Mene ne kumbura - asali da hanyoyin magance shi

Harkokin tattalin arziki a kowace ƙasa na iya rinjayar ba kawai mutum ɗaya ko kasuwancin ba, amma dukan jama'a. Sakamakon zai iya zama damuwa ga duk yankunan rayuwa. Muna ba da shawara mu fahimci abin da ake amfani da shi a fudu ne, menene rashin amfani da rashin amfani da rikicin kuma idan zai yiwu a shawo kan shi.

Fuskarwa - mece ce?

A karkashin wannan yanayin tattalin arziki yana nufin haɓaka darajar kaya da kowane sabis. Jigon kumbura shi ne cewa a lokaci guda zai yiwu a saya sau da yawa kaya don wannan kudi fiye da farkonsa. Yana da kyau a ce cewa ikon sayen kuɗi ya ƙi, kuma sun raunana, wato, ba tare da wani ɓangare na kansu ba. A cikin tattalin arzikin kasuwa, irin wannan tsari zai iya bayyana kansa a farashin farashi. Tare da shigarwar gudanarwa, farashin ya kasance daidai, amma akwai ƙananan ƙungiyoyin samfurin.

Menene ya faru a lokacin kumbura?

Harkokin tattalin arziki ya shiga cikin sassa daban-daban na al'umma kuma ya hallaka su. A sakamakon haka, samarwa, kasuwancin kuɗi da jihar na iya wahala. Abin da mutane da yawa suka sani game da kumbura ne sanannu ne ta hanyar jin labarin. Lokacin kumbura:

Wannan tsari yana da mahimmanci ma'ana - ƙãra farashin, amma wannan bai riga ya nuna yawan karuwar darajar duk kaya ba. Wani lokaci wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance daidai, yayin da wasu suka fadi. Babban matsalar ita ce, za su iya tashi da rashin adalci. Lokacin da wasu farashin tasowa, wasu kuma suka fadi, na uku kuma a kowane lokaci na iya zama barga.

Mene ne karuwar kumbura ke dogara?

Tattalin arziki sunyi jayayya cewa, farashin kumbura ya dogara da:

Menene rinjayar kumbura?

Irin wannan tsari kamar yadda babban kumbura zai iya rinjayar ikon kuɗin kuɗi, kuma sakamakon kuɗin mutum na mutum ba zai iya dogara da shi ba. Tsarin rayuwa yana raguwa lokacin da albashi suka gyara. Wannan ya shafi masu biyan kuɗi, dalibai da marasa lafiya. Saboda matsalar tattalin arziki, wannan rukuni na mutane ya zama matalauta kuma saboda haka tilasta neman ƙarin samun kudin shiga, ko don rage yawan kudaden su.

Lokacin da albashi ba su da tsayayye, mutum yana da zarafi don inganta halin da yake ciki a wannan halin. Ana iya amfani da wannan ta hanyar manajan kamfanin. Misali zai iya zama halin da ake ciki inda farashin kayayyakin ke girma, kuma farashin albarkatu ya kasance iri ɗaya. Saboda haka, kudaden shiga daga tallace-tallace zai wuce farashin kuɗi da riba zai karu.

Sanadin kumbura

Yana da al'ada don rarrabe tsakanin waɗannan maganganu na shan iska:

  1. Ƙara yawan kudade na gwamnati. Hukumomi suna amfani da kudaden kuɗi ta hanyar kara yawan yawan bukatunsu don kayayyaki.
  2. Ƙara yawan kuɗin tsabar kudi ta hanyar bayar da bashi. An dauki kudaden kudi daga fitowar kudin da ba a tsaftace shi ba.
  3. Kasuwanci na manyan masana'antu don tantance kudin, da kuma farashin samarwa.
  4. Girman samarwa na ƙasa yana raguwa, wanda zai iya haifar da karuwar farashin.
  5. Ƙãra haraji da nauyin da ke jihar.

Types da iri na kumbura

Tattalin arziki sun bambanta irin wadannan nau'o'in kumbura:

  1. Bincike - taso ne saboda sakamakon wuce gona da iri da aka kwatanta da ainihin matakan samarwa.
  2. Sharuɗɗa - manufar farashin ya karu saboda ƙãra yawan farashin kayan aiki a lokacin da akwai albarkatu marasa amfani.
  3. Daidaita - farashin wasu kayayyakin sun kasance daidai.
  4. An samo asali - la'akari da halin haɗin tattalin arziki.
  5. Ba a sani ba - akwai wani abin mamaki, saboda karuwar farashin ya wuce tsammanin.

Dangane da gudun, yana da kyau a raba irin waɗannan matsaloli:

Da farko, farashin kayayyaki ya karu da kashi goma a kowace shekara. Wannan kumbura ta matsakaici baiyi barazanar rushewar tattalin arziki ba, amma yana bukatar kulawa da kansa. Na gaba kuma ana kiransa da matsala daya. Farashin da zai iya karuwa daga goma zuwa ashirin bisa dari ko kuma daga hamsin zuwa ɗari biyu bisa dari. A farashin karshe a wannan shekara ya zuwa hamsin hamsin.

Sharuɗɗa da Jakada na Karuwar

Halin tattalin arziki yana da matsala da kuma amfani. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake kira:

Duk wanda ya san abin da kasuwa yake, yana tabbatar da cewa yana da amfani. Sakamakon kumbura:

Abinda ke tsakanin karuwar farashi da rashin aikin yi

A cewar masana'antun tattalin arziki, karuwar farashi da rashin aikin yi suna da dangantaka mai kyau. An bayyana wannan a cikin misalin shahararren farfesa na ɗayan makarantun Turanci na tattalin arziki A. Phillips. Ya kasance a cikin binciken bincike a cikin kasarsa daga tsawon shekarun 1861-1957. A sakamakon haka, ya kammala cewa lokacin da rashin aikin yi ya wuce kashi uku bisa dari, farashi da kuma sakamako sun fara karuwa. Bayan wani lokaci a cikin wannan samfurin, an maye gurbin yawan karuwar aikin da mai nuna alamar kumbura.

Hanyar farfesa na iya nuna nuna goyon baya ga rikicin da rashin aikin yi a cikin gajeren lokaci da yiwuwar zabi, daidaitawa. A cikin wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, haɓaka kaya da kayan aiki, ƙimar, yana inganta ƙwanƙwashin samar da aiki da fadada samarwa. Lokacin da rikicin ya ƙare, zai kai ga rashin aikin yi.

Ta yaya aka ƙididdiga kumbura?

Don ƙayyade matakin ƙusarwa, yana da al'ada don amfani da alamun kumbura masu zuwa:

  1. Farashin farashi ga masu amfani - yana nuna canje-canje a lokacin babban darajar kaya don kayan da mutane zasu saya don amfanin kansu.
  2. Farashin farashi - yana nuna canji a cikin manufofin farashin a fannin masana'antu.
  3. Ƙirƙirar kasuwa - halayyar lambobin kuɗi ne ba kuma an tsara su don ƙididdiga akan CPI ba.
  4. GDP mai cin amana - yana iya nuna canje-canje a cikin darajar duk kayan da aka kera a cikin ƙasar a ko'ina cikin shekara.

Don yin lissafin alamar tattalin arziki, farashin kayayyaki ya ɗauki kashi dari bisa dari, kuma duk canje-canje a cikin kwanakin nan gaba ana nuna su a matsayin adadin yawan kuɗin lokacin. Ya kamata a ƙididdige ƙididdiga kowane wata da kowace shekara a matsayin canji a darajar kaya da sabis a watan Disamba na wannan shekara ta wannan watan na shekara ta gaba.

Rushewa da sakamakonsa

Ma'aikatan kudi sunyi jayayya cewa irin wannan tsari a matsayin kumbura zai iya rinjayar daidaitakar rayuwar mutane. Akwai irin wannan sakamakon shan iska:

Tada darajar wasu kaya yana da tsari ne na al'ada, saboda tasowa daga karuwar albashi. Saboda haka cikar - wannan halin rikici ba zai yiwu ba ne, amma zaka iya shirya. Akwai maganganu masu kyau da kuma dacewa a cikin wannan yanayin tattalin arziki mai wuya idan aka yi gargadin, to, an yi makamai.

Hanyar magance shan iska

Gwamnatin kasar, wanda ke cikin rikici, ya kamata ya bi manufar manufar kawar da halin da ake ciki. Hanyoyi na gyaran kumbura suna kai tsaye kuma kaikaitacce: