An fara bayyana suturar cututtuka na catatonia (daga Hellenanci "cirewa,") a ƙarshen karni na sha tara. marigayi likitan Jamus Karl Ludwig Kalbaum. Ya kirkiro shi kuma ya yi nazarin shi a matsayin wani tunani mai zaman kansa, amma mabiyan Kalbaum sun fara daukar katatonia a matsayin wani tsari na schizophrenia.
Menene catatonia?
Harkokin motsa jiki na cututtuka sune cututtukan motsa jiki - rikice-rikice, halayyar motsa jiki ko tashin hankali. Dama a cikin sautin muscle zai iya hadewa tare da lalacewar kwakwalwa (saboda ciwo, ciwon sukari, ciwo na Tourette, cututtuka da yanayin da ke ciki, shan wasu magunguna, kwayoyi, da dai sauransu). Har ila yau, ƙwararru yana nuna alamar cututtukan ƙwayoyi daban-daban. A wasu marasa lafiya ba shi yiwuwa a gano ainihin ciwo.
Catatonia wata cuta ce wadda ta haifar da jayayya tsakanin kwararru daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Dalilin asalin asalinsa har yanzu ba'a san shi ba, kuma akwai kawai tsinkaye. Saboda haka, bayyanar ciwo shine saboda:
- wani rashi a cikin cizon sauro na gamma-aminobutyric acid;
- kwatsam kwatsam a kwakwalwa na hormone dopamine;
- ƙãra ayyukan serotonergic da cholinergic tsarin (bayan kwatsam kwashe clozapine);
- fitowar juyin halitta na tsoro;
- haɗuwa da juna a cikin frontal lobes da thalamus.
Cutar Catatonic
Jihar catatonia ta haɗa da haɗarin motar, wani lokaci kuma tare da delirium, hallucinations, rikice-rikice da kuma sauran cututtuka na psychopathological. An gano ganewar asalin cutar ta hanyar la'akari da tarihin, bayyanar cututtuka, binciken bincike da bincike da bincike. Dole ne ya kamata ya gane abin da ya kamata ya haifar da ciwon ciwo. Wannan yanayin za a iya bincikarsa idan akalla 2 daga alamunsa ana maimaita su akai-akai har tsawon makonni 2.
Catatonic bayyanar cututtuka
Cutar Catatonic tana rinjayar mutane na kowane zamani - yara da manya (mafi yawa har zuwa shekaru 50). A cikin akwati na farko, cutar tana ɗauke da hali mai ladabi da motsa jiki: abubuwan da ba su da kullun ko ayyuka masu banƙyama, tsutsa, mutanshi, da dai sauransu. A cikin wadanda shekarun shekaru 16 zuwa 30, bayyanuwar catatonic sun isa mafi girma. Cutar cututtuka na rashin lafiya a cikin mata 40-55 shekaru na iya zama kuskure ga hawan rai: bayyanar fuska da magana, wasan kwaikwayo, da dai sauransu. A mafi yawancin lokuta, alamar cututtuka na ciwo kamar haka:
- stereotype - marasa lafiya akai-akai haifuwa postures, ƙungiyoyi;
- echosymptoms - sake maimaita wasu kalmomi da kalmomi;
- ƙuntatawa ko aiki mai banƙyama - rashin nasarar cika buƙatun ko baya ayyukan);
- stupor da catalepsy - faduwa a cikin wani yanayi m.
A kan ci gaba da cutar zai iya nuna irin waɗannan alamu kamar ci gaba da tashin hankali, duality na ji ga mutum ko wannan batun, rufewa, cikakken shiru (mutism) ko magana discontinence, juriya tsohuwar, alama ce ta "matashin iska" (mutumin yana cikin matsayi maras kyau tare da kansa ya tashi), idanu masu yawa, idanu mai mahimmanci.
Cutar Catatonic
Yanayin catatonia shine asalin da ke dauke da hawan jini da kuma shiru. Akwai nau'i uku na wannan yanayin: stupor cataleptic, negativistic da numbness. Marasa lafiya na iya kula da wani matsayi na jiki ko fuska fuska daga sa'o'i kadan zuwa wasu watanni. Ƙananan hali na catatonic an jinkirta aikin motsa jiki, wanda matsayi na jiki yake sabawa ko bai dace ba. Komawa irin wannan cutar - tashin hankali da rashin motsa jiki, ba da alaka da yanayin ba.
Maganin Catatonic
Idan mai haɗuri yana tafiya ne, yana aiki kuma ya aikata ayyuka masu ban sha'awa da kuma marasa amfani, akwai tashin hankali, wanda za'a iya raba shi da nau'i biyu. Hanyoyin motsa jiki na halayyar kirki suna nuna halin ci gaban hankali, kuma ba a faɗakar da shi ba: yana farawa tare da sauyawa yanayi, rashin dacewa, maganganun ladabi. Hanya na biyu shine motsa jiki, wanda girman ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka halayya ne. Masu haƙuri suna aikata mummunan aiki, suna da hanzari, suna ci gaba, a matsananciyar wahala, suna iya cutar da kansa da sauransu; Ayyukansa sune barazana.
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Wani abu mai wuya, mai tsanani da kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, rashin lafiyar rashin lafiya wanda ba zai iya warkewa ba ne na ilimin schizophrenia. Yana faruwa a ƙananan ƙananan (1-3) na masana kimiyya. Ciwon ciwo yana shafar dukan ayyukan jiki, da kuma mummunan haɗari na tsarin motar. Magunguna na Catatonic zasu iya kasancewa a matsayi ɗaya na dogon lokaci, koda kuwa yana da kuskure daga ra'ayi na mutum na al'ada (tsaye a kan kafa daya ko yada hannu a tsaye a sama). Daidai ainihin alamun cututtuka na catatonic schizophrenia shine canzawa da damuwa da tashin hankali.
Abin mamaki na Catatonic
Da farko dai, ilimin injiniya na catatonic yana nuna rashin aikin motsa jiki. Amma tare da shi akwai wasu bayyanar cututtuka: maganganu marar lahani, hallucinations, da dai sauransu. A cikin wani lokaci na cutar, rashin tausayi na zamantakewar al'umma ya taso. Catatonic delirium, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya faru da stupor cataleptic, lokacin da mai haƙuri ya dadewa na dogon lokaci, ba ya amsa da babbar murya a gare shi kuma ya zama samuwa ga sadarwa a cikin shiru.
Catatonia ba tare da wani hadarin girgije ba shine ake kira lucid. Kusan kullum yana tasowa a cikin schizophrenia. Halin maganin da ke dauke da kwayoyin cutar yana dauke da shi a kan rashin fahimtar ainihin duniyar, rashin daidaito na tunanin tunani, disorientation, amnesia (cikakken ko m). Wadansu likitoci sunyi la'akari da cewa cutar ta daya ce ta zama wani abu mai mahimmanci na duk wani mummunan harin. Rashin ciwon catatonic irin wannan yakan tashi ne kawai.
Jihar Catatonic
Sashin ciwon Oyneroid yana haɓaka fahimtar fahimtar mai haƙuri tare da abubuwan da suka shafi mafarki, canjin canji da kuma rikice rikice. Maganar Catatonic ta cika da abubuwan da suka faru da kuma abubuwan da suka faru. Suna iya haɗuwa da gaskiyar. Mai haƙuri ya kasance mai shiga tsakani a cikin yanayi na banza, akwai zubar da ciki a sararin samaniya musamman a cikin kansa "I". Akwai saurin sauyawa na tashin hankalin zuwa damuwa.
Cikakken Catatonic
Cutar Catatonic yana tasowa gaba ɗaya kuma tare da wasu matsaloli na yanayi. Yawancin lokaci cutar ta kasance tare da rashin tausayi, wanda ya tsananta alamun catatonia. Alal misali, mai haƙuri a cikin tsawa zai iya barin shi sosai, yana fama da ciwo ko da ya motsa yatsa - ta jiki da kuma tunanin. Yanayin rashin tausayi ya zama dalilin cikar masu haƙuri.
Catatonia m
Akwai tsarin ilimin kimiyya, wanda yake da mahimmanci na farko, ci gaba mai sauri, mai karfi mai karfin zuciya, ƙara yawan zazzabi na jiki, cututtuka da kuma gyaran daji a cikin tsarin hematopoiet, da ci gaba da ciwa da kuma coma. Wani suna don wannan cuta shi ne hypertoxic schizophrenia. Sanarwar ciwon ciwo ba ta da kyau, kodayake catatonia na mutuwa.
Catatonia - magani
Mutumin da aka gano tare da catatonia ba zai iya zuwa magunguna ba kafin a gane tunanin da ke taimakawa wajen ci gaba da cutar. Ya kamata a gudanar da nazari na musamman don ware wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma samun marasa lafiya na catatonia. Idan catataniya ta taso ne bisa ilimin schizophrenia da kowane mummunan cututtuka, ya kamata a fara fara magani ta hanyar taimaka wa mai haƙuri da alamar cututtuka na waɗannan cututtuka. Ana ci gaba da yin haƙuri a likita, an sanya shi a asibiti.
Dogaro da damuwa na katako ya kamata a fuskanci matakai daban-daban na magani. A mataki na farko, an ba marasa lafiya marasa maganin maganin maganin kafeyin kuma maganin maganin barbamyl 10%. Lokacin da aka sake tafiyar da matakan motoci, gwamnati ta magance kwayoyi. Amfani mafi mahimmanci shine damuwa tare da taimakon ECT - shirin na electroconvulsive da benzodiazepine. A lokaci guda ta hanyar samfurin ilimin duban dan tayi mai haƙuri ana yin nazarin akai-akai domin sanin ƙaddamar da farfadowarsa.
Akwai dalilai masu yawa na ciwo na catatonic, wanda ya ƙayyade ƙarin magani. A halin yanzu na ci gaba da maganin, wannan yanayin yanayin tunanin mutum ba hukunci bane. Curable yanayin da za a iya kira 40% na marasa lafiya. A mafi yawancin lokuta, kwararru sunyi nasara don cimma cikakkiyar gyarawa ko ci gaba a cikin yanayin marasa lafiya.