Lokacin da hanyar haihuwa ta wuce, jiki na tayin ba kawai motsawa ba, amma kuma ya dace da kanta zuwa canal haihuwa. Tsayawa da ƙuƙwalwar ƙwallon ƙaƙa da kyallen takalma - ƙyalle ko ɓangaren ɓangaren jiki. Dukan ƙaddamarwar ƙungiyoyi na fassara, sassaukarwa da ƙananan ƙafa, wanda tayi a cikin wannan yanayin, ana kiranta yanayin da aka haifa.
Matsayi mafi ƙasƙanci, wanda aka haife shi ne, ana kiransa ma'anar waya, da kuma wurin da 'ya'yan itace ke gudana don motsi a ƙarƙashin yanayin kwalliya-matsin lamba. Tsarin halitta na haihuwa yana dogara ne da gabatarwar (abin da ɓangare na tayin yake sama da ƙofar ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar), sakawa (ɓangare na tayin da ya riga ya shiga kuma an kafa shi a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar), girman da siffar ƙananan kwaskwarima da kuma ɗan tayin.
Tsarin halitta na haihuwa tare da gabatarwar kai
Wannan gabatarwa na al'ada ne a kai (kai yana tsaye a saman ƙofar ƙashin ƙugu) da kuma ƙuƙwalwa (sama da ƙofar - ƙuƙwalwa na tayin), ƙwaƙwalwa, ƙetare ko kafa kafa - wannan ba wani bambance-bambancen na al'ada ba ne kuma yana buƙatar shigarwa na likitan ilimin lissafi da ƙwarewa na aikin. A cikin gabatarwa na occipital, zauren da za a haɗa zai zama occiput. Duba gaban shine ɗayan da aka juya baya zuwa bango na gaba na mahaifa, kuma a baya yana fuskantar bangon baya.
Biomechanism na aiki da occipital gabatarwa
1. A hangen nesa:
- lankwasawa kai (wani karamin waya ya zama maɓallin waya);
- wani juyi na ciki a cikin ƙwararren mahaifiyarsa, inda tayi na tayin yana motsawa ga juyayi, da goshin gawar uwar;
- tsawo na kai a lokacin da kake wucewa a ƙarƙashin wani labarar arc, inda 'ya'yan itace ke kan iyakokin suboccipital da kuma shugaban kasa a karkashin wannan tsari, wucewa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfin hali (9.5 cm);
- Matsayin da ke waje da kuma juyawa na ciki na kafadu, lokacin da kafadu mafi girman girman su ya wuce a cikin haɗuwa ko ƙananan girma, bayan sun wuce kafadu, duk sauran sassa na 'ya'yan itace an haife su da sauri.
2. A cikin baya:
- kunna kai (ma'anar waya shi ne karamin harsashi ko yankin tsakanin kananan da manyan);
- Matsayin da ke cikin ciki - juyayi ya juya zuwa ga sacrum, kuma goshin zuwa hagu na hagu, ƙarin gyaran kai - a lokacin da aka rushe kansa, sashin na gaba ya kasance a kan ƙananan haɗin gwiwar jiki - wannan shine farkon ƙaddamarwa wanda yake kunnen kai, kuma na biyu shine suboccipital fossa, wanda 'ya'yan itace ke da shi akan coccyx, tsawo yana faruwa da haihuwar kai;
- Hanya ta waje na kai tare da juyawa masu ciki.
Daga wasu gabatarwar kawuna, ana haifuwa tare da hangen nesa (na baya da fuska), amma a gabanin ganewa zai iya zama mummunan lalacewa kuma mutuwar jariran ya yi yawa - tare da maida hankali, haihuwar tayin na tayin rayuwa ba zai yiwu ba.
Gini na aikin aiki tare da gabatarwa (breech)
Bambancin na al'ada shine gabatarwar tayin na tayin, wanda za'aron yaron ne ta hanyar ci gaba. Yarawa a cikin wannan gabatarwa ba wani abu ba ne, amma sun fi wuya.
Biomechanism tare da gabatarwa pelvic:
- sakawa na ɓangare na tayi a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwararru a cikin girman, maɓallin waya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin buttocks na tayin;
- wani juyi na ciki na buttocks a madaidaicin madaidaicin, bayan da daya daga cikin buttocks yana fuskantar juyayi, ɗayan - zuwa coccyx;
- gyare-gyare na tsakiya na gangar jikin, wanda shine ma'anar gyare-gyare na kwalliya - a ƙarƙashin arji na lumbar, a kusa da shi yana daɗaɗa kuma an haifi ɓangaren pelvic;
- wani juyi na ciki na kafadu tare da juya waje na gangar jikin, wanda yatsun kafa na tayi yake cikin girman kai tsaye;
- gyare-gyare na tsakiya na yankin cervicothoracic, wanda aka sanya kafa ta gaba a karkashin ƙirjin da kuma ƙafar da ke bayan baya lokacin da aka gyara;
- Hannun da ke cikin ciki, shi ya sa ido ne a gaba, an ajiye fossa suboccipitary a ƙarƙashin haɗakarwa da ƙuƙwalwa, ana haife shi a matsayi mara kyau.
Gabatarwar kafa ta zama daidai da gabatarwa na pelvic, amma a lokaci guda suna ƙoƙarin kaucewa fadawa daga kafafu kuma suna kokarin rage jinkirin haihuwarsu, suna ƙoƙari su fassara fashin kafa a cikin abincin.