Logotherapy - mece ce, ka'idodin ka'idojin, hanyoyin, dabaru da kuma bada

Logotherapy - a kalla sau ɗaya a cikin rayuwar kowane mutum yana bukatan irin wannan hanya na tunani. Crises da suka shafi shekarun haihuwa sukan haifar da asarar ma'anar da ake ciki wanda mutum zai iya dogara, kuma wannan yana kama da jihar inda ƙasa ta fito daga ƙarƙashin ƙafa.

Logotherapy a cikin ilimin kwakwalwa

Logotherapy da kuma bincike mai mahimmanci su ne hanyoyi na ilimin halayyar dan Adam wanda ya karu daga psychoanalysis. Logotherapy ya fito daga Girkanci. kalmomi - kalmar, maganin - kulawa, kulawa. Psychologists-logotherapists ganin shi a matsayin aiki don taimakawa mutane gano fassarar ma'anar ko ƙirƙirar sababbin. Tabbatar da kyau sosai a cikin maganin neuroses.

Wanda ya kafa logotherapy

Frankl's logotherapy a takaicce: "Mutum yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwa na ayyukansa, ayyuka, yanayi, ayyuka." Logotherapy ya kafa shi ne daga Victor Frankl, wani likitancin Austrian da kuma likitan kwaminisanci wanda ya wuce sansanonin Jamus. Dukan hanyoyinsa sun wuce ta kansa kuma fursunoni sun tabbatar da tasirin su, cewa a kowane hali mutum zai iya tsira kuma ya ce rayuwa: "Na'am!".

Logotherapy - bincike

Manufofin Frankl's logotherapy suna dogara ne akan bincikensa da kuma wakiltar mutum a matsayin samfurin girman nau'i uku, a cikin girman yanayin wannan shine tunanin mutum da kuma jiki na mutum, da kuma cikin ruhaniya na ruhaniya (noetic). Tare, wannan ba kowa ba ne. Ruhaniya ya bambanta mutum daga dabba. Dukkanin abubuwa uku suna cikin rikici tsakanin abun cikin ciki da duniya waje, sha'awar fahimtar sabon, don gano sabon ma'anar a maimakon wanda ba shi da amfani shine manufar mutum.

Irin logotherapy

Dabbobi da hanyoyi na logotherapy sune masu bi na V. Frankl suka kara, amma rashin amincewa da abin da aka sha wahala da gwadawa a dubban mutane ya nuna cewa hanyoyin suna aiki da kuma dacewa a yau. iri na fasahar logotherapy:

Ayyukan logotherapy

Ka'idodin logotherapy sunyi aikinsa na musamman: samun ma'anar ma'anar, taimakawa wajen ci gaba, haifarwa, ƙauna da ƙauna. Ma'anar za a iya samu a cikin ɗaya daga cikin wurare uku: kerawa, sanin kwarewa, sanin karɓar yanayi wanda mutum ba zai iya canzawa ba. Dalili a cikin dabi'u V. Frankl ya ba da kerawa, yana bayyana mutum a matsayin mai halitta. Kuma a cikin abubuwan da suka shafi tunani - ƙauna.

Indications don amfani da logotherapy

Logotherapy an tsara shi ga mutane duka a cikin lafiya da rashin lafiya, burin logotherapy ba don sanya mutum ma'anar cewa mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ya gani ba, amma don taimakawa wajen gano shi, dukan alhakin yana tare da mai haƙuri. V. Frankl ya tsara bangarori 5 na aikace-aikace na logotherapy:

Logotherapy na Frankl - ka'idoji na asali

Frankl's logotherapy ya nuna tasirinsa a lokuta da ba a kula da su lokacin da mutumin ya kasance rashin gaskiya a matsayin sanarwa game da rashin lafiya. Frankl ya yi imanin cewa ko da maɓallin canza yanayin mutum yana da wani ɓangare na lafiya, kuma kusantar wannan bangare na halin mutum yana taimakawa wajen magance cutar, har ma da rage shi ga gyare-gyare, kuma a cikin mafi kyawun hali zai haifar da farfadowa.

Ka'idojin logotherapy:

  1. Freedom of will . Mutum yana da 'yancin yin duk wani yanke shawara, yin bayani game da rashin lafiya ko kiwon lafiya, ganin haka, duk wani ganewar asali ba jumla ba ne, amma bincika ma'anar dalilin da yasa cutar ta taso, don abin da yake so ya nuna.
  2. Za a ji . 'Yancin' yanci abu ne wanda ba shi da ma'anar kansa, har sai mutum ya cimma burin neman ma'ana da kuma gina manufa. Dukan matsaloli masu tasowa an ba su tare da wannan ma'anar.
  3. Ma'anar rayuwa . An tsara ta da ka'idodi guda biyu na farko kuma kowacce mutum ne, ko da yake kowa yana da ra'ayi na al'ada na dabi'u. Mahimman ma'anar rayuwa shi ne inganta kanka, kuma ga sauran mutane zai zama abin sha'awa don samun ma'anarka kuma ka yi ƙoƙari don ingantaccen tsarin kanka.

