Ta yaya shinkafa ya girma?

Duk mutane suna amfani da abincin su iri daban-daban: buckwheat, shinkafa, gero, da dai sauransu. Amma shinkafa shi ne mafi mashahuri, domin ba abincin ba ne kawai, amma kuma wani ɓangare na al'ada da yawancin mutanen duniya. Idan irin alkama ya girma, har yanzu yana da masaniya, yadda shinkafa ke tsiro don yawancin wanda ba a sani ba, saboda yana faruwa a kasashen Asiya mai nisa. Duk da cewa shinkafa na daban daban, amma fasaha don bunkasa su ya kasance kusan ɗaya a gare su.

A wannan labarin za ku fahimci irin yadda shuka ke kama da shinkafa, inda kuma yadda yake girma.

Shuka shinkafa

Rice wata shuka ce ta ganye ta kowace shekara daga iyalin hatsi, ta tsiro kuma tana haifar da girbi mai kyau a cikin yanayi mai zafi da kuma yanayi. Yana da tsarin furry root, wanda yana da cavities na iska, wanda ke samar da damar yin amfani da iskar oxygen a cikin ƙasa. An dasa shinkaran shinkafa daga dama mai tsaka-tsaka ko tsattsauran wuri tare da rawanin 3 zuwa 5 mm a tsawo har zuwa 5 m.

Rice girma yankunan

Kusan dukkan kasashen Asiya (Sin, Indiya, Thailand, Japan, Indonesia) sunyi shinkafa fiye da shekaru dubu biyar, kuma a kasashen Turai kusan kimanin ƙarni 6. A sassan duniya suna girma shinkafa na iri dabam dabam:

• dogon hatsi shinkafa - Asia, Australia, North and South America;
• shinkafa-matsakaici-shinkafa - Spain, Italiya, Amurka, Burma da Australia;
• shinkafa hatsi - Italiya, Rasha, Ukraine, China da Japan;
• yankakken shinkafa - yankin Great Lakes, a iyakar Amurka da Kanada;
• red rice - kudu na Faransa;
• shinkafa baki - Tibet (Sin);
• Kamolino - Misira, a bakin Kogin Nilu;
• Basmati - lardin Punjab, a arewacin Indiya da Pakistan a ƙarƙashin Himalayas;
• jasmine - yankunan dutse na Thailand.

Rice girma yanayi

Rice za a iya girma gaba ɗaya a kan ƙasa mai laushi, ruwa mai ambaliya, da kuma a kan filayen busassun, kamar amfanin gona na hatsi. Don yin wannan, ka ƙirƙiri filayen nau'o'i masu biyowa:

• dubawa - filayen filayen sararin samaniya, ko raguwa a kan tsaunuka, kewaye da dams ko ramparts, don riƙe ruwa;
• Liman - wani ɓangare na ƙasa mai laushi a kusa da kogi, an yi noma a kansu a lokacin lokacin ambaliya;
• Dry-kasa - ana amfani dasu a yankunan da ruwan sama mai yawa.

Don girma shinkafa, kana buƙatar hasken rana mai kyau, saboda haka ya fi tsayi rana, da sauri ya girbi.

Zai fi kyau a shirya filayen a kan tsararraki, mai laushi, siliki da kadan ƙasa mai kyau. Don samun girbin shinkafa mai kyau, an bada shawarar shuka shi bayan alfalfa da clover, kuma don canja wurin saukowa a kowane shekaru 2-3.

Fasaha na shinkafa

Idan a cikin noma shinkafa a kan iyakoki da ƙananan martaba, yawanci a cikin tsari ya dogara da yanayin yanayi, sa'an nan kuma a kan kaya, duk tsari yana sarrafawa ta mutum, saboda haka ana amfani da wannan hanya kusan kusan kashi 90% na shinkafa.

Anyi wannan kamar haka:

1. Tare da taimako na musamman nests, seedlings suna girma daga shinkafa tsaba. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na wannan shine 13-16 ° C.
2. An dasa bishiyoyi a kan rajistan.
3. Bayan 'yan kwanakin, ƙasar ta rajistan hankali an rufe shi a hankali don haka yawancin ruwa ba kasa da 13-15 cm ba. Rice ke tsiro da kyau a zafin jiki na 25-30 ° C.
4. Don tayar da weeds, ana saukar da ruwa daga duba, kuma bayan kammala aikin, an cika shi. An shayar da kifi kawai da hannu.
5. Don cikakke cikakke da kuma bushe ƙasa kafin girbi, ruwan ya sauko daga filayen lokacin da kore shinkafa ya fara juya launin rawaya.

A sakamakon wannan shuka mai tsanani, mutum yana samun hatsi mai mahimmanci da ya kamata a rage cin abinci, wanda ake amfani dashi don rage yawan cholesterol, tare da abinci da har ma masu cin ganyayyaki .