Sakamakon ayyukan naman kaza, wanda yake da ikon yin yaki da wasu kwayoyin halitta, ana kiran shi maganin rigakafi. Saboda aikin bunkasa ilimin halittu da kuma rashin tasirin mummunar tasiri a kan mutane, ana amfani da kwayoyin cutar beta-lactam a maganin antimicrobial, wanda ya zama mahimmin hanyar maganin cututtuka.
Hanyar aikin aikin maganin beta-lactam maganin rigakafi
Babban fasalin wadannan kwayoyi shine gaban wani beta-lactam ring, wanda ke ƙayyadad da ayyukansu. Babban aikin shine nufin haifar da haɗin kai tsakanin halayen ƙwayoyin microbial enzymes wanda ke da alhakin samuwar ƙananan membrane, tare da kwayoyin na penicillin da sauran magungunan kwayoyin. Harkokin karfafawa suna taimakawa ga zalunci na aikin pathogens, da katsewar ci gaban su, wanda hakan ya haifar da mutuwarsu.
Ƙayyade na maganin beta-lactam maganin rigakafi
Akwai manyan nau'o'i hudu na kwayoyin kwayoyi:
1. Penicillins , waxannan samfurori ne na musayar nau'ikan iri-iri na pentillium fungi. Bisa ga asalin su su ne na halitta da kuma Semi-roba. Ƙungiyar farko ta raba zuwa bicillins da benzylpenicillins. A karo na biyu, an rarraba maganin rigakafi na jerin beta-lactam:
- Aminiya, wanda aka fi sani da hanyar yin aiki mai yawa;
- Oxacillin, Methicillin - magunguna, sakamakon abin da yake da kunkuntar mayar da hankali;
- ureidopenicillins, waxanda beta-lactases sun rushe (Piperacillin, Azlocillin);
- Penicillas mai cinyewa, wanda ya kunshi masu hana beta-lactamase (tazobactam, acid clavulanic), wanda ya hana lalata wakili ta kwayoyin cuta ( Amoxiclav , Unazin, Sulacilin, Augmentin).
2. Cephalosporins da naman gwari ya samar da kwayoyin halitta sun fi tsayayya ga beta-lactamase fiye da ƙungiyar ta baya. Akwai irin maganin maganin beta-lactam:
- Cephaloridine;
- Ceforaxime;
- Cefotaxime ;
- Cefoxytin.
3. Monobactams , wanda ya hada da Azrethon. Wadannan kwayoyi suna da matsananciyar aikin aiki, tun da yake basu da kwarewar sarrafa strepto- da staphylococci. Saboda haka, an umarce su, akasari ga gishiri maras kyau. Azetreons sukan ba da likita idan suna da rashin haƙuri ga penicillin.
4. Ma'aikata , waɗanda wakilai su ne Meropenem da Impenem, suna cikin hanyoyi masu yawa suna da cibiyoyin da suka fi girma. Ana amfani da Meropenem don magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta mai tsanani, kuma idan babu ingantaccen shan shan magunguna.