Hanyar Frankl na logotherapy

Hanyoyi na logotherapy sun tabbatar da kansu a cikin maganin da ake kira phobias, neuroses, damuwa da asalin da ba a sani ba. Matsakaicin iyakar logotherapy yana zuwa lokacin da mutum ya dogara ga mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yana tafiya tare da shi a cikin abin da ya dace. Akwai hanyoyi uku na logotherapy:

  1. Binciken daidaitacce . Mutum yana jin tsoron wani abu da yake wahalar da rayuwarsa. Wannan hanya ta taimaka wajen saduwa da fuska fuska tare da tsoro, hadu da shi, aikata abin tsoro, ƙarfafa tsoronka ga mahimmanci, amsa tambaya: "Mene ne mafi munin abin da zai faru idan na yanke shawara / ba zan yi ba?"
  2. Dereflexia , hanyar da aka kirkiro domin kula da hyperreflexia da iko, an yi amfani da shi wajen magance matsalar mata, canzawa daga kansa, damuwa da maida hankali ga abokin tarayya, akwai matsala a cikin matsala na daidaitawa da tsammanin wasu da kuma sakewa da iko.
  3. Loganalysis shine kundin dalla-dalla ne na rayuwar mutum, yana barin logotherapist gano wani ma'ana. Mawuyacin hali, damuwa da tsoro sun tafi.

Logotherapy - Bada

Logotherapy yana da hanyar taimakawa wajen nuna haske game da rayuwar mutum, albarkatun da zai iya amfani da ita don fita daga cikin abyss na rasa ma'anar rayuwa. Logotherapy - dabaru da kuma gabatarwa ga tunanin (fantasy, imagination, prejudice), aiki da hotuna:

  1. Wuta . Alamar wuta ita ce rayuwa da mutuwa. Wane irin wuta ne mutum yake gani a cikin tunaninsa, watakila yana da hasken kyandir ko fitil a cikin kurkuku mai duhu, ƙurar wuta a cikin murya ko wuta? Akwai wadanda ke nan wadanda ke kallon wuta - duk wadannan ƙungiyoyi zasu iya fadin abubuwa game da halin mutum.
  2. Ruwa . Yi tunanin wani kandami wanda shine: tafkin, kogi, na iya teku. Mene ne launi na ruwa da kuma kwarara daga ruwa mai zurfi ko kwantar da hankali na ruwa - ko da a cikin mutanen da ke da halayen tunanin, siffar ruwa yana sauƙin wakilci. Game da ruwa inda mutumin yake: a kan tudu, ko tsaye a cikin ruwa, iyo? Menene motsin zuciyarmu ? Ayyukan motsa jiki na taimakawa wajen hutawa da kuma samun motsin zuciyarmu da kuma ainihin ma'ana.
  3. Itacen . Mutum kamar itace ne, don haka yana da mahimmanci irin irin itace da yake gani. Shin nauyin nau'i ne, mai rawar jiki a cikin iska, ko babban itace mai girma, da zurfin tushen zurfi a cikin zurfin tushensa, da kuma tasowa sama tare da kambi mai yadawa? Shin shi kadai ne, ko kuma akwai sauran mutane? Duk cikakkun bayanai: ganye, akwati, kwayoyin halitta. Hoton za a iya gyaggyarawa da kuma ƙarawa, yana taimaka wa mutumin ya ƙarfafa.

Ƙungiyoyin rukuni na logotherapy:

  1. "Ina farin ciki lokacin da ..." ci gaba da hanya mai kyau, karin maganganu, mafi kyau, mutum yana amfani da kyau kuma yana daina lura da shi, wannan motsa jiki yana taimakawa wajen gano wannan kyakkyawan a rayuwarsa.
  2. Dalili mai kyau game da kanka da sauransu. Kowane memba na rukunin ya kamata, tare da dukan yabo da kansa don wani abu, to, kuyi waƙa ga mutumin da yake zaune, wannan ya kamata ya yi daidai.

Logotherapy - littattafai

Victor Frankl "Logotherapy da mahimmancin ma'ana. Littattafai da laccoci »- wannan littafi ne game da asali da kuma samuwa na logotherapy a matsayin hanyar ƙwararraji. Sauran littattafan marubucin:

  1. " Ka ce rayuwa" Eh! "Masanin ilimin ilmin likita a cikin sansani ." Ayyukan da aka dauka suna da kyau kuma suna rinjayar sakamakon mutane. Ko da a cikin halin da ba'a sananne na sansani na Nazi ba, mutum zai iya tsira da godiya ga ƙarfin ruhu da kuma gano ainihin ma'ana.
  2. " Mutum yana neman ma'ana ." Menene ma'anar rayuwar mutum da mutuwar mutum ko abin mamaki: soyayya , wahala, alhakin, 'yanci, addini - wannan shine abinda V. Frankl ya yi imani da aikinsa.
  3. " Wahala daga ma'anar rayuwa. Topical psychotherapy ». Littafin zai zama da amfani ga mutanen da suka rasa sha'awar rayuwa. V.Frankl yayi nazarin abubuwan da ke haifar da asarar ma'ana kuma ya ba da girke-girke domin kawar da tunanin jin dadi na gaskiya.

Littattafan mabiyan V. Frankl:

  1. " Logotherapy don taimakon masu sana'a. Ayyukan zamantakewa ya cika da ma'ana. "D. Guttman. Malamin Farfesa na ilimin halin kirki na rayuwa yana haifar da rayuwa mai mahimmanci kowace rana, ci gaba da aikin V. Frankl, yana taimakawa mutane da yawa su gaskanta cewa rayuwarsu kyauta ce, kuma duk abubuwan da ke ciki suna da mahimmanci.
  2. " Logotherapy: sansanonin bayanai da kuma misalan misalai " A. Battiani, S. Shtukarev. Tsarin magani na logotherapy a cikin aiki, yadda ya faru, wace hanya aka yi amfani da shi - wannan littafi ya fada game da wannan duka.