Shiitake a Jafananci yana nufin "tsire-tsire mai girma a jikin bishiya". Sunan Latin sunan wannan naman gwari shine Lentinula edodes. Kamar yadda dukkanin namomin kaza (mun tattara su a cikin gandun daji, amma ba ka tuna da cewa nauyin naman gwari ne, zamu iya tunawa da shi), shiitake yana nufin basidiomycetes - fungi, wanda ke da gabar jiki na musamman inda spores ke ci gaba - basidia.
A cikin abinci, ana amfani da shi a mafi yawancin lokuta, saboda kafa ya fi fibrous kuma m. Ana amfani da waɗannan namomin kaza a gabashin dafa abinci, kuma kwanan nan sun ci nasara da kayan Gourmets na Turai. Duk da haka, a mafi yawancin lokuta, idan naman gwari mai duhu (wanda ake kira shiitake) kuma ana iya samuwa a cikin shaguna na Turai da na Rasha, an samo shi da yawa, duk da cewa yana da sauƙin girma a cikin yanayin wucin gadi.
Shiitake - nagarta da mummuna
An yi amfani da naman gwari ba kawai a cikin al'adun noma na kasashen Gabas ta Tsakiya ba, amma har ma a likitan gargajiya na kasar Sin da Japan. An yi amfani da kyawawan kayan namomin namun ganyayen da suka san magunguna har ma a zamanin mulkin daular Ming (1368-1644 AD), sannan an yi imani cewa wannan naman gwari yana kara yawan matasa, yana ƙaruwa da karfi, yana tsarkake jini. Magunguna na kasar Sin sun yi amfani da shi a cikin cututtuka na fili na numfashi na sama, cututtukan hanta, jima'i. A halin yanzu, yin amfani da namomin kaza shiitake ga jikin mutum ya tabbatar da binciken kimiyya na masana kimiyya na kasar Japan. Saboda haka a Jami'ar Purdue (Tokyo) a shekarar 1969, Dokta Ikekawa ya gano aikin maganin antitumor na tsantsa daga ruwa na shiitake, wanda ya shiga cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin da aka kama da sarcoma. A lokacin gwaje-gwaje daga naman gwari mai fata, an cire wani polysaccharide mai suna lentinine (daga sunan Latin shiitake). A halin yanzu, lentinan abinci ne mai mahimmanci na abinci wanda ake amfani dashi don rigakafi da kuma maganin cututtukan cututtuka.
Bugu da ƙari, aikin da aka tabbatar da cutar anti-tumo, hawan gurasar mai shiitake sun ƙunshi furotin mai yawa, suna samar da abun amino acids, watakila, kawai ga fungi. Duk da haka, abun ciki na bitamin D shiitake wani zakara ne mai banƙyama - a cikin naman gwari na wannan bitamin shine fiye da hanta.
Gaskiya ne, ya kamata a ambata cewa, duk da duk amfanin da shiitake zai iya kawo wa jikin mutum, ba a ba da shawara ga yin amfani da mata da ciki da yara a karkashin biyar. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a kauce masa. Shiitake zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyar rashin lafiyar.