Girman tafarnuwa na zuwa a spring a cikin ƙasa bude shi ne abin da ya fi muhimmanci ga kowane mai cin ganyayyaki. Wannan tsire-tsire na bulbous yana da babbar daraja a dafa abinci, maganin gargajiya, an yi amfani da shi a yawancin jita-jita da kuma shirye-shiryen gida. Tare da kyakkyawar hanya, amfanin gona na wannan al'ada zai iya kawo mai mallakar shafin yanar-gizon wani kudin shiga na yau da kullum.
Shuka tafarnuwa a spring
A cikin tattalin arziki, ana yin amfani da tafarnuwa ta tafkin hunturu don sarrafawa, sayarwa a kasuwa da kiyayewa, yana da babban hakora da mafi yawan amfanin ƙasa. Idan akwai tambaya game da tanadin ajiya na tsawon lokaci, to, iri don shuka shuka yana da amfani. An adana kwararan fitila a farkon watan Janairu, bayan hakan ya sa ingancin su ya ɓata, kuma bazara ba su daguwa har zuwa tsakiyar bazara. Idan akwai tafkin ruwa na tafarnuwa a cikin ƙasa, yana da kyau saya iri iri masu zuwa:
- Gulliver;
- Abrek;
- Sochi 56;
- Alei;
- Yelenovsky;
- Victorio;
- Permyak.
Difference tsakanin rani da hunturu tafarnuwa:
- Girma bazara tafarnuwa ba ya samar kibiyoyi.
- Fushofin marigayi ba su yin hibernate a cikin ƙasa, sun fara dasa a spring.
- A cikin kwan fitila na spring tafarnuwa, har zuwa 30 lobules za a iya kafa, hunturu tafarnuwa ba shi da fiye da 10 lobules.
- Abun hakoran wannan tafarnuwa zuwa tsakiya suna da ƙanana kuma an shirya su.
- Kwararru a cikin nau'in hunturu a lokacin da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa ya fara girma.
- Yarda da tafarnuwa a cikin idon ruwa a cikin ƙasa ta bude da hakoran girbi na shekarar bara, ana iya samar da tafarnuwa ta tafarnuwa ta iska.
Shuka tafarnuwa a cikin bazara a cikin ƙasa mai bude - lokaci
Wannan al'ada ba shi da ɗan lokaci don ciyayi, don haka a cikin ƙasa mai bude, lokacin da ake dasa tafarnuwa a cikin bazara ya auku a yankunan kudancin karshen Maris lokacin da aka ƙin ƙasa zuwa zafin jiki na 5-6 ° C. Ga yankin Moscow da kuma yankunan arewacin da yanayi mai sanyi, lokacin aikin canzawa bisa yanayin yanayi ta shekara ta uku na Afrilu ko ma ta farkon watan Mayu. Gwada kada ku jinkirta lokacin saukowa. Tsayawa tare da kwanakin jinkiri zai iya haifar da digo na yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin shekaru bushe ta 50% ko fiye.
Ana shirya tafarnuwa don dasa shuki a spring
Bulbous shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa yana fama da cututtukan da yawa, don haka kana bukatar mu bincika sosai yadda za a shirya tafarnuwa don dasa shuki a cikin bazara. Na farko, muna kwance shugabannin ga hakora, zaɓin sabobin lafiya da mafi girma, wanda aka fi kusa da kusa da gefen. Na gaba, bi kayan abin da ke cikin bayani na gwaji da samuwa na samuwa.
Fiye da tafarkin tafarnuwa kafin dasa shuki:
- Jiƙa don 30-60 minti na hakori a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate.
- Soaking a cikin 1% bayani na jan karfe sulfate (na minti 30).
- Yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi antibacterial "Maxim" ko analogs.
- Yi amfani da shi a cikin bazara kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai karfi da karfi mai warware salin a cikin kashi 3 tablespoons gishiri da lita 5 na guga na ruwa. Lokacin lokacin yin saiti shine minti 3.
- Soak da karaji na rabin sa'a a Fitosporin-M, diluted bisa ga umarnin.
- Yi amfani dasu a tsakar rana na dasa tafarnuwa a cikin idon ruwa a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi, jigon itace ash (wani teaspoon na wannan microfertilizer na halitta da lita na ruwa), lokaci mai lura shine sa'a daya.
A precursors na tafarnuwa a lokacin da dasa
Yin aiki a bude a cikin bazara, ya wajaba don biyan juyayi don rage yawan hadarin fungal da inganta yalwar ƙasa. Tukwici don dasa shuki tafarnuwa ta hanyar manoma masu fasaha sun bada shawara su guje wa magabata a cikin dankali, tumatir da albasa. Tabar da ya dace daidai, inda a karshe kakar alfalfa girma tare da clover, strawberries, kore salatin. Zabin zaɓi mai kyau na maƙwabta don tafarnuwa, dauke da nau'o'in halitta, don taimakawa wajen magance kwari. Yana da kyawawa don samun gadaje tare da kwararan fitila tsakanin plantings na strawberries da karas.
Hanyar dasa tafarnuwa a spring
Dokar da aka yarda da ita don dasa tafarnuwa a lokacin bazara an bayar da shawarar don saita nisa daga cikin jere tsakanin kimanin 20-30 cm. Yi kananan ramuka, kiyaye nisa tsakanin adadin lobes a cikin layuka har zuwa 6-8 cm. Slices yaduwa ƙasa ba tare da karfi a cikin ƙasa ba. Don sauƙaƙe wannan tsari, masu amfani da kwarewa suna amfani da su a cikin bazara, a cikin manyan yankunan a bude ƙasa, masu amfani da sigina ko masu sanya kansu.
Zurfin dasa shuki a cikin bazara
Da farkon springings da hunturu plantings, daban-daban dokoki don girma wannan amfanin gona ana amfani. Zurfin dasa albarkatun tafarnuwa a spring shine kimanin mita 5-7. Don kwatanta, a lokacin da ake dasa shuki don hunturu, hakora ya kamata a binne a cikin ƙasa zuwa 8-12 cm, dangane da abun da ke cikin ƙasa a yankin. Ƙananan saukowa maras kyau, tsire-tsire masu sauri suna fitar da hakora a waje, inda suka mutu cikin zafi. Mai karfi shigarwa yana haifar da raguwa a cikin germination na tafarnuwa.
Taki don tafarnuwa lokacin da dasa
Don tafarnuwa, yana da kyawawa don amfani da ƙasa mafi kyau, amma a cikin ƙasa maras an hana shi kara kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta a rijiyoyin. Saboda wani lokaci na farkon aiki, ya fi kyau a shirya shiri don hunturu, ƙara kayan abinci ga ƙasa, irin su humus (har zuwa 5 kg / m 2 ) da kuma superphosphate (15 g / m 2 ). Takin daji a lokacin da aka dasa tafarnuwa a spring an yarda su yi amfani da wadannan:
- Na farko fertilizing - bayan kwanaki 15 bayan fitowan, za mu gabatar da carbamide a matsayin wani bayani mai ruwa (1 tablespoon / 10 lita na ruwa).
- Na biyu ciyar - bayan 12-15 days an shawarar yin amfani da nitroammophoska (2 lita / 10 lita).
- Ruwa mafi girma a saman filin - a cikin karshen shekarun Yuni, zaku iya amfani da superphosphate a cikin nau'i na ruwa (2 tablespoons / 10 lita) tare da kudi na aikace-aikacen har zuwa 4 l / m 2 gadaje.