Bronchitis wani cututtuka ne wanda ke da ƙwayar mugaji na ganuwar bronchi suna shiga cikin tsari. Idan an gano cutar masushirci, wannan yana nufin cewa ƙonewa yana tare da ciwon sikila na rashin lafiya, wanda shine, an rage ƙananan lumen na bronchi, wanda zai hana hawan iska.
Hanyar ƙuntataccen abu na kamala
Bronchi wani ɓangare biyu ne na numfashi na numfashi, wanda yake kama da bifurcation na trachea a sassa biyu, daga abin da reshe na biyu ya tashi. Ƙananan rassan bronchia suna haɗuwa da darussan ƙaura, wanda a ƙarshen abin da alveoli ke samuwa - ƙaddamar da hanyoyi na huhu, ta hanyar yin musayar gas. Babban aikin fassaran na jiki shine ɗaukar iska a lokacin wahayi tare da tsarkakewa daya, moisturizing da dumama, da kuma cire shi a lokacin exhalation.
Dangane da yanayin ciwon ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke tasowa a cikin bronchi ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwa masu ban tausayi, akwai ƙananan ƙuntatawa na gida, tsarin tsaro na bronchi ya dakatar da tsayayya da ayyukansa. A cikin kyallen takalma na mucosa, canje-canje na tsarin suna hade da hypertrophy na gland wanda ya haifar da mugunciyar jiki da kuma canza jikin kwayoyin cutar wanda ke haifar da phlegm a cikin kwayoyin jigilar kayan aiki. A sakamakon haka, an kirkiro triad da ake kira pathogenetic triad:
- ƙara yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jiki;
- lalacewar fitarwa daga sputum daga gare su;
- jinkirta da kuma tarawa na ɓoye na ƙumburi.
Wadannan matakai suna haifar da kaddamar da kayan aiki na ƙwarewar ƙwayar jiki, bambance-bambance da wadanda ke faruwa tare da kumburi marasa katsewa. Masana sun lura cewa ƙwarewar bronchial ta taso ne ta hanyar tsarin da ba a iya juyawa ba. Na farko sune:
- raguwa da lumen na bronchi saboda mummunan ƙwayar tsoka (bronchospasm);
- kumburi hade da kumburi na mucous da submucosa bronchi;
- cike jikin bishiya tare da kauri, mummunan lalata ƙwayoyin cuta.
A nan gaba, wadannan nau'o'i sun maye gurbinsu da rashin daidaituwa:
- stenosis na bronchi, tare da overgrowth daga cikin lumen connective kyallen takarda;
- ragewa mai mahimmanci a cikin iska ya fito daga kananan rassan bronchi;
- Rushewar murfin membrane na babban bronchi da trachea tare da haskakawa cikin lumen na hanyoyi.
Sanadin cututtukan da ke da ƙwayar cuta
A cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya, yawancin ciwon sukari yana tasowa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waɗannan abubuwa:
- taba shan taba, inda kayatarwar iska ta tara abubuwa masu tsabta wadanda suka rushe tsarin tsarkakewa, da kuma ƙonewar ƙwayoyin mucous saboda shan haushi;
- yanayin aiki mai haɗari da haɗuwa da iska, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙura, mahaɗin hadera;
- yawan cututtuka na numfashi, na raunana hanyoyin kare lafiyar jiki;
- asalin kwayoyin halitta - cin zarafi na samar da furotin α1-antitrypsin, wanda ke haifar da lalata kwayoyin huhu.
Akwai digiri da yawa na rage a cikin lumen na bronchi:
- Rashin ƙwaƙwalwa - baya haifar da mummunan lalacewa a filin jirgin sama da canje-canje masu dangantaka.
- Hanyar da ya dace na bronchi - lokacin da aka kulle lumen na bronchi ta kasa da kashi 50%.
- Matsanancin mataki na hanawa - rabuwa da lumen na bronchi an rage raguwa, wanda zai haifar da rage yawan oxygen a cikin jini da ci gaba a cikin aikin dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da kuma tsarin.
Maƙarƙashiyar ƙwayar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta
Hanyar ƙwayar cutar mashako a cikin babban abu yakan tasowa a cikin yara lokacin da kamuwa da cututtukan cututtuka masu kamuwa da cutar bidiyo, tare da kamuwa da kwayan cuta ko sakamakon sakamakon rashin lafiyar jiki. Sakamakon cutar shi ne yara da raunana rigakafi, tare da ciwon rashin lafiyar jiki, tsinkayen jigilar jini. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan rassan ƙanana da matsakaici sun shafi, kuma hani na babban bronchi yana da wuya.
Hanyar cututtuka na yau da kullum
A cikin tsari na yau da kullum, akwai lokuta na gafara da kuma haɓakawa, wanda ke nuna alamarsu. Sakamakon wannan nau'i na cutar yafi mutane, saboda yiwuwar yin aiki a kansu daga cutarwa masu haɗari (shan taba, halayen haɗari) ya fi girma. A wannan yanayin, akwai ƙwarewa na ƙananan bronchi, da ragewa a cikin lumen na manyan ƙananan ƙwayoyin jiki, da kuma wani lokacin ƙonewa na alveolar nama.
Hanyar ƙwayar cuta - bayyanar cututtuka
Mashako mai ƙari da obstruction, wanda tsawonsa ba zai wuce makonni uku ba, yana tare da hoto na asibiti:
- ƙara yawan yawan zafin jiki;
- bushe ko ƙwayar marasa lafiya (sau da yawa paroxysmal, muni da dare da safe);
- karuwa a cikin mita na motsi na numfashi har zuwa sau 18 a minti daya;
- bayyanar taurarin motsi tare da exhalation, wanda za'a iya ganewa ta hanyar kewaye da su ko da nesa, wanda aka kara a cikin matsayi mara kyau.
Kwanan baya na nakasa nakasar mashako, wanda aka gano tare da sake dawowa cutar sau uku ko sau sau a shekara, yana nuna kanta da wadannan alamun cututtuka:
- yawan ciwon kai;
- wahala mai tsanani;
- suma;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi;
- "Maɗaukaki" tari tare da wuya a raba sputum, wani lokaci launin launin ruwan kasa, tare da admixture na jini;
- walƙiya, walwala lokacin numfashi;
- abinci mara kyau.
Lokaci mai tsananin wuya, da gaske, ya dace da lokacin sanyi kuma ana kiyaye shi akan wani cututtuka na cututtuka na ƙwayoyin cuta ko sanyaya. A wannan yanayin, zafin jiki zai iya ƙaruwa, ya zama mai karfi kuma ya zama ƙarar zafi kuma mai zafi, akwai wahalar da ke cikin numfashi. Lokacin yaduwa yana da kusan makonni 2-3.
Ciki tare da mashako mai cututtuka
Mafi yawan kyawawan siffar dabbar da ke ciki, da tarawa a cikin bronchi, yana haifar da tarihin da ke dauke da ciwon daji, wanda aka kara a cikin matsayi mara kyau. An yi bayani da kuma tsagewa da tsayi a dare da nan kuma bayan gari ya farka. Rashin rashawa na fata yana da rauni, zai iya samun hali mai laushi, kuma a wannan yanayin ana daukar shi a matsayin sake komawa cutar. Cunkushe yana tare da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi. Tsarin ƙyama na bronchi, wanda zai iya haifar da isasshen ƙwayoyin cuta, yana tare da babban tari da blanching fata.
Temperatuur tare da ciwon sukari mai ɓarna
Sau da yawa, marasa lafiya da suke zaton cutar, suna damuwa game da ko akwai zafin jiki tare da ciwon sukari. Ya kamata a san cewa tare da wannan farfadowa yanayin zafin jiki ba ya tashi sosai sau da yawa kuma yana da wuya a kai ga alamomi masu yawa (sau da yawa ba sama da 38 ° C) ba. Ƙasar febrile ta fi dacewa da irin mummunar irin wannan cuta, da kuma yawan ciwon sukari mai yawan gaske a mafi yawancin lokuta yakan faru a kan tushen yanayin yanayi.
Hanyar ciwon sukari - magani
Don sanin yadda za a bi da mashako mai ɓarkewa, likita ya tsara wasu hanyoyin bincike, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gane dalilin da ke da alamun da kuma ma'auni na tsananin. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin sun hada da:
- ƙwarewa da ƙwarewar ƙwayoyin huhu;
- Radiography (ciki har da gabatarwar bambancin matsakaici);
- Tsarin bayanai ;
- microscopic da bincike bacteriological na sputum;
- gwajin jini (general, biochemistry);
- gwaje-gwajen immunological da sauransu.
A lokuta mai tsanani ana samun sukuwa a asibiti. Magunya mai tsanani da muni tare da hani, musamman ma tare da zazzabi, dole ne ya buƙaci hutawar gado. Bayan sun sauya yanayin, ana ƙarfafa marasa lafiya don yin tafiya a hankali a cikin iska, musamman a safiya. Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya ya kamata suyi la'akari da muhimman shawarwari masu muhimmanci:
- Kuna da shan taba (wasan motsa jiki daga shan taba).
- Abin sha mai yalwace da shaye-shaye (sha'ani na yau da kullum ya kamata ya kara 1.5-2 sau).
- Abinci mai cin abinci mai kyau tare da kariya da ƙwaƙwalwa, m, abinci mai soyayyen.
- Jirgin a cikin dakin inda mai haƙuri zai kasance mai tsabta, m.
Hanyar hanyoyin kiwon lafiya:
- magani magani;
- ka'idodin ilimin lissafi (ƙwaƙwalwa da faɗakarwa da motsa jiki, electrophoresis, inhalation);
- na numfashi, gyaran motsi.
Hanyar ciwon sukari - taimakon farko
Mutanen da suka ci gaba da ciwon sukari, za a iya buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa a kowane lokaci, saboda kai hari na tsutsa zai iya ci gaba da sauri kuma ba zato ba tsammani. Kwayar cututtuka da ke nuna yanayin haɗari shine: tilasta wajan zama a kan gefen kujera da kafafu baya, tsofafin zafin zafin jiki tare da tayar da launin fata, laushi mai laushi da hanci, alamu. A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar kira motar motar.
Kafin zuwan likitoci, kana buƙatar:
- Samar da mai haƙuri tare da iska.
- Cire kayan da suke hana numfashi.
- Aiwatar da wani mairosu-aerosol tare da masanin bronchodilator, idan an riga an nada shi likita.
- Yi amfani da hanya don kawar da spasm na bronchi, wanda ya kunshi numfashi a cikin iskar gas mai amfani da carbon-exhale da kuma motsa iska, danna magoya baya ga mutumin.
Hanyar ciwon sukari - kwayoyi don magani
Marasa lafiya da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na "obstructive bronchitis" za a iya tsara su kamar haka:
- bronchodilators ( Salbutamol , Atrovent, Serevent);
- mucolytics (Ambroxol, Trypsin, Acetylcysteine);
- maganin rigakafi don ƙwayar cutar masifa (Azithromycin, Cefuroxime, Clarithromycin);
- glucocorticosteroids (Prednisolone, Fluticasone);
- wadanda basu da kwayar cutar anti-inflammatory (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Nimesulide).
Inhalation tare da ciwon daji mai ɓarna
Lokacin da ake buƙatar ƙuntataccen abu na bronchial, daya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka fi so a gwamnati shine inhalation ta hanyar nebulizers. Ana amfani da kayan aiki masu amfani da kayan aiki a cikin wani ɗan gajeren lokaci zuwa mayar da hankali, ba tare da damar cire spasm ba, rage ƙonewa, da kuma cire phlegm. Mun lissafa magungunan da ake amfani dashi don shawagi:
- Berodul ;
- Kwafi;
- Berotek;
- Ventolin;
- Lazolvan;
- Budesonid da sauransu.
Hanyar ciwon sukari - hanyoyin hanyoyin magani
Yin jiyya na ciwon sukari da cututtuka tare da magungunan gargajiya yana yarda bayan yarjejeniya tare da likitancin likita, kuma kayan gargajiya na gari kawai zasu iya taimaka wa farfadowa. Sau da yawa, healers bayar da shawarar shan broths na daban-daban ganye da dues cewa exert wani expectorant da anti-mai kumburi sakamako (uwar-da-uwar rana, licorice tushe, thyme).
Amfanin girke mai kyau akan albasa
Sinadaran:
- albasa - 500 g;
- sugar - 400 g;
- zuma - 50 g;
- ruwa - 1 lita.
Shiri da amfani
- Kwasfa da sara da albasarta.
- Mix da sukari, zuma, ƙara ruwa.
- Tafasa a kan zafi kadan na tsawon sa'o'i uku, sanyi, lambatu.
- Ɗauki tablespoon sau 4-6 a rana.
Hanyar ciwon sukari - rikitarwa
Gwagwarmayar ƙwayar cutar mashako ta lokaci-lokaci yana da wadannan:
- emphysema na huhu ;
- rashin lafiya na numfashi;
- Zuciyar zuciya ;
- masharctasis;
- na biyu na hauhawar jini.