Kyakkyawan kammalawa daga yaro ne - ya girma a tsakanin iyayen kirki masu mahimmanci. Da zama dan tsufa, mutumin da ke fama da ciwo na perfectionism zai iya zama mai cin nasara kuma yana da matsayi na alhakin, amma yawancin lokaci kammalawa yana sa mutum yayi da rashin farin ciki ga rayuwa .
Wanene mai kammalawa?
Mai kammalawa shine mutum yana ƙoƙarin kammalawa, kammalawa a komai. A gare shi, babu rabin sauti, amma akwai sanduna guda biyu "cikakke" da "ajizai". Mai kammalawa ba zai yi kome ba idan ya yi imanin cewa ba zai iya cimma burin sakamako ba. Ma'anar kalmar perfectionism ta fito ne daga Fr. kammala - kammalawa. Ganin mutuncin masu kirkiro ba abu ne mai wahala ba.
Yaya za ku fahimci cewa ku cikakke ne?
Ciwo na girmamawa mai jariri yana da yawa kuma ya ƙunshi da dama da aka nuna siffofi na gani da kuma nuna alamun hali. Alamun mai kammalawa:
- da bukatar kiyaye duk abin da ke karkashin iko;
- Dole ne a yi duk abin da ya fi girma, ba za a yarda da wasu sakamakon ba;
- marmarin yin farin ciki, kamar sauran tun lokacin yarinya;
- jinkirtawa - saboda kafa wa kansu abubuwan da suka fi muhimmanci da kuma rashin yiwuwar "tafi" ta hanyar matakan matsakaici zuwa matakan;
- tsoro na kuskure, kasawa;
- zargi da kanka da sauransu;
- "Ni kaina!" A cikin komai, ko yaushe kuma ko'ina.
Kyau kiristanci nagari ne ko mara kyau?
Cikakken kirki wata cuta ce ko a'a - sau da yawa yawan mutane suna kewaye da cikakkewa, kuma wani lokacin yana kama da halayyar hali, musamman ma a cikin cakuda da pedantry, amma wannan ba cuta bane, ko da yake yana kawo wahala mai yawa. Farin kiristanci yana da amfani idan yana da isasshen, mutumin da yake ƙoƙari ya inganta kansa da ayyukansa ya taso a kansa:
- aiki mai wuya;
- zargi mai mahimmanci;
- Daidai;
- horo;
- ci gaban mutum ;
- so su inganta ingantaccen basirarsu.
Kyakkyawan kirkirar da ke tattare da neurotic "tasowa" a cikin jagorancin lalacewa, tare da yawancin kima akan komai:
- aiki;
- rashin haƙuri ga zargi;
- obtrusiveness;
- da fifiko;
- Mindfulness;
- da sha'awar zama cikakke a duk wurare kuma a sakamakon - rashin iyawa don cimma burin.
Ta yaya za a kawar da perfectionism?
Yadda zaka magance perfectionism cikin kanka? Idan wannan tambaya ta tashi, to, akwai fahimtar matsalar - wannan mataki ne game da kai da kuma bukatar sauyawa. Masanan ilimin kimiyya sun bada shawarar matakan da zasu biyo baya don kawar da ciwon gurguntaccen ciwo:
- don karɓan gajerun hanyoyi - wannan na nufin karɓar kansa da wasu a cikin ajizanci, babu wasu mutane masu kyau;
- cikakke da kuma bin manufa basu da iyaka, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci mu sanya ainihin manufa ga kanmu;
- ka daina kwatanta kansu tare da wasu mutane, ko da yaushe za a kasance mafi kyau, mafi kyau, kuma mafi alheri, don haka ana kwatanta kwatancin ne kawai a yau da kuma wadanda suka kasance jiya;
- ƙananan bincike da shirye-shiryen bazawa don inganta - ƙarin aikin;
- ba tare da kurakurai babu wani kwarewa;
- dakatar da jin tsoron zargi da yanke hukunci, tunatar da wasu mutane suyi hukunci daga abubuwan da suke da shi, tsoro, kasawa.
Perfectionism - magani
Ciwo na perfectionism ba kimiyya ne a hankali ba, kuma nakasawar mutum yana da sannu a hankali saboda ci gaba da nuna kyamara, mutum yana tasowa ciki, babu jituwa tare da kansa da sauransu, damuwa da rashin tausayi. Magungunan ƙwayoyi masu mahimmanci ba su wanzu, idan neurosis ya ci gaba sosai, mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zai iya rubuta maganin bayyanar cututtuka da amfani da antidepressants da tranquilizers.
Cikakke a cikin ilimin halayyar mutum
Masanan ilimin kimiyya sun rusa kammalawa cikin kyakkyawan lafiya, isasshe, haɓaka cikin mutane da yawa da kuma neurotic. Cikakken kirki a matsayin rashin tunanin mutum zai iya la'akari da shi ne kawai idan ya zama mai ɓoyewa, tare da dukkanin alamun bayyanar neuro. Masana kimiyya a Kanada a cikin binciken sun gano abubuwan da suka shafi perfectionism:
- I-perfectionism wani hali ne na mutum ya kafa wa kansa bukatun kansa a cikin aikin, ya kafa manufofin.
- Farin kiristanci da aka tsara ga wasu - matsayi mai kyau da kuma tsammanin cikakken aikin daga wasu mutane.
- Farin kiristanci yana nufin duniya - abin da ba zai yiwu ba ga gaskiyar cewa duk abin da ke cikin duniya da ke kewaye da mu dole ne mai kyau, tsabta, da kuma jituwa.
- Tsarin aikin zamantakewa. Bukatar mutum don saduwa da ka'idoji da tsammanin jama'a.
Tsarin hallakaswa
Neurotic ko farfadowa na pathological ya haifar da tsoro ga rashin cin nasara. Bukatar sha'awar komai a cikin komai ya zama abu mai tsinkaye, tare da alamun bayyanar neurotic. Mahimmanci na Neurotic sun bayyana wa kansu misali mai kyau, sau da yawa ba daidai da halayensu ba. Gudun zuwa ga makasudin bata fito ne daga jin dadi ba, amma saboda jin tsoron rashin cin nasara kuma ana ƙi shi, babu gamsuwa da tsari da sakamakon da aka cimma.
Cikakke cikin fasaha
Cikakken kirki a zane shi ne burin masu zane-zane zuwa mafi girman hoto. Misali na zane-zane na hoton Leonardo da Vinci "Vetruvinsky mutum" jiki cikakke ne da nauyin daidaitacce. Bisa ga wannan adadi, haɗin gine-ginen Faransa ya tsara wani tsari - tsarin tsarin duniya wanda ya dace a cikin gine-gine da kuma masana'antu.
Manyan mutane masu daraja na duniya
Masu kide-kide, marubuta, masana falsafa, masu zane-zane, masu kwarewa a cikin yanayi mai ban sha'awa, wannan abu ne na al'ada. Neman ƙoƙarin kammalawa da manufa shine halayyar mutum ga kowane sana'a. Mashahuran mutanen tarihin tarihi da mutanen zamaninmu, waɗanda suka kasance masu kammalawa:
- Friedrich Nietzsche - wani masanin kimiyya na Jamus, mai kwarewa na al'ada, har ma da girgizar jiki mai tsanani ba ta hana shi daga inganta ayyukan falsafancinsa ba wajen bunkasa ra'ayin mutum.
- Alexander the Great . Masanan ilimin kimiyya sun nuna sha'awar yin nasara da ƙasashen waje ta wurin babban kwamandan kammalawa, wanda ya tura shi zuwa sababbin yakin da kuma cin nasara.
- Leo Tolstoy . Marubucin ya bukaci kammala da kammalawa a komai, kasancewa misali na perfectionist ya sake rubuta ayyukansa, "War and Peace" bisa ga bayanai daban-daban an sake rubutawa sau 8 zuwa 12.
- Steve Jobs . Mai kirkiro na Amurka a fagen fasahar IT, mai kirkirar Apple ya kula da shi har ma da ƙaramin bayani. Misali na bayyanar perfectionism na iya kasancewa cewa Steve na tsawon watanni shida masu tilasta maimaitawa don sake gyara barikin gungura a tsarin OS X, saboda haka jinkirta sakin aikin babban aikin.
- Edward Norton . Mai shirya wasan kwaikwayon tare da nau'in haɗari da kuma sha'awar ci gaba da ingantawa, tsaftace matsayinsu, fiye da lokacin da ake yi wa ma'aikatan rauni. Bayan ya harbe "Nasarar Mai Girma" Norton ya yanke shawarar shiga wurin shigarwa don tabbatar da cewa duk abin da yake cikakke, wadda aka ƙi, ta yi masa ba'a.
Movies game da perfectionists
Maganar perfectionism an bayyana shi a cikin fina-finai masu zuwa:
- " Kwararren Kwallon Kasa / Grand Panron " Faransanci game da likitan likitancin Louis Delage, wanda ya ba da magani a duk rayuwarsa. Ya yi aikinsa cikakke, amma rayuwar iyalinsa ya kasa kasa - Louis na da cikakke a aikinsa, saboda sauran ba shi da lokaci, wanda yake da matukar damuwa ga matarsa Florence.
- " Black Swan " Nina Sayers dan wasa ne, ta aiki da wuya kuma ta kasance mai cikakke ne. Nina ta yi ƙoƙarin cimma daidaituwa tare da tsayin daka, wanda zai haifar da mummunan ƙarshe.
- " A Yammacin Tekun / Gaba da Duba ". Fim din yana dogara ne akan wani labari na tarihin kiɗa na duniya Bobby Darin. Ana nuna hanyarsa ta zama. Wani yaro daga wata matalauta da ke fama da rashin lafiya - likitoci sun ba shi fiye da shekaru 15 ba, amma ya rayu 37 yana godiya ga sha'awarsa ga kiɗa kuma ya yi mafarki don kasancewa a cikin zukatan mutane a matsayin mai girma a lokacinsa.
- " Ayyuka: Gidan jarraba / Ayyuka ". Steve Jobs ne mai almara. Shi mai aiki ne da cikakkewa kuma wannan ya taimaka masa ya zama abin da ya zama. Film-biography.
- " Amadeus ". Fassarar fassarar labaru na mutane biyu Mozart da Salieri. Mozart na da basira daga Allah, kuma Salieri yana buƙata mai yawa da kuma aiki mai wuyar gaske, amma kiɗa yana fita ne kawai, ba tare da wahayi ba. Salieri, tare da cikakkiyar kammalawarsa, ba zai iya barin kansa ba har da cewa Mozart ta zama mai kirkiro mai ƙwarewa.