Hanyar mahimmanci domin bincikar yawancin cututtuka shine binciken sinadaran jini . Akwai iyakokin iyakokin abun ciki na dukkan abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa. Gano ma'anar bambanci na ainihin alamomi daga al'ada na nufin, likita zai iya ƙayyade ainihin ganewar asali ko ya jagoranci mutum zuwa ƙarin bincike.
Menene hematocrit?
Wannan darajar tana nufin ƙungiyar gwaje-gwaje don abubuwan jini. Hematocrit shine ƙaddamar da kwayoyin ja a cikin abin da ya ƙunshi, dangane da girman yawan. Kadan sau da yawa, ana binciken wannan binciken a matsayin rabo daga dukkan abubuwan da ke tattare da kwayar halitta ( leukocytes , jinsin jinin jini da platelets ) zuwa yawan jini. Babu kusan bambanci tsakanin hanyoyi guda biyu, saboda 99% na girman ruwa mai zurfin halitta yana da tsalle-tsalle.
Menene hematocrit?
Yawancin marasa lafiya na kowane likita ba zasu iya raba sakamakon binciken ba. Don fahimtar dalilin da ya sa hematocrit yana da mahimmanci a binciken kwayar jini, abin da ake nufi, yadda ake nufi da kuma abin da aka ƙaddara, ko an ɗaga shi ko saukar da shi, binciken da aka samu da kuma ayyuka na jinin jini zai taimaka. A cikin kututtukan kasusuwa, kimanin kusan jikin miliyoyin miliyon 2.5 an samar da su na biyu. Suna kewaya cikin jiki na kimanin kwanaki 120, samar da sel, kyallen takarda da gabobin da oxygen. Bayan sun gama duk ayyukan su, macrophages suna karɓar jinin jinin.
Hematocrit yana nufin ƙaddamar da jinin jini. Wannan yana daya daga cikin manyan gwaje-gwaje a ganewar asali na anemia, amma akwai wasu cututtuka waɗanda ke haifar da rabuwar wannan alamar daga al'ada, ragewa ko ƙara yawan adadin jinin jini ko kuma yawan yawan kwayoyin halitta. Akwai cututtuka marasa hatsari da masu tsanani wanda za'a dauke da hematocrit, wanda ke nufin cewa likitan likita zai gano. Don tabbatar da ganewar asali, za a buƙaci karin bincike.
Mene ne aka auna ma'auni?
Rassan da ke ƙayyade ƙaddamar da kwayoyin jan kwayoyin sun dogara ne akan hanyar hanyar lissafi. Idan ana nazarin hematocinsu a cikin jini a hanya mai sauƙi, dangane da yawan jini, yadda ake ƙarawa, an auna shi cikin kashi (%). Lokacin da aka gudanar da binciken tare da lissafin ƙaddamar da dukkanin nau'ikan siffofi na ruwa (wannan yana nufin erythrocytes, leukocytes da platelets), mai nuna alama a cikin tambaya an sanya shi a matsayin kashi-kashi na ƙananan zuwa kashi mafi kusa. Ƙungiya a wannan yanayin - lita ta lita (l / l).
Hematocrit - gwajin jini
Lambar da aka kwatanta yana da muhimmancin gaske a ganewar asali daga wasu cututtuka masu tsanani, ciki har da ciwon daji, anemia, hypoxia, cutar sankarar bargo da sauran pathologies. Halin hematocin cikin gwajin jini yana nufin mai yawa don gano ko an daukaka shi ko an saukar, yana da muhimmanci a san iyakokin al'ada. Sun bambanta dangane da jima'i da kuma shekarun mutumin, jigon jima'i a cikin mata.
Hematocrit cikin jini - al'ada
Ana lura da yawan karuwan jini a cikin jariri. Hematocrit na al'ada ne a jarirai a 44-62%. A hankali, ƙaramin plasma ya ƙaru, wanda ke nufin cewa adadin jinin jini yana raguwa (auna cikin kashi):
- Watanni 1-3 - 32-44;
- Watanni 4-12 - 36-44;
- 1-10 shekara - 37-44.
Hematocrit shine al'ada ga manya (%):
- maza, 44-48;
- mata - 36-43.
An rarrabe iyakoki don iyaye masu zuwa. A lokacin gestation, tayin yana amfani da jinin mace, wanda ke nufin cewa yayin da yake girma, da buƙatar jinin jini ya zama mai girma. Saboda wannan dalili, yawan halayen hematocrit ga mata masu juna biyu bambanta kaɗan daga ma'auni:
- na farko farkon shekaru uku - 33-36%;
- 3-6 watan gestation - game da 31%;
- lokacin ɗaukar lokaci shine kusan 33%.
Hematocrit ya fi yadda al'ada, me ake nufi?
Ƙarawa a cikin ƙaddamar da jinin jini zai iya faruwa saboda abubuwan da ke da ilimin lissafi (wadanda ba mai hadarin gaske) da kuma pathological (tsanani). Idan haɗin hematocrit ya karu, to lallai ya zama dole don gudanar da ƙarin nazarin. Babban adadin erythrocytes yana haifar da thickening na jini, da kuma wuce kima danko na halitta nazarin ruwa zai iya haifar da jini clots da clogging na jini.
Hematocrit ya karu - haddasawa
Halin da aka yi la'akari da rabuwar jini daga al'ada ba koyaushe ne yanayin yanayin barazana ba. Dangane da wasu dalilai na lissafin ilimin lissafi, ana daukar nauyin hematocrit, wanda ke nufin:
- Hypoxia. Rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin kyallen takarda yana taso ne saboda shan taba.
- Dehydration na jiki. Yawan plasma ya rage, kuma yawancin jini yana karuwa.
- Tsaya a tsawo. Kyakkyawan canji a matsin yanayi yana rinjayar adadin jinin jini a cikin ruwa mai zurfi.
- Cikakken fata. Mafi girman yankin na epidermis, an kara girman haɓakaccen hematocrit.
- Amfani da wasu magunguna. Karuwa cikin ƙaddamar da erythrocytes yana haifar da kwayoyin hormonal, maganin rigakafi, diuretics.
Idan matsala da aka nuna ta haifar da cututtuka, ilimin hematocrit haɓaka yana nufin:
- erythremia;
- koda neoplasms;
- jin dadi;
- cutar sankarar bargo;
- peritonitis;
- hydronephrosis na kodan ;
- polycystic;
- rashin isasshen kwakwalwa;
- ciwon zuciya;
- ƙuntatawa na hanji;
- arba'in thrombosis;
- ischemia daga zuciya.
An daukaka Hematocrit - magani
Akwai hanyoyi masu mahimmanci don rage rage yawan jini a cikin jini. A cikin akwati na farko, a lokacin da aka ɗauke da ma'aunin hematocrit, menene hakan yake nufi kuma ta yaya likita zai iya bada yanayin kawai. Jiyya ne magani tare da wadannan kwayoyi:
- Hydroxycarbamide;
- Busulfan;
- Interferon (a matsayi mai girma);
- Anagrelide;
- radioactive phosphorus da sauransu.
Idan hematocrit ya fi yadda ya dace, ana iya rage shi ta hanyoyi marasa ƙarfi:
- Ƙayyade adadin abinci mai arziki a baƙin ƙarfe a cikin abincin.
- Hada giya da kuma maganin kafeyin, wanda ke da magungunan diuretic.
- Yi amfani da ƙara yawan ruwan tsabta.
- Haɗa a cikin menu na yau da kullum na 'ya'yan inabi.
- Hadawa a cikin aikin jiki na jiki.
- Ki yarda shan taba.