bhagavad-gita, Shiva Purana. Ɗaya daga cikin wadannan labarun ya ce: a lokacin da ake bugun teku, wani jirgi da guba ya fito daga zurfinta. Alloli sun firgita cewa guba za ta hallaka duk rayuwa. Shiva, daga jin tausayinsa, ya sha guba, Parvati ya kama shi ta wuyansa don hana potion daga shiga ciki. Gishiri mai launin Siva ta wuyansa a blue - Nilakantha (sineshey), ya zama ɗaya daga cikin sunayen Allah.
Shiva a addinin Buddha - akwai labari game da wannan, wanda ya ce a cikin ɗayan halittarsa Buddha (Namparzig) ya koyi game da annabcin: idan ya sake bayyana a cikin hanyar Bodhisattva - wannan ba zai amfane duniya ba, amma ya zama jiki a cikin Mahadev - akwai babbar duniya kyau. A cikin Buddha na Tibet, Shiva shi ne mai kare nauyin koyarwar kuma ya yi irin wannan "Shirin Shiva."