Idan ba zai yiwu a shawo kan cutar ba tare da taimakon magungunan gargajiya, ko kuma yanayin cutar ya zama mai hadari, likitoci sun rubuta maganin rigakafi. Kwanan nan, yawancin lokuta da yawa sun fara rubuta maganin rigakafi da yawa. Mene ne amfaninsu, tsarin aikin, ka koya ta hanyar karatun labarin.
Magungunan rigakafi na ayyuka daban-daban na sabon ƙarni
Kwayoyin rigakafin su ne shirye-shirye na ilmin halitta ko kuma ilimin ilimin lissafi. Ana tsara su don cutar da cututtukan pathogens.
Samun ciki, kwayoyin sun fara shiga jini, sa'an nan kuma tarawa a cikin wasu kwayoyin halitta ko tsarin jiki. Sabili da haka, idan ya yiwu a gano majiyar mai cutar da cutar, likitoci sunyi bayani akan kwayar cutar da ke da nau'i na aikin da suka danganci cutar, da sanin cewa an kirkiro wannan kwayoyin ne a cikin kwayar dama kuma zai fara farfadowa.
Idan baza'a iya fahimtar asalin kwayoyin da ke haifar da cutar ba, masana sun tsara maganin maganin rigakafi.
Ta yaya maganin rigakafi ke aiki?
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na maganin kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin cuta:
1. Bactericidal - irin wannan aikin yana nufin cikakken halakar kwayoyin cututtuka. Shirye-shiryen wannan rukuni suna kashe kira na cell membrane, haifar da mutuwarsu. Waɗannan su ne, alal misali:
- Penicillin;
- Gentamicin;
- Cephalexin;
- Streptomycin;
- Polymyxin;
- Rifampicin da sauransu.
Komawa daga kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin cuta na aiki ya faru da sauri.
2. Bacteriostatic - irin wannan maganin rigakafi ba ya ƙyale kiwo ƙananan kwari na kwayoyin cuta, kuma kwayoyin da kansu suna kashewa ta hanyar kare kwayoyin halitta - leukocytes. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Alamar launi;
- Tetracycline;
- Erythromycin;
- Linkomycin da sauransu.
Kaddamarwa na farko da ke cikin liyafa yana barazanar cewa kwayoyin za su "yi amfani da su" zuwa maganin rigakafi, gajiya, kuma cutar zata dawo a lokaci.
Amfanin sababbin maganin rigakafin zamani
Yi la'akari da abin da yake mafi kyau fiye da sababbin sababbin maganin rigakafi:
- Suna aiki da damuwa a kan mafi yawan yawan kwayoyin halitta masu cutarwa - kwayoyin cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Suna da tasiri kaɗan.
- Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya fi dacewa - maganin maganin rigakafi na ƙarni na farko ya kamata a ɗauki sau 4 a rana, ƙarni na uku da na huɗu - kawai 1-2 sau.
- Sun fi tasiri, farkawa yana sauri.
- Mafi tsabta kuma ba cutarwa ba ga gastrointestinal tract da sauran tsarin cikin jiki, tun da yiwuwar mutuwa na amfani microflora an rage girman.
- Sun fi dacewa da marasa lafiya.
- Yawan daɗaɗa ta yaduwa ta jini, riƙe da sakamako na curative na tsawon lokaci, don haka sau da yawa yawan abinci yana ragewa sau da yawa.
- Sun kasance cikin nau'i na allunan, capsules ko syrups, wanda ya kamata a dauki sau ɗaya a rana, wanda ya dace sosai ga marasa lafiya.
Jerin maganin maganin rigakafi na sababbin sababbin hanyoyin aiki
1. Cephalosporins 1-4 ƙarni suna aiki a kan staphylococci, Klebsiella, Proteus, Haemophilus da Escherichia coli, ciwon huhu, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis:
- Cefazolin;
- Cephalexin;
- Cefadroxil;
- Cefaclor;
- Cefuroxime;
- Cefotaxime;
- Ceftriaxone;
- Tsepefim da sauransu.
2. Fluoroquinolones - amfani dashi ga cututtuka na fili na numfashi, cututtuka na sashin urinary, kayan kyakyawa, fata, suppuration na kasusuwa, kwakwalwa, STDs, meningitis, sepsis:
- Ciprofloxacin;
- Tsiprolet;
- Ofloxacin;
- Lomefloxacin;
- Norfloxacin;
- Pefloxacin;
- Levofloxacin;
- Hanyoyin;
- Sparfloxacin da sauransu.
3. Ana amfani da carbapenems a maganin cututtuka da cututtukan daji da anaerobes ke haifarwa:
- Tienam;
- Meropenem.
4. Penicillins - amfani da cututtuka na tsarin numfashi, urogenital tsarin, ciki da intestines, fata, gonorrhea, syphilis:
- Maganin;
- Flemoxin solute;
- Hiconcile;
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin;
- Alamar bayani;
- Oxacillin;
- Tsinkuka ;
- Maganin clavulanate (amoxiclav, kara, moxiclav, clavocin da sauransu).
Bayan sake dawowa tare da taimakon maganin rigakafi, yana da kyau a sha kwayoyi don dawo da rigakafi da kuma furen ciki - tincture na echinacea, Immunal ko wasu.