Da zarar a cikin jikin mutum, cutar ta AIDS an sanya shi ne kawai don kare kwayoyin jikinsu, a kan abin da akwai CD 4-modululy - waɗannan sun gane cutar.
HIV tana nufin lentiviruses, wanda ake kira "jinkirin ƙwayoyin cuta" - wannan na nufin cewa daga lokacin kamuwa da cutar har sai bayyanar farko (kuma mafi yawan ciwon rashin ciwon rashin lafiya) ya wuce lokaci. Ko da kafin a samu wata amsa ta baza, ƙwayoyin cuta za su iya yada cikin jiki.
Sulus da ke da alhakin rigakafi suna shafar hankali, tare da rage yawan adadin lymphocytes-CD4 zuwa darajar 200 / μL da ƙananan, yayi magana akan ciwo na rashin daidaituwa.
Mene ne kamuwa da cutar ta AIDS?
Tsarin cutar cutar ta AIDS yana da wuya. HIV yana da supercapsid na siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar mai siffar siffar nau'i, wadda aka kafa ta hanyar rubutun lipid biyu tare da glycoprotein "spines". A kan cutar HIV akwai dubban kwayoyin sunadarai (gp41, gp120, p24, p17, p7). Kwayoyin gp 120 da gp 41 suna haifar da yanayin kwayoyin cutar AIDS - yana tare da taimakonsu wanda kwayar cutar HIV ta samu kuma tana rinjayar "makircin" sabobin tsarin kwayoyin cutar. An gano cewa girman cutar cutar kanjamau na kusan 60 ne karami fiye da ɓangaren sakonni na erythrocyte kuma yana da 100oman nan nanometers.
Har yaushe cutar ta AIDS ta ƙare?
Rashin ƙwayar cuta ta mutum yana da amfani kawai a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na ruwa. Cutar da kwayar cutar HIV tana iya zama ta hanyar jini da abubuwan da aka gyara a lokacin transfusion (abubuwan haɗin coagulation, plasma daskararre, platelet mass). Har ila yau, hulɗar jima'i (ciki har da murya) tare da mai cutar HIV ba lafiya. A cikin takalma, hawaye, gumi, feces da fitsari, kwayar cutar HIV tana da ƙananan ƙananan - kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta ne kawai idan wadannan ruwaye sun ƙunshi ƙazantar jini.
Rashin kamuwa da iyali yana nufin ba zai yiwu bane, tun da cutar ta AIDS ta mutu a cikin iska na dan lokaci kaɗan.
Yadda za a kare kanka daga cutar HIV?
Abin takaici, bada garantin kashi 100% kan cutar AIDS bai bada - ƙwayoyin cuta marasa daidaituwa zasu iya shiga jiki ba tare da matakan tsaro. Sau da yawa, kamuwa da cuta yana faruwa a cikin kyakkyawan wurin gyare-gyare inda ba a mutunta bukatun tsabta (kayan marasa lafiya ba), da kuma lokacin da jini da abubuwan da aka gyara sun kasance sun canza (kwanan nan yawan adadin lokuta sun ragu, yayin da aka ba da kayan aikin kyauta ga gwajin HIV).
Yana da muhimmanci mu guje wa abokan hulɗa da ba a sani ba: garantin wadanda ba su da kamuwa da cutar shine bincike ga HIV da STD, kuma ba "gaskiya" ba. A cikin salon gyaran gyare-gyare ya fi dacewa ka ɗauki kayan aikinka, domin banda HIV a kan baƙaƙen cizon yatsa da masu tweez za a iya samun pathogens na hepatitis, syphilis, da dai sauransu.
Yaya za ku iya samun HIV?
Sabanin maganganu da tsoro, kamuwa da cutar ta rashin lafiya ba zai yiwu ba ta hanyar:
- musafiha;
- sumba;
- abinci da sha;
- ciwon sauro;
- yin amfani da wanka, wuraren bazara, saunas;
- "Injections" a wuraren jama'a tare da kamuwa da kwayar cutar (a kan gindin allurar cutar ta mutu).
Kwayar cututtukan cutar AIDS bata ɗauke shi ta hanyar sneezing da coughing ba.
Gwajin HIV
Yayin da cutar ta kamu da kimanin watanni 6, sabili da haka yana yiwuwa a gano kamuwa da cutar kawai bayan an ƙare wannan lokaci daga lokacin da ake tuhuma da cutar (fassarar jini, jima'i marar lafiya, allura tare da sirinji marar kyau). Binciken yayi mahimmanci idan abokin tarayya yana cikin haɗari (dangantaka mai mahimmanci, dogara da miyagun ƙwayoyi, STDs).