Vaccinations ga yara - tsara

A cikin kowace ƙasa akwai lissafi wanda Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta amince da ita don yin rigakafi ga yara. Wannan makirci ne wanda yake sa maganin lafiyar jarirai. A halin yanzu, saboda an haife su kafin wannan lokacin, bayan sun sami ciwo na haihuwar haihuwa ko kuma suna da wasu cututtuka na yau da kullum, dole ne a yi maganin alurar riga kafi a kan wani tsari na mutum, wanda ɗan jaririn ya lura da shi.

Bugu da ƙari, kar ka manta cewa iyaye suna da damar yin hukunci da kansu ko yin wasu ƙwayoyi ga jaririn. Wasu iyaye da kuma iyaye bazai sa 'ya'yansu bazuwa ba, bisa la'akari da la'akari. Tambayar da ake bukata don maganin alurar riga kafi abu ne mai ban mamaki kuma, kafin yin yanke shawara, tabbatar da tuntuɓi likita kuma ka yi tunani sosai.

Haka kuma, ba za'a iya yin maganin alurar riga kafi ga wani yaro wanda yana da akalla wasu alamun sanyi ko rashin lafiyan halayen. A irin wannan hali, dole ne a dakatar da maganin alurar riga kafi har sai jariri ya warke. Nan da nan bayan rashin lafiya, kuma ba a yi maganin alurar riga kafi ba, likita ya rubuta zane-zane a kalla 2 makonni. Bugu da ƙari, kafin ka fara maganin alurar riga kafi, dole ne a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje, kuma idan akwai wani ɓataccen abu, dole ne a gane dalilin.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamu tattauna game da lokaci don maganin rigakafi na yara masu lafiya a Rasha da Ukraine, da kuma bambancin da ke cikin wadannan jihohi.

Jadawali na yara vaccinations da shekaru a Rasha

A Rasha, an jariri jariri da maganin rigakafi na farko game da hepatitis B a cikin sa'o'i 12 na farko bayan haihuwa. Dole ne a fara yin rigakafi da wannan cututtuka da sauri, saboda ya rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar yaron idan mahaifiyarsa ta kamu da ciwon cutar hepatitis B Bugu da ƙari, cutar tana da mahimmanci a cikin Rasha, wanda ke nufin cewa kariya daga wannan cutar bata cutar da kowa ba.

Yawancin yara suna samun maganin rigakafi a kan hepatitis B a watanni 3 da 6, ko kuma lokacin da suka kai shekara 1 da 6, amma ga wadanda yaran da aka gano mahaifiyarsu masu dauke da kwayar cuta da ke cutar da cutar, an yi maganin alurar riga kafi a cikin matakai 4, bisa ga "0- 1-2-12. "

A ranar 4 zuwa 7 na haihuwa bayan haihuwar, jaririn ya shawo kan tarin fuka - BCG. Idan yaron ya haife shi ba tare da dadewa ba, ko kuma ba a yi masa alurar riga kafi ba don wasu dalilai, za'a iya yin BCG kawai bayan an kashe jaririn na watanni 2, bayan da ya yi gwajin Mantou tuberculin.

Tun daga 01/01/2014 an riga an gabatar da maganin alurar rigakafi da kamuwa da cutar pneumococcal a cikin kalandar kasa na rigakafin wajan yara a Rasha. Makircin da za'a ba danka wannan maganin ya dogara ne da shekarunsa. Don yara daga 2 zuwa 6 watanni, ana yin maganin alurar riga kafi a cikin 4 matakai tare da sake sake revaccination a cikin shekaru 12-15, domin jariran daga watanni 7 zuwa 2 - a cikin 2 matakai, da kuma yara da suka riga 2 shekaru, an yi maganin alurar riga kafi daya.

Bugu da ƙari, farawa daga watanni 3, jariri zai yi wa kan rigakafin rigakafi da pertussis, diphtheria da tetanus, wanda aka haɗu da shi tare da maganin rigakafin cutar shan-inna da kuma cutar ta hemophilic. A ƙarshe, jerin maganin rigakafi sun ƙare cikin shekara 1 tare da allurar kyanda, rubella da maganin "mumps", ko mumps.

Daga bisani, yaron zai canza wasu yawan maganin rigakafi, musamman, a cikin shekaru 1.5 - sake dawowa da DTP, da kuma cikin watanni 1 da 8 - na poliomyelitis. A halin yanzu, waɗannan maganin rigakafi sukan haɗa da yin lokaci daya. Bugu da ari, a lokacin shekaru 6 zuwa 7, kafin a shigar da yaron a makaranta, za'a sake yin rigakafin cutar kyanda, rubella da mumps, da kuma tarin fuka da DTP. A lokacin da yake da shekaru 13, 'yan mata za su fuskanci revaccination na rubella, kuma a shekaru 14 da haihuwa dukan tarin fuka, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus da pertussis. A ƙarshe, tun daga shekarun 18, ana bada shawarar dukkanin manya su yi maganin rigakafi don rigakafin cututtuka na sama a kowace shekara 10.

Menene bambanci tsakanin jadawali na m vaccinations ga yara a Ukraine?

Lissafi na alurar riga kafi a Rasha da Ukraine suna kama da haka, amma akwai wasu bambance-bambance. Alal misali, maganin rigakafi na cutar hepatitis B a Ukraine domin dukan yara ana gudanar da su bisa tsarin "0-1-6", kuma an yi maganin rigakafin DTP yana da shekaru 3.4 da 5. Bugu da ƙari, yin rigakafi na kamuwa da cutar pneumococcal a cikin jigilar yara na yara a Ukraine har yanzu bata.