Alamar alamar - iri, abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

An fassara kalmar "benchmarking" daga harshen Ingilishi "don nuna alama ga wuri," wannan hanya ce ta nazarin ayyukan wasu kamfanoni da kamfanoni masu gasa domin yin amfani da abubuwan da suke faruwa don amfani da kansu. Akwai nau'i-nau'i iri-iri irin wannan, tare da zaɓi na kayan aikin da kake bukata don amfani.

Benchmarking - menene shi?

Binciken baƙaƙe shine nazarin kwatankwacin alamun samfurin, fassarar da kuma aikace-aikace na mafi kyawun misalai na aiki mai inganci don kasuwancinku. Sau da yawa bincika nasarorin da kamfanonin ke aiki a irin wannan filin, kodayake wasu ƙididdiga na gaba za a iya amfani dasu ga duk wani tallace-tallace na tallace-tallace. Babban abu guda biyu ne:

1. Bincike.
2. Daidaita.

Ayyukan binchmarking

Nasarar wannan aikin ya dogara ne akan aikin da aka yi a kowane mataki na aiwatarwa, hanya mai zurfi ta ƙunshi matakai bakwai:

1. Bincike na kungiyar da zaɓuɓɓuka don ingantawa.
2. Ma'anar batun don kwatanta.
3. Bincika kamfanin kamfani mai kyau.
4. Tattara kayan aiki.
5. Tattaunawa game da bayanai da ma'anar tsarin don aiwatar da ayyukan.
6. Yin amfani da kwarewa cikin aiki.
7. Nazarin sakamakon.

Game da ayyuka irin wannan hanya a matsayin benchmarking, an rarraba su da hudu:

1. Manufofin kayayyaki . Ya ƙayyade samfurin da samfurin a kasuwa.
2. Darajar farashin . Mafi yawan farashin samfurin da aka ƙayyade. Ayyukan kayan aiki: ƙarin caji da rangwamen.
3. Talla . Amfani da dukkan nau'ikansa: daga banners a tituna zuwa tallace-tallace a Intanit.
4. Sale, sayarwa . Nemo masu tsaka-tsaki, masu rarraba iko, da alhaki da la'akari da ikirarin.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da benchmarking

Mutane da yawa suna ƙoƙari su gano irin hanyar, benchmarking, da kuma abin da ke da karfi da rashin ƙarfi. Babban mahimmanci shine dace da amfani da ayyukan masu fafatawa ko kamfanoni tare da kwarewa mai yawa a filin da ake bukata, don amfanin kansu. Ƙididdigar hanyoyi suna cikin hakar bayanai, tun da babu wanda yake son raba shi. Amfanin benchmarking ya dogara ne akan yadda ake la'akari da waɗannan mahimman bayanai:

• Misalai na kamfanonin kasashen waje ba su shiga cikin gida cikin lokaci ba;
• yana da wuyar ganewa a kan kasuwannin Rasha da ya kamata a dauka a matsayin misali, tun da yana iya samun ruwa mai yawa, kuma babu wanda ke tallaɗa su.

Irin benchmarking

A yau, duka a kasuwannin gida da na Turai - gagarumin gasar, don haka kada ku ga yadda sauran 'yan kasuwa suke kasuwanci. Bayan haka, ana iya fita daga kasuwa da sauri, har sai wannan ya faru, benchmarking, tare da aiwatar da hanyoyin da kyau, zai iya zama babban taimako. Masu bincike sun gane nau'ikan benchmarking iri-iri:

1. Binciken wasan kwaikwayo . Wannan shi ne kwatanta samfurorin da hanyoyin da za a gudanar da su tare da masu nasara.
2. Tsarin ciki na ciki . Daidaita samar da rassa tare da irin wannan a cikin ɗakin.
3. Sakamakon aikin benchmarking . Ana kwatanta ayyuka na kungiyoyi daban-daban da suke aiki a wani wuri.

Ayyukan benchmarking

Ana amfani da kayan aiki na benchmarking da yawa, aikace-aikacen su ya dogara da abin da aka saita. Mutane da yawa sun rasa ainihin ma'anar - wannan fasaha ba lokaci ɗaya bane, amma ci gaba, saboda yanayin ya canza, kuma tare da su - da siffofin ayyukan hammayarsu a kasuwanci. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar ka riƙe hannunka a kan bugun jini kuma ka kasance mai sauƙi. Hanyar hanyar yin amfani da benchmarking ya hada da:

• aiki a tsarin tsarin musayar ra'ayi;
• bayanin kwamfuta;
• nazarin talla da kuma dangantakar jama'a;
• rumfunan zabe, tambayoyi, masu jagorancin kungiyoyi.

Kamar yadda ka'idar da kuma aikin ke nuna, abubuwan da suka fi dacewa sun bayyana idan aka haɗu da benchmarking, la'akari da kwarewar kamfanonin da ke aiki a filin daban daban da kuma aiwatar da tsari. Dole ne ku mayar da hankali ga irin waɗannan alamun:

• farashin, inganci, nau'in kaya;
• matakin sabis;
• sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki mai yiwuwa;
• tsarin farashin, kasuwa, sababbin kayan aiki.

Matsayi na benchmarking

Aikin keken benci yana ci gaba da tafiya, hanyoyi na rikewa na iya bambanta, la'akari da sababbin abubuwa, amma ya kamata a kiyaye shi a cikin tarihin aikin. Akwai manyan matakai guda biyar:

1. Gano abubuwan da suke buƙatar kyautatawa.
2. Nemi kamfanonin da suka fi dacewa a matsayin samfurin.
3. Analysis na bayanan kamfanin ku.
4. Binciken bayanan akan kayan don 'yan kasuwa masu cin nasara.
5. Daidaita bayanin da kuma nasarar da ya yi.

Domin bincike, yana da kyau a haya akalla uku kamfanoni don bunkasa hoton hoto. Tarin bayanai yana buƙatar kafa cibiyar sadarwa, wanda ya kamata a kula da shi kafin aiwatar da tsare-tsaren. Don cimma daidaito mafi kyau, masana suna ba da shawarar yin ɗammani da hankali don bayyana waɗannan batutuwa:

1. Tare da taimakon waɗanne hanyoyi ne zai yiwu a cimma alamomi mai girma?
2. Shin akwai babban bambanci tsakanin kamfanonin da aka zaba domin kwatanta?
3. Shin haƙiƙa ne don amfani da waɗannan fasaha a aikin aikin ku